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The Seven Great Houses of Iran,^[1] also known as the seven Parthian clans, were seven feudal aristocracies of Parthian origin, who were allied with the Sasanian court. The Parthian clans all claimed ancestry from Achaemenid Persians.

The seven great houses of Iran had played an active role in Iranian politics since the days of the Arsacid Empire, which they continued to do under their successors, the Sasanians.^[2] Only two of the seven – the House of Suren and the House of Karen – however, are actually attested in sources date-able to the Parthian period. The seven houses claimed to have been confirmed as lords in Iran by the legendary Kayanian king Vishtaspa.^[2] "It may be that [...] members of them made up their own genealogies in order to emphasize the antiquity of their families."^[3] During Sasanian times, the seven feudal houses played a significant role at the Sasanian court. Bahram Chobin, a famed military commander of Hormizd IV (r. 579–590), was from the House of Mihran.

The seven houses with their respective main fiefs and ruling-family seats were:

the House of Ispahbudhan, of Tabaristan and Gurgan^[4]
the House of Varaz, of Eastern Khorasan
the House of Karen, of Nahavand^[4]
the House of Mihran, of Ray
the House of Spandiyadh, of Ray
the House of Zik, of Adurbadagan
the House of Suren, of Sakastan^[4]

References

^ Pourshariati 2008, p. 44.
^ ^a ^b Shahbazi 2002, pp. 511–515.
^ Lukonin 1983, p. 704.
^ ^a ^b ^c Pourshariati 2008, p. 49.

Sources

Lukonin, V. G. (1983), "Political, Social and Administrative Institutions", in Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 3, London: Cambridge UP, pp. 681–747.
Yarshater, Ehsan (1997), "Esfandīār (2)", Encyclopedia Iranica, vol. 8, Costa Mesa: Mazda, pp. 592–593.
Pourshariati, Parvaneh (2008), Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran, London: I.B. Tauris.
Shahbazi, A. Shapur (2002). "Haft". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XI, Fasc. 5. pp. 511–515.

[FOOTNOTEPourshariati200844-1] Pourshariati 2008, p. 44.

[FOOTNOTEShahbazi2002511–515-2] Shahbazi 2002, pp. 511–515.

[FOOTNOTELukonin1983704-3] Lukonin 1983, p. 704.

[FOOTNOTEPourshariati200849-4] Pourshariati 2008, p. 49.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

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 ==Sources==
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+*{{citation|title=Cambridge History of Iran|volume=3|year=1983|publisher=Cambridge UP|location=London|editor-last=Yarshater|editor-first=Ehsan|chapter=Political, Social and Administrative Institutions|last=Lukonin|first=V. G.|issue=2|pages=681–747}}.
-* {{citation|last=Yarshater|first=Ehsan|chapter=Esfandīār (2)|title=Encyclopedia Iranica, vol. 8|location=Costa Mesa|publisher=Mazda|year=1997|pages=592–593}}.
+*{{citation|last=Yarshater|first=Ehsan|chapter=Esfandīār (2)|title=Encyclopedia Iranica, vol. 8|location=Costa Mesa|publisher=Mazda|year=1997|pages=592–593}}.
-* {{citation|last=Pourshariati|first=Parvaneh|year=2008|title=Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran|location=London|publisher=I.B. Tauris}}.
+*{{citation|last=Pourshariati|first=Parvaneh|year=2008|title=Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran|location=London|publisher=I.B. Tauris}}.
-* {{cite encyclopedia | title = Haft | last = Shahbazi | first = A. Shapur | authorlink =  | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/haft | editor-last = | editor-first =  | editor-link = | encyclopedia  = Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XI, Fasc. 5 | pages = 511–515 | location = | publisher = | year = 2002 | isbn = }}
+*{{cite encyclopedia|title=Haft|last=Shahbazi|first=A. Shapur|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/haft|encyclopedia =Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XI, Fasc. 5|pages=511–515|year=2002}}
 {{Parthian Empire}}

v t e Parthian Empire
Origins	Parni Dahae Parni conquest of Parthia
Dynasty	Armenia Iberia Caucasian Albania Chosroid Indo-Parthia
Noble clans	Seven Great Houses Ispahbudhan Karen Mihran Spandiyadh Suren Varaz Zik
Culture	Art Coinage Dress Language Music
Wars	Seleucid–Parthian Wars Battle of Ecbatana Roman–Parthian Wars Roman–Parthian War of 58–63 Roman–Parthian War of 161–166 Antony's Atropatene campaign Pompeian–Parthian invasion of 40 BC Battle of Ctesiphon (165) Battle of Ctesiphon (198) Battle of Carrhae Battle of the Cilician Gates Battle of Mount Gindarus Battle of Amanus Pass Battle of Nisibis (217) Parthian war of Caracalla Armenian–Parthian War Bactrian–Parthian War
Related	Parthia Parthian army Parthian Dark Age Parthian shot Roman–Iranian relations
Lists	Parthian monarchs Rulers of Parthian sub-kingdoms

v t e Sasanian Empire
List of monarchs Timeline
Dynasty	House of Sasan Family tree Seven Great Houses Kayus
Culture	Architecture Art Coinage Crowns Dressing Education Glassware Inscriptions Literature Music Punishment Women
Military and wars	Military of the Sasanian Empire Navy Defense lines Roman–Persian Wars Arab tribes Hephthalite–Sasanian Wars Göktürk–Persian wars Aksumite–Persian wars Revolts and civil wars Muslim conquest of Persia
Descendants	Dabuyids Bavands Baduspanids Banu al-Munajjim Mikalids Qarinvand
Related	Roads Economy Roman–Iranian relations Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom ērān and anērān
Category

Revision as of 02:15, 9 October 2022

See also

References

Sources