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In 1220, Engelberto d'Ugo Piccolomini received the fief of Montertari in [[Val d'Orcia]] from the Holy Roman Emperor [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]] as a reward for the services rendered. The family acquired houses and towers in Siena as well as castles and territories in the republic, including [[Montone]] and [[Castiglione del Lago|Castiglione]]; the latter sold to the [[comune]] in 1321.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=580}}
In 1220, Engelberto d'Ugo Piccolomini received the fief of Montertari in [[Val d'Orcia]] from the Holy Roman Emperor [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]] as a reward for the services rendered. The family acquired houses and towers in Siena as well as castles and territories in the republic, including [[Montone]] and [[Castiglione del Lago|Castiglione]]; the latter sold to the [[comune]] in 1321.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=580}}


They obtained great wealth through trade, and established [[counting-house]]s (merchant banks) in [[Genoa]], [[Venice]], [[Aquileia]], [[Trieste]], and in various cities of [[France]] and [[Germany]]. Supporters of the [[Guelphs and Ghibellines|Guelph]] cause in the civil broils by which Siena was torn, they were driven from the city during the time of King [[Manfred of Sicily]]. Their houses were demolished, but they returned in triumph after the victory of the [[Capetian House of Anjou|Angevin Kings]]. They were expelled once more during the brief reign of King [[Conradin]], and again returned to Siena with the help of King [[Charles of Anjou]]. But through their riotous political activity, the Piccolomini lost their commercial influence, which passed into the hands of the [[Republic of Florence|Florentine]]s, although they retained their palaces, castles and about twenty fiefs, some of which were in the territory of [[Amalfi]], to a great extent.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=580}}
They obtained great wealth through trade, and established [[counting-house]]s ([[merchant bank]]s) in [[Genoa]], [[Venice]], [[Aquileia]], [[Trieste]], and in various cities of [[France]] and [[Germany]]. Supporters of the [[Guelphs and Ghibellines|Guelph]] cause in the civil broils by which Siena was torn, they were driven from the city during the time of King [[Manfred of Sicily]]. Their houses were demolished but they returned in triumph after the victory of the [[Capetian House of Anjou|Angevin Kings]]. They were expelled once more during the brief reign of King [[Conradin]], and again returned to Siena with the help of King [[Charles of Anjou]]. But through their riotous political activity, the Piccolominis lost their commercial influence, which passed into the hands of the [[Republic of Florence|Florentine]]s, although they retained their palaces, castles and about twenty fiefs, some of which were in the territory of [[Amalfi]], to a great extent.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=580}}


Another branch of the family obtained great success in the [[Kingdom of Naples]], becoming one of the "seven great houses"<ref>Le "Serenissime Sette Grandi Case del Regno di Napoli" comprendevano: Acquaviva, Celano, Evoli, Marzano, Molise, Ruffo, Sanseverino; estintesi le famiglie d'Evoli, Marzano e Molise, queste furono sostituite da quelle dei d'Aquino, del Balzo e Piccolomini (in merito si vedano: [http://patrimonio.archiviodistatonapoli.it/xdams-asna/siasTo-xDams-auther.jsp?theDb=asnaAutherFamiglie&resource=0000000682 Archivio di Stato di Napoli scheda famiglia Sanseverino] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224110033/http://patrimonio.archiviodistatonapoli.it/xdams-asna/siasTo-xDams-auther.jsp?theDb=asnaAutherFamiglie&resource=0000000682 |date=2013-12-24 }}; B. Filangieri di Candida Gonzaga, ''op.cit'', ad voces; Spreti, ''op.cit'', ad voces).</ref> of the kingdom.
Another branch of the family obtained great success in the [[Kingdom of Naples]], becoming one of the "seven great houses"<ref>Le "Serenissime Sette Grandi Case del Regno di Napoli" comprendevano: Acquaviva, Celano, Evoli, Marzano, Molise, Ruffo, Sanseverino; estintesi le famiglie d'Evoli, Marzano e Molise, queste furono sostituite da quelle dei d'Aquino, del Balzo e Piccolomini (in merito si vedano: [http://patrimonio.archiviodistatonapoli.it/xdams-asna/siasTo-xDams-auther.jsp?theDb=asnaAutherFamiglie&resource=0000000682 Archivio di Stato di Napoli scheda famiglia Sanseverino] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224110033/http://patrimonio.archiviodistatonapoli.it/xdams-asna/siasTo-xDams-auther.jsp?theDb=asnaAutherFamiglie&resource=0000000682 |date=2013-12-24 }}; B. Filangieri di Candida Gonzaga, ''op.cit'', ad voces; Spreti, ''op.cit'', ad voces).</ref> of the Kingdom.


==Prominent family members==
==Prominent family members==

Revision as of 00:18, 28 October 2022

For other uses, see Piccolomini (disambiguation).
Piccolomini
Noble family
Country Italian Republic

Republic of Siena
 Papal States
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
 Kingdom of Naples
 Holy Roman Empire

 Two Sicilies
EtymologyLiterally "little men"
Place of originProbably Kingdom of the Lombards
Founded1098; 926 years ago (1098)
FounderMartino Piccolomo[1]
TitlesPope (non-hereditary)

Princes of the Holy Roman Empire
Prince of Náchod
Prince of Valle di Casale
Prince of Maida
Grandee of Spain
Duke of Amalfi
Duke of Laconia
Duke of Girifalco
Duke of Montemarciano
Marquess of Gioiosa
Marquess of Montesoro
Marquess of Città Sant'Angelo
Imperial Count
Count Palatine
Count of Celano and Gagliano
Patricians of Siena
Patrician of Orvieto

Several minor dukedoms, marquisates and counties across Italy.[2]
MembersPope Pius II
Pope Pius III
Francesco Piccolomini
Joachim Piccolomini
Francesco Piccolomini
Celio Piccolomini
Marietta Piccolomini
Motto
Et Deo et hominibus

("both for God and for men")
Cadet branchesPiccolomini Todeschini
Piccolomini Pieri
Piccolomini Naldi Bandini
Piccolomini Salamoneschi
Piccolomini of Modanella
Piccolomini of Rustichino
Piccolomini Clementini Adami
Piccolomini of Aragon

The House of Piccolomini (pronounced [pikkoˈlɔːmini]) is the name of an Italian noble family, Patricians of Siena, who were prominent from the beginning of the 13th century until the 18th century.[3] The family achieved the recognised titles of Pope of the Catholic Church, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, Grandee of Spain, and Duke of Amalfi. The family is also featured in Florentine Histories, a book written by Niccolò Machiavelli, where he describes the reign of Pope Pius II, who had allied himself with the Venetians and Prince Vlad Dracula, to wage a war against the Sultan of the Ottoman empire.[4]

History

See also: it:Piccolomini

In 1220, Engelberto d'Ugo Piccolomini received the fief of Montertari in Val d'Orcia from the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II as a reward for the services rendered. The family acquired houses and towers in Siena as well as castles and territories in the republic, including Montone and Castiglione; the latter sold to the comune in 1321.[3]

They obtained great wealth through trade, and established counting-houses (merchant banks) in Genoa, Venice, Aquileia, Trieste, and in various cities of France and Germany. Supporters of the Guelph cause in the civil broils by which Siena was torn, they were driven from the city during the time of King Manfred of Sicily. Their houses were demolished but they returned in triumph after the victory of the Angevin Kings. They were expelled once more during the brief reign of King Conradin, and again returned to Siena with the help of King Charles of Anjou. But through their riotous political activity, the Piccolominis lost their commercial influence, which passed into the hands of the Florentines, although they retained their palaces, castles and about twenty fiefs, some of which were in the territory of Amalfi, to a great extent.[3]

Another branch of the family obtained great success in the Kingdom of Naples, becoming one of the "seven great houses"[5] of the Kingdom.

Prominent family members

Many members of the house were distinguished ecclesiastics, generals and statesmen in Siena and elsewhere.[3]

Two of them became popes:[3]

Other distinguished members include:

Castles

Citations

  1. ^ Vittorio Spreti - Enciclopedia Storico Nobiliare Italiana 1928–1936 (Ristampa Anastatica Forni Editore Bologna -1981) Vol. V, pag. 325.
  2. ^ Anderson, James (1732). "Royal Genealogies: Or, the Genealogical Tables of Emperors, Kings, and Princes, from Adam to These Times". Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  3. ^ a b c d e Chisholm 1911, p. 580.
  4. ^ Penny cyclopaedia, Vol. 18, citing Niccolò Machiavelli. (1532). Historie fiorentine (History of Florence and of the affairs of Italy: from the earliest times to the death of Lorenzo the Magnificent).
  5. ^ Le "Serenissime Sette Grandi Case del Regno di Napoli" comprendevano: Acquaviva, Celano, Evoli, Marzano, Molise, Ruffo, Sanseverino; estintesi le famiglie d'Evoli, Marzano e Molise, queste furono sostituite da quelle dei d'Aquino, del Balzo e Piccolomini (in merito si vedano: Archivio di Stato di Napoli scheda famiglia Sanseverino Archived 2013-12-24 at the Wayback Machine; B. Filangieri di Candida Gonzaga, op.cit, ad voces; Spreti, op.cit, ad voces).

General bibliography

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