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[[File:JudithButler2013.jpg|thumb|Judith Butler, American philosopher, published ''Gender Trouble'' in 1990 and publicly declared themself non-binary in 2019<ref>{{Cite web |last=McManus |first=Matthew |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811092403/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |archive-date=2020-08-11 |access-date=July 26, 2020 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Zero Books]] |at=37:01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McManus |first=Matthew |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811092403/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |archive-date=2020-08-11 |access-date=July 26, 2020 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Zero Books]] |at=37:01}}</ref>]] |
[[File:JudithButler2013.jpg|thumb|[[Judith Butler]], American philosopher, published ''Gender Trouble'' in 1990 and publicly declared themself non-binary in 2019<ref>{{Cite web |last=McManus |first=Matthew |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811092403/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |archive-date=2020-08-11 |access-date=July 26, 2020 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Zero Books]] |at=37:01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McManus |first=Matthew |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811092403/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |archive-date=2020-08-11 |access-date=July 26, 2020 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Zero Books]] |at=37:01}}</ref>]] |
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In 1990 the American philosopher and gender theorist [[Judith Butler]] published their book ''[[Gender Trouble]]'', questioning both the naturalness and the exclusive dichotomy of the male/female binary. ''Gender Trouble'' concludes by arguing that continually expanding cultural understandings of sex and gender contradict the idea of sex and gender as binaries and reveals these binaries as unnatural.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Butler |first=Judith |title="Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity" |publisher=Routledge |year=1990 |isbn=0415900433 |edition=1st |location=New York |pages=149 |language=English}}</ref> Butler has publicly identified as non-binary since 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Interviews by Kian |date=December 27, 2019 |title=Judith Butler on her Philosophy and Current Events |url=https://interviewsbykian.wordpress.com/2019/12/27/judith-butler-on-her-philosophy-and-current-events/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726182552/https://interviewsbykian.wordpress.com/2019/12/27/judith-butler-on-her-philosophy-and-current-events/ |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |access-date=July 26, 2020 |website=Interviews by Kian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McManus |first=Matthew |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811092403/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |archive-date=2020-08-11 |access-date=July 26, 2020 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Zero Books]] |at=37:01}}</ref> They use they/them and she/her pronouns, but prefer to use "they" pronouns.<ref name="DerTagesspiegel2020-05-13a">{{cite web |author=Kathryn Fischer |authorlink= |date=13 July 2020 |title=The Pronoun is free from the Body - but it is not free from Gender (Das Pronomen ist frei vom Körper - aber es ist nicht frei vom Geschlecht) |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/queerspiegel/gender-und-grammatik-das-pronomen-ist-frei-vom-koerper-aber-es-ist-nicht-frei-vom-geschlecht/25826376.html |access-date=24 December 2021 |website=[[Der Tagesspiegel]] |language=German |quote=Which pronoun do I prefer? Butler laughs ... . 'It is they', Butler says ... . It is the year 2020, and Butler outs theirself as "they" - a truly historic moment. (Welches Pronomen bevorzuge ich? Butler lacht .. . 'Es ist they', sagt Butler ... . Wir haben das Jahr 2020 und Butler outet sich als "they" - ein wahrhaft historischer Moment.)}}</ref> |
In 1990 the American philosopher and gender theorist [[Judith Butler]] published their book ''[[Gender Trouble]]'', questioning both the naturalness and the exclusive dichotomy of the male/female binary. ''Gender Trouble'' concludes by arguing that continually expanding cultural understandings of sex and gender contradict the idea of sex and gender as binaries and reveals these binaries as unnatural.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Butler |first=Judith |title="Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity" |publisher=Routledge |year=1990 |isbn=0415900433 |edition=1st |location=New York |pages=149 |language=English}}</ref> Butler has publicly identified as non-binary since 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Interviews by Kian |date=December 27, 2019 |title=Judith Butler on her Philosophy and Current Events |url=https://interviewsbykian.wordpress.com/2019/12/27/judith-butler-on-her-philosophy-and-current-events/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726182552/https://interviewsbykian.wordpress.com/2019/12/27/judith-butler-on-her-philosophy-and-current-events/ |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |access-date=July 26, 2020 |website=Interviews by Kian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McManus |first=Matthew |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811092403/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A1uuD0nm1k |archive-date=2020-08-11 |access-date=July 26, 2020 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Zero Books]] |at=37:01}}</ref> They use they/them and she/her pronouns, but prefer to use "they" pronouns.<ref name="DerTagesspiegel2020-05-13a">{{cite web |author=Kathryn Fischer |authorlink= |date=13 July 2020 |title=The Pronoun is free from the Body - but it is not free from Gender (Das Pronomen ist frei vom Körper - aber es ist nicht frei vom Geschlecht) |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/queerspiegel/gender-und-grammatik-das-pronomen-ist-frei-vom-koerper-aber-es-ist-nicht-frei-vom-geschlecht/25826376.html |access-date=24 December 2021 |website=[[Der Tagesspiegel]] |language=German |quote=Which pronoun do I prefer? Butler laughs ... . 'It is they', Butler says ... . It is the year 2020, and Butler outs theirself as "they" - a truly historic moment. (Welches Pronomen bevorzuge ich? Butler lacht .. . 'Es ist they', sagt Butler ... . Wir haben das Jahr 2020 und Butler outet sich als "they" - ein wahrhaft historischer Moment.)}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 18:09, 22 November 2022
In 1990 the American philosopher and gender theorist Judith Butler published their book Gender Trouble, questioning both the naturalness and the exclusive dichotomy of the male/female binary. Gender Trouble concludes by arguing that continually expanding cultural understandings of sex and gender contradict the idea of sex and gender as binaries and reveals these binaries as unnatural.[3] Butler has publicly identified as non-binary since 2019.[4][5] They use they/them and she/her pronouns, but prefer to use "they" pronouns.[6]
In the mid-1990s the term "gender queer" emerged in connection with the American transgender rights activist Riki Wilchins, who co-edited of a collection of articles titled GenderQueer: Voices from beyond the Sexual Binary in 2002.[7] Wilchins used the expression as early as 1995 in the In Your Face newsletter to argue against gender discrimination.[8] In 1997, Wichins announced they identify as genderqueer in their autobiography.[9] In 2017, they published a collection of articles entitled Burn the Binary![10]
In 1997, autism-rights movement activist Jim Sinclair, one of the founders of Autism Network International (ANI), publicly declared themself gender neutral, writing "I remain openly and proudly neuter, both physically and socially" in their 1997 self-introduction to the Intersex Society of North America[11].
- ^ McManus, Matthew (July 21, 2020). "Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler". YouTube. Zero Books. 37:01. Archived from the original on 2020-08-11. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
- ^ McManus, Matthew (July 21, 2020). "Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler". YouTube. Zero Books. 37:01. Archived from the original on 2020-08-11. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
- ^ Butler, Judith (1990). "Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity" (1st ed.). New York: Routledge. p. 149. ISBN 0415900433.
- ^ Interviews by Kian (December 27, 2019). "Judith Butler on her Philosophy and Current Events". Interviews by Kian. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
- ^ McManus, Matthew (July 21, 2020). "Matt McManus Interviews Judith Butler". YouTube. Zero Books. 37:01. Archived from the original on 2020-08-11. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
- ^ Kathryn Fischer (13 July 2020). "The Pronoun is free from the Body - but it is not free from Gender (Das Pronomen ist frei vom Körper - aber es ist nicht frei vom Geschlecht)". Der Tagesspiegel (in German). Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Which pronoun do I prefer? Butler laughs ... . 'It is they', Butler says ... . It is the year 2020, and Butler outs theirself as "they" - a truly historic moment. (Welches Pronomen bevorzuge ich? Butler lacht .. . 'Es ist they', sagt Butler ... . Wir haben das Jahr 2020 und Butler outet sich als "they" - ein wahrhaft historischer Moment.)
- ^ GenderQueer : voices from beyond the sexual binary. Joan Nestle, Clare Howell, Riki Anne Wilchins (First edition ed.). Los Angeles. 2002. ISBN 1-55583-730-1. OCLC 50389309.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/downloads/1831ck00f
- ^ "Genderqueer History". Tumblr. Retrieved 2022-11-22.
- ^ Wilchins, Riki (2017). Burn the Binary! Selected Writings on the Politics of Trans, Genderqueer and Nonbinary. Riverdale, NY: Riverdale Avenue Books. ISBN 1626014078.
- ^ "Brief Biography". web.archive.org. 2009-02-07. Retrieved 2022-11-22.