Encarna Hernández: Difference between revisions

Encarna Hernández
Encarna Hernández
Born	23 January 1917; Lorca, Spain
Died	19 December 2022 (aged 105); Barcelona, Spain
Citizenship	Spanish
Occupation	Professional basketball player

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Encarnación Hernández Ruiz (23 January 1917 – 19 December 2022) was a Spanish pioneer of women's basketball as a professional player and coach.

Early life

Encarna Hernández was born in the Region of Murcia town of Lorca in 1917. At the age of 10 she arrived in Barcelona together with her parents and ten siblings since her father had to work at the Universal Exposition of 1929.^[1] Hernández began practicing basketball at the age of 13 with the boys and girls of her neighborhood, on a field built by what would later become her husband, Emilio Planelles. She not only played basketball but also practiced other sports, such as cycling and skating. For her, the most important thing was playing sports. At 154 centimeters tall, Encarna was known as 'the girl with the hook shot' for her ability to use this resource.^[2]

Basketball career

In 1931, she participated in the founding of the Atlas Club, to which her husband also belonged. Aurora Jordà and Encarna Hernández were among the most outstanding players in the women's team, with Encarna being the absolute top scorer of the club, above the men.^[3] In 1932, the Atlas Club was dissolved and its players became part of Laietà. There she would be trained by Fernando Muscat and would coincide with players from the Club Femení i d'Esports such as Maria "Mary" Morros or Carmen Sugrañes, in a team in which they won the first Catalan Women's Championship held in the 1935/36 season, winning all their matches.^[4]

Hernández was selected to participate in athletics events of the People's Olympiad, but this was not held at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. During the Civil War she continued to play basketball matches despite the difficulties of the war itself, these being more exhibitions than official competitions.^[5] At the end of the Civil War, she was a basketball instructor appointed by the Falange to make "strong and healthy women for the country." Although she became a popular figure in the local sports press, it was only when she played for the Falange that she charged a modest amount of money, so she had to work hard off the court and had to combine work hours with training.^[2]

After the Civil War she played for Laietà, Cottet, Moix Llambés, apart from the Women's Falange Section, teams in which her sister Maruja Hernández also played. She won championships in Spain with both Cottet and the Women's Section.^[6] In 1944 she received an offer from FC Barcelona, staying at the club until 1953, retiring from the competition at the age of 36 to be a mother.^[2] She got an offer from the Italian SEU, which she rejected.^[7]

Impact and later life

Hernández broke barriers in the world of sports in the 1930s and was active until 1953. She was one of the pioneers of Spanish basketball, as a player, coach and referee. She was the first female coach of Spain when she led the Peña García de Hospitalet team in 1932. She would lead five more teams.^[2]^[8] With a ball in her hands, trying to emulate admired heroines of the social sphere, as "blessed those women Victoria Kent , Clara Campoamor , Federica Montseny ...".^[7] Hernández was also one of the first women in Barcelona to obtain a driving license in Franco's Spain.^[9] Her home became a pilgrimage site for many basketball players, including Amaya Valdemoro, Elisa Aguilar Laia Palau (from the same neighborhood of Barcelona where the lorquina lives). At her apartment, she had a small museum with mementoes and compilations from her playing and coaching career.^[7]^[9]

In 2016, "The Girl on the Hook" was presented, a documentary made by Raquel Barrera Sutorra, and produced by Ochichornia, a film that has followed Encarna from 96 to 99 years old and portrays the trajectory of this basketball pioneer.^[7]^[10]^[11]

Hernández died in Barcelona on 19 December 2022, at the age of 105.^[12]^[13]

Teams as a player

Atlas Club, C. E. Laietà, F. C. Barcelona, Sección Femenina, Peña García, Cottet, Moix Llambés, Fabra y Coats.^[10]

Teams as a coach

Cottet, Moix Llambés, Sección Femenina, Peña García.^[10]

Awards and recognitions

2016 "La Niña del Gancho" , documentary tribute to a pioneer of Spanish women's sports.^[1]^[10]
2014 Tribute from the Spanish Federation along with other pioneers of women's basketball.^[3]^[14]
2016 Lifetime Achievement Award, a lifetime dedicated to the sport of the Autonomous Community and the Association of the Sports Press of the Region of Murcia.^[15]
2017 Tribute FC Barcelona as former player of the club in the Barcelona-Manresa match, on 12 February 2017.^[16]

References

^ ^a ^b "La maravillosa historia de Encarna Hernández, "La niña del gancho" - Revista Líderas" (in Spanish). revistalideras.com. 3 January 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket" (in Spanish). Mundo Deportivo. 25 May 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ ^a ^b "La FEB homenajea a Encarna Hernández, en el Foro 2014-AS 'Abriendo camino'" (in Spanish). Federación Española de Baloncesto. 6 March 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ "Encarna Hernández habla sobre Fernando Muscat" (in Spanish). YouTube. 27 August 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ "Pioneres de l'atletisme català" (in Spanish). plisweb.com. 27 August 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ "Abuelas de oro" (in Spanish). Marca.com. 29 December 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "La niña del gancho". El Mundo (in Spanish). 20 April 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ "Encarna Hernández, la niña del gancho" (in Spanish). Federación Española de Baloncesto. 20 April 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Encarna Hernández, pionera de profesión" (in Spanish). La Opinión de Murcia. 21 May 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "La niña del gancho" (in Spanish). laninadelgancho.com. 20 April 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ "La Opinión te invita gratis al estreno de 'La Niña del Gancho'" (in Spanish). La Opinión de Murcia. 10 October 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ "Muere a los 105 años la pionera del baloncesto femenino español". okdiario. 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^ "Muere a los 105 años La Niña del Gancho, la mamá del baloncesto español jugado por mujeres". El País. 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^ "Encarnación Hernández, abriendo camino" (in Spanish). Baloncesto España. 6 March 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ "La Comunidad y la Asociación de la Prensa Deportiva premian a los deportistas e instituciones más destacados de 2016" (in Spanish). carm.es. 20 December 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
^ "Barça Lassa - ICL Manresa, en directo" (in Spanish). Mundo Deportivo. 12 February 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

External links

Entrevista Encarnación Hernández - Diario Fotofinish, 2016.
Encarnación Hernández, abriendo camino - Federación Española de Baloncesto, 2014.
www.laninadelgancho.com

[REV-1] "La maravillosa historia de Encarna Hernández, "La niña del gancho" - Revista Líderas" (in Spanish). revistalideras.com. 3 January 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[MUN-2] "Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket" (in Spanish). Mundo Deportivo. 25 May 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[FEB-3] "La FEB homenajea a Encarna Hernández, en el Foro 2014-AS 'Abriendo camino'" (in Spanish). Federación Española de Baloncesto. 6 March 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[4] "Encarna Hernández habla sobre Fernando Muscat" (in Spanish). YouTube. 27 August 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[5] "Pioneres de l'atletisme català" (in Spanish). plisweb.com. 27 August 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[6] "Abuelas de oro" (in Spanish). Marca.com. 29 December 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[ELM-7] "La niña del gancho". El Mundo (in Spanish). 20 April 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[8] "Encarna Hernández, la niña del gancho" (in Spanish). Federación Española de Baloncesto. 20 April 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[MUR-9] "Encarna Hernández, pionera de profesión" (in Spanish). La Opinión de Murcia. 21 May 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[LAN-10] "La niña del gancho" (in Spanish). laninadelgancho.com. 20 April 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[11] "La Opinión te invita gratis al estreno de 'La Niña del Gancho'" (in Spanish). La Opinión de Murcia. 10 October 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[12] "Muere a los 105 años la pionera del baloncesto femenino español". okdiario. 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.

[13] "Muere a los 105 años La Niña del Gancho, la mamá del baloncesto español jugado por mujeres". El País. 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.

[14] "Encarnación Hernández, abriendo camino" (in Spanish). Baloncesto España. 6 March 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[15] "La Comunidad y la Asociación de la Prensa Deportiva premian a los deportistas e instituciones más destacados de 2016" (in Spanish). carm.es. 20 December 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[16] "Barça Lassa - ICL Manresa, en directo" (in Spanish). Mundo Deportivo. 12 February 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

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 ==Early life==
-Encarna Hernández was born in the [[Region of Murcia]] town of Lorca in 1917. At the age of 10 she arrived in [[Barcelona]] together with her parents and ten siblings since her father had to work at the [[1929 Barcelona International Exposition|Universal Exposition of 1929]].<ref name="REV">{{cite web|url=http://www.revistalideras.com/la-maravillosa-historia-de-encarna-hernandez-la-nina-del-gancho/|title=La maravillosa historia de Encarna Hernández, "La niña del gancho" - Revista Líderas|publisher=revistalideras.com|date=3 January 2017|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> Hernández began practicing basketball at the age of 13 with the boys and girls of her neighborhood, on a field built by what would later become her husband, Emilio Planelles. She not only played basketball but also practiced other sports, such as cycling and skating. For her, the most important thing was playing sports. At 154 centimeters tall, Encarna was known as 'the girl with the hook' for her ability to use this resource.<ref name="MUN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20140525/baloncesto/encarna-97-anos-de-historia-viva-del-basket_54408307153.html|title=Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket|publisher=Mundo Deportivo|date=25 May 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>
+Encarna Hernández was born in the [[Region of Murcia]] town of [[Lorca, Spain|Lorca]] in 1917. At the age of 10 she arrived in [[Barcelona]] together with her parents and ten siblings since her father had to work at the [[1929 Barcelona International Exposition|Universal Exposition of 1929]].<ref name="REV">{{cite web|url=http://www.revistalideras.com/la-maravillosa-historia-de-encarna-hernandez-la-nina-del-gancho/|title=La maravillosa historia de Encarna Hernández, "La niña del gancho" - Revista Líderas|publisher=revistalideras.com|date=3 January 2017|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> Hernández began practicing basketball at the age of 13 with the boys and girls of her neighborhood, on a field built by what would later become her husband, Emilio Planelles. She not only played basketball but also practiced other sports, such as cycling and skating. For her, the most important thing was playing sports. At 154 centimeters tall, Encarna was known as 'the girl with the [[hook shot]]' for her ability to use this resource.<ref name="MUN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20140525/baloncesto/encarna-97-anos-de-historia-viva-del-basket_54408307153.html|title=Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket|publisher=Mundo Deportivo|date=25 May 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>
 ==Basketball career==
 In 1931, she participated in the founding of the Atlas Club, to which her husband also belonged. Aurora Jordà and Encarna Hernández were among the most outstanding players in the women's team, with Encarna being the absolute top scorer of the club, above the men.<ref name="FEB">{{cite web|url=http://www.feb.es/2014/3/6/baloncesto/feb-homenajea-encarna-hernandez-foro-2014-abriendo-camino/52753.aspx|title=La FEB homenajea a Encarna Hernández, en el Foro 2014-AS 'Abriendo camino'|publisher=Federación Española de Baloncesto|date=6 March 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> In 1932, the Atlas Club was dissolved and its players became part of Laietà. There she would be trained by Fernando Muscat and would coincide with players from the Club Femení i d'Esports such as Maria "Mary" Morros or Carmen Sugrañes, in a team in which they won the first Catalan Women's Championship held in the 1935/36 season, winning all their matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUsFPwp1ToU|title=Encarna Hernández habla sobre Fernando Muscat|publisher=[[YouTube]]|date=27 August 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>
-Hernández was selected to participate in athletics events of the Popular Olympiad, but this was not held at the outbreak of the Civil War. During the Civil War she continued to play basketball matches despite the difficulties of the war itself, these being more exhibitions than official competitions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://feminitatesportcultura.plisweb.com/0/llibre|title=Pioneres de l'atletisme català|publisher=plisweb.com|date=27 August 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> At the end of the Civil War, she was a basketball instructor appointed by the Falange to make "strong and healthy women for the country." Although she became a popular figure in the local sports press, it was only when she played for the Falange that she charged a modest amount of money, so she had to work hard off the court and had to combine work hours with training.<ref name="MUN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20140525/baloncesto/encarna-97-anos-de-historia-viva-del-basket_54408307153.html|title=Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket|publisher=Mundo Deportivo|date=25 May 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>
+Hernández was selected to participate in athletics events of the [[People's Olympiad]], but this was not held at the outbreak of the [[Spanish Civil War]]. During the Civil War she continued to play basketball matches despite the difficulties of the war itself, these being more exhibitions than official competitions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://feminitatesportcultura.plisweb.com/0/llibre|title=Pioneres de l'atletisme català|publisher=plisweb.com|date=27 August 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> At the end of the Civil War, she was a basketball instructor appointed by the [[Falange]] to make "strong and healthy women for the country." Although she became a popular figure in the local sports press, it was only when she played for the Falange that she charged a modest amount of money, so she had to work hard off the court and had to combine work hours with training.<ref name="MUN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20140525/baloncesto/encarna-97-anos-de-historia-viva-del-basket_54408307153.html|title=Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket|publisher=Mundo Deportivo|date=25 May 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>
 After the Civil War she played for Laietà, Cottet, Moix Llambés, apart from the Women's Falange Section, teams in which her sister Maruja Hernández also played. She won championships in Spain with both Cottet and the Women's Section.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marca.com/otros-deportes/2015/12/29/56825c4546163f5b2d8b45c4.html|title=Abuelas de oro|publisher=Marca.com|date=29 December 2015|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> In 1944 she received an offer from FC Barcelona, staying at the club until 1953, retiring from the competition at the age of 36 to be a mother.<ref name="MUN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20140525/baloncesto/encarna-97-anos-de-historia-viva-del-basket_54408307153.html|title=Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket|publisher=Mundo Deportivo|date=25 May 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> She got an offer from the Italian SEU, which she rejected.<ref name="ELM">{{cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/deportes/2014/04/20/5352d092ca47412b388b4574.html|title=La niña del gancho|newspaper=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>
 ==Impact and later life==
-Hernández broke barriers in the world of sports in the 1930s and was active until 1953. She was one of the pioneers of Spanish basketball, as a player, coach and referee. She was the first coach of Spain when she led the Peña García de Hospitalet team in 1932. She would lead five more teams.<ref name="MUN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20140525/baloncesto/encarna-97-anos-de-historia-viva-del-basket_54408307153.html|title=Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket|publisher=Mundo Deportivo|date=25 May 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.feb.es/2014/4/20/baloncesto/encarna-hernandez-nina-del-gancho/53525.aspx|title=Encarna Hernández, la niña del gancho|publisher=Federación Española de Baloncesto.|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> With a ball in her hands, trying to emulate admired heroines of the social sphere, as "blessed those women Victoria Kent , Clara Campoamor , Federica Montseny ...".<ref name="ELM">{{cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/deportes/2014/04/20/5352d092ca47412b388b4574.html|title=La niña del gancho|newspaper=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> Hernández was also one of the first women in Barcelona to obtain a driving license in Franco's Spain.<ref name="MUR">{{cite web|url=http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/deportes/2016/05/21/encarna-hernandez-pionera-profesion/739052.html|title=Encarna Hernández, pionera de profesión|publisher=La Opinión de Murcia|date=21 May 2016|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> Her home became a pilgrimage site for many basketball players, including Amaya Valdemoro, Elisa Aguilar Laia Palau (from the same neighborhood of Barcelona where the lorquina lives). At her apartment, she had a small museum with mementoes and compilations from her playing and coaching career.<ref name="ELM">{{cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/deportes/2014/04/20/5352d092ca47412b388b4574.html|title=La niña del gancho|newspaper=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref><ref name="MUR">{{cite web|url=http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/deportes/2016/05/21/encarna-hernandez-pionera-profesion/739052.html|title=Encarna Hernández, pionera de profesión|publisher=La Opinión de Murcia|date=21 May 2016|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>
+Hernández broke barriers in the world of sports in the 1930s and was active until 1953. She was one of the pioneers of Spanish basketball, as a player, coach and referee. She was the first female coach of Spain when she led the Peña García de Hospitalet team in 1932. She would lead five more teams.<ref name="MUN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20140525/baloncesto/encarna-97-anos-de-historia-viva-del-basket_54408307153.html|title=Encarna, 97 años de historia viva del basket|publisher=Mundo Deportivo|date=25 May 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.feb.es/2014/4/20/baloncesto/encarna-hernandez-nina-del-gancho/53525.aspx|title=Encarna Hernández, la niña del gancho|publisher=Federación Española de Baloncesto.|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> With a ball in her hands, trying to emulate admired heroines of the social sphere, as "blessed those women Victoria Kent , Clara Campoamor , Federica Montseny ...".<ref name="ELM">{{cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/deportes/2014/04/20/5352d092ca47412b388b4574.html|title=La niña del gancho|newspaper=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> Hernández was also one of the first women in Barcelona to obtain a driving license in Franco's Spain.<ref name="MUR">{{cite web|url=http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/deportes/2016/05/21/encarna-hernandez-pionera-profesion/739052.html|title=Encarna Hernández, pionera de profesión|publisher=La Opinión de Murcia|date=21 May 2016|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref> Her home became a pilgrimage site for many basketball players, including Amaya Valdemoro, Elisa Aguilar Laia Palau (from the same neighborhood of Barcelona where the lorquina lives). At her apartment, she had a small museum with mementoes and compilations from her playing and coaching career.<ref name="ELM">{{cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/deportes/2014/04/20/5352d092ca47412b388b4574.html|title=La niña del gancho|newspaper=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref><ref name="MUR">{{cite web|url=http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/deportes/2016/05/21/encarna-hernandez-pionera-profesion/739052.html|title=Encarna Hernández, pionera de profesión|publisher=La Opinión de Murcia|date=21 May 2016|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>
 In 2016, "The Girl on the Hook" was presented, a documentary made by Raquel Barrera Sutorra, and produced by Ochichornia, a film that has followed Encarna from 96 to 99 years old and portrays the trajectory of this basketball pioneer.<ref name="ELM">{{cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/deportes/2014/04/20/5352d092ca47412b388b4574.html|title=La niña del gancho|newspaper=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref><ref name="LAN">{{cite web|url=http://www.laninadelgancho.com/|title=La niña del gancho|publisher=laninadelgancho.com|date=20 April 2014|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/sociedad/2016/10/10/nina-gancho-invita-laopinion/773657.html|title=La Opinión te invita gratis al estreno de 'La Niña del Gancho'|publisher=La Opinión de Murcia|date=10 October 2016|accessdate=20 August 2020|language=es}}</ref>