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The '''Jat Regiment''' is an [[infantry]] regiment of the [[Indian Army]], of which it is one of the longest-serving and most-decorated regiments.<ref name="india-defence.com">[http://www.india-defence.com/reports/2849. Army's Jat Regiment Best Marching Contingent in Republic Day 2007 Parade | India Defence<!-- Bot generated title -->] http://www.dsalert.org/gallantry-awards/shaurya-chakra</ref> The regiment has won 19 [[battle honour]]s between 1839 and 1947,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MONITOR/ISSUE3-4/bajwa.html |title=BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR: Volume 3(4) |access-date=2011-01-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609131125/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MONITOR/ISSUE3-4/bajwa.html |archive-date=2011-06-09 }}.</ref> and post-independence it has won five battle honours, including 2 [[Victoria Cross]], 8 [[Mahavir Chakra]], 8 [[Kirti Chakra]], 34 [[Shaurya Chakra]]s, 39 [[Vir Chakra]]s and 170 [[Sena Medal]]s.<ref name="india-defence.com" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cornwell|first=Richard|date=2012-02-28|journal=Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies|volume=6|issue=4|doi=10.5787/6-4-845|issn=2224-0020|title=2 Anti-Tank Regiment, Saa -Tank and Anti-Tank in the Western Desert, 1940-1942 (Part Iv)|doi-access=free}}</ref> During its 200-year service history, the regiment has participated in various actions and operations in India and abroad, including [[First World War|the First]] and the [[Second World War]]s. Numerous battalions of the Jat Regiment, including the [[14th Murray's Jat Lancers]], fought in the First World War.<ref>The Times History of the War: The Battlefield of Europe. Woodward & Van Slyke</ref>
The '''Jat Regiment''' is an [[infantry]] regiment of the [[Indian Army]], of which it is one of the longest-serving regiments.<ref name="india-defence.com">[http://www.india-defence.com/reports/2849. Army's Jat Regiment Best Marching Contingent in Republic Day 2007 Parade | India Defence<!-- Bot generated title -->] http://www.dsalert.org/gallantry-awards/shaurya-chakra</ref> The regiment has won 19 [[battle honour]]s between 1839 and 1947,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MONITOR/ISSUE3-4/bajwa.html |title=BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR: Volume 3(4) |access-date=2011-01-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609131125/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MONITOR/ISSUE3-4/bajwa.html |archive-date=2011-06-09 }}.</ref> and post-independence it has won five battle honours, including 2 [[Victoria Cross]], 8 [[Mahavir Chakra]], 8 [[Kirti Chakra]], 34 [[Shaurya Chakra]]s, 39 [[Vir Chakra]]s and 170 [[Sena Medal]]s.<ref name="india-defence.com" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cornwell|first=Richard|date=2012-02-28|journal=Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies|volume=6|issue=4|doi=10.5787/6-4-845|issn=2224-0020|title=2 Anti-Tank Regiment, Saa -Tank and Anti-Tank in the Western Desert, 1940-1942 (Part Iv)|doi-access=free}}</ref> During its 200-year service history, the regiment has participated in various actions and operations in India and abroad, including [[First World War|the First]] and the [[Second World War]]s. Numerous battalions of the Jat Regiment, including the [[14th Murray's Jat Lancers]], fought in the First World War.<ref>The Times History of the War: The Battlefield of Europe. Woodward & Van Slyke</ref>


==History==
==History==

Revision as of 11:45, 30 December 2022

Jat Regiment
Regimental Insignia of the Jat Regiment
Active1795 – Present[1]
Country British India (1795-1947)
 India (1947-Present)
Allegiance India
Branch British Indian Army (1795-1947)
 Indian Army (1947-Present)
TypeLine Infantry
RoleInfantry
Size24 Battalions
Regimental CentreBareilly, Uttar Pradesh
Motto(s)Sangathan Va Veerta (Unity And Valour)
War CryJat Balwan, Jai Bhagwan (The Jat is powerful, Victory to god!)
AnniversariesJuly
Decorations2 Victoria cross
5 Battle honour
8 Maha Vir Chakra
2 Ashoka Chakra
8 Kirti Chakra
34 Shaurya Chakra
39 Vir Chakra
170 Sena Medal
Commanders
Colonel of
the Regiment		Lt Gen B S Raju , UYSM, AVSM, YSM
Insignia
Regimental InsigniaThe insignia has a bugle indicating the Light Infantry antecedents of two of its battalions.

The Jat Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army, of which it is one of the longest-serving regiments.[2] The regiment has won 19 battle honours between 1839 and 1947,[3] and post-independence it has won five battle honours, including 2 Victoria Cross, 8 Mahavir Chakra, 8 Kirti Chakra, 34 Shaurya Chakras, 39 Vir Chakras and 170 Sena Medals.[2][4] During its 200-year service history, the regiment has participated in various actions and operations in India and abroad, including the First and the Second World Wars. Numerous battalions of the Jat Regiment, including the 14th Murray's Jat Lancers, fought in the First World War.[5]

History

The Jat Regiment Insignia during British India (Pre-1947).

The Regiment claims its origins from the Calcutta Native Militia that was raised in 1795,[6] which later became an infantry battalion of the Bengal Army. The 14th Murray's Jat Lancers was formed in 1857.[6] After 1860, there was a substantial increase in the recruitment of Jats into the British Indian Army. The Class Regiment(The Jats) was initially created in 1897 as infantry units from old battalions of the Bengal Army. In January 1922, at the time of the grouping of the Class Regiments of the Indian Army, the 9th Jat Regiment was formed by merging four active battalions and one training battalion into a single regiment.[citation needed]

The 1st Battalion was raised as the 22nd Bengal Native Infantry in 1803.[citation needed] The 2nd and 3rd Battalions were raised in 1817 and 1823 respectively. All three battalions had distinguished records of service, including the winning of many honours during World War I.[citation needed]

A World War I (1914–1918) Jat Army Officer's Brass Button

Objective

The British had a policy of recruiting the martial Indians from those who had less access to education as they were easier to control, so britishers raised regiments of those Martial race who were considered politically subservient, intellectually inferior, lacking the initiative or leadership qualities to command large military formations.[7][8] According to modern historian Jeffrey Greenhunt on military history, "The Martial Race theory had an elegant symmetry. Indians who were intelligent and educated were defined as cowards, while those defined as brave were uneducated and backward". According to Amiya Samanta, the marital race was chosen from people of mercenary spirit (a soldier who fights for any group or country that will pay him/her), as these groups lacked nationalism as a trait.[9]

14th Murray's Jat Lancers (Risaldar Major) by AC Lovett (1862–1919)

Battle cry

The battle cry, adopted in 1955, in Hindi, is जाट बलवान, जय भगवान (IAST: Jāt Balwān, Jai Bhagwān) (The Jat is Powerful, Victory Be to God!).[10]

Recruitment

Soldiers of the Jat Regiment are recruited 89% from the Jat community and rest from other castes of North[11][12][13] Officers may be from any part of country.

Regimental battalions

Commemorative stamp celebrating the Jat Regiment in uniforms of the regiment, past and present.

The Jat regiment has 21 regular battalions, 4 Rastriya Rifles battalions and 2 territorial army battalions, as of August 2020.[14][15]

Unit Raising location Raising date Remarks
Jat Regimental Centre Calcutta 1795 Erstwhile The Calcutta Native Militia
1 Jat (LI) Fatehgarh 1803 Now converted to 2 Mechanised Infantry Regiment
2 Jat Bombay 29 Oct 1817 former 119th Infantry (The Mooltan Regiment)
3 Jat Dinapur 23 Jun 1823 Former 10th Jats; Battle of Dograi
4 Jat Bareilly 15 Jan 1962 Re-raising; Saviours of Fazilka
5 Jat Varanasi 1 Feb 1941 Phillora Captors
6 Jat Bareilly 1 Feb 1941
7 Jat Bareilly 15 Nov 1962 Re-raising, former 11th Jat
8 Jat Jabalpur 14 Dec 1941
9 Jat Bareilly 1 Jan 1963 Re-raising
11 Jat Bareilly 1 Apr 1964
12 Jat Bareilly 6 Feb 1970
14 Jat Bareilly 1 Oct 1963
15 Jat Bareilly 15 May 1976 Re-raising
16 Jat Bareilly 1 Oct 1964
17 Jat Jabalpur 1 Jun 1966 Kargil
18 Jat Secunderabad 1 Oct 1966
19 Jat Bareilly 1 Aug 1980
20 Jat Bareilly 27 Feb 1985
21 Jat Bareilly 1 Nov 1987
22 Jat Bareilly 1 Dec 2013 Jaguars
23 Jat Bareilly 1 Jul 2016
24 Jat Bareilly 1 Sep 2020
5 Rashtriya Rifles Ranikhet 15 Oct 1990
34 Rashtriya Rifles Bareilly 1 Sep 1994 Bravest of the Brave
45 Rashtriya Rifles Bareilly 1 Aug 2001
61 Rashtriya Rifles Bareilly 30 Jun 2004
114 Infantry Battalion (Territorial Army) Dehradun 1 Oct 1960
151 Infantry Battalion (Territorial Army) Muzaffarpur 18 Jan 2002

Gallantry awards

Battle honours

Pre-1947

Post-1947

[16]

Unit citations

When a unit is decorated for counter-insurgency operations, unit citations are given instead of battle or theatre honours.

  • 4th battalion, Nagaland 1995
  • 7th battalion, J&K 1997, J&K 2003 & Operation Rhino 2016
  • 11th battalion, Operation Rakshak 2011
  • 34th battalion Rashtriya Rifles, J&K 1997
  • 17th battalion, Operation Vijay 1999
  • 16th battalion, Operation Rakshak 2005 & 2011
  • 21st battalion, Operation Rhino 2009
  • 22nd Battalion (JAGUARS), Operation Rakshak 2018

Victoria Cross

Maha Vir Chakra

Vir Chakra

  • Brig. Umesh Singh Bawa, 17 Jat, Kargil 1999
  • Lt. Col Raj Kumar Suri, 4 Jat, 1971 war[21]
  • Maj. Harish Chandra Sharma, 4 Jat 1971 war[22]
  • Maj. Narain Singh, 4 Jat 1971 war[23]
  • Maj. Deepak Rampal, 17 Jat, Kargil 1999
  • Havildar Kumar Singh Sogarwal, 17 Jat, Kargil 1999
  • Havildar Shish Ram Gill, 8 Jat, Kargil 1999
  • Sep Dharajit Singh Chahar, 4 Jat, 1988
  • Sub (later Capt.) Pahlad Singh, 2 Jat, 1971 war

[24]

  • Sub Brijendra Singh, 4 Jat, 1971 war[25]

Ashok Chakra

Others

The Jat Regiment marching contingent passes through the Rajpath during the 66th Republic Day Parade, 2015
  • The Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar – 2010 (Organisation Category) was awarded to 21st Battalion, the Jat Regiment.[29]
  • The launch of the 'Maujiram helpline' by the Jat Regiment Centre in June 2013.[30]

Battles fought

After the Battle of Kabul (1842), Governor General Lord Ellenborough had ordered Major General William Nott, who was commanding British-Indian forces, to recover a set of ornate gates known as the Somnath Gates, which had been looted from India by the Afghans and hung at the tomb of Sultan Mahmud II.[31] A whole sepoy regiment, the 43rd Bengal Native Infantry—which later became the 6th Jat Light Infantry after the Indian Rebellion of 1857—was tasked with carrying the gates back to India.[32]

In 1965 India-Pakistan War, 3 soldiers from Jat regiment under Lt Col (now Brig Retd) Desmond Hayde on 1 September and then again on 21–22 September, crossed the Ichhogil Canal and in the Battle of Dograi captured Dograi right up to Batapore-Attocke Awan, advancing towards Lahore.

In the 1999 Kargil War, five of the regiment's battalions took part. The regiment has also contributed battalions to UN missions in Korea and Congo. It was also involved in counter-insurgency operations that have kept the Indian Army busy ever since independence.[citation needed][34]

See also

References

  1. ^ Army's Jat Regiment Best Marching Contingent in Republic Day 2007 and 2021 Parade | India Defence Archived 2007-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ a b Army's Jat Regiment Best Marching Contingent in Republic Day 2007 Parade | India Defence http://www.dsalert.org/gallantry-awards/shaurya-chakra
  3. ^ "BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR: Volume 3(4)". Archived from the original on 2011-06-09. Retrieved 2011-01-09..
  4. ^ Cornwell, Richard (2012-02-28). "2 Anti-Tank Regiment, Saa -Tank and Anti-Tank in the Western Desert, 1940-1942 (Part Iv)". Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 6 (4). doi:10.5787/6-4-845. ISSN 2224-0020.
  5. ^ The Times History of the War: The Battlefield of Europe. Woodward & Van Slyke
  6. ^ a b "The valiant Jat soldier – The Tribute". Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  7. ^ Omar Khalidi (2003). Khaki and the Ethnic Violence in India: Army, Police, and Paramilitary Forces During Communal Riots. Three Essays Collective. p. 5. ISBN 9788188789092. Apart from their physique , the martial races were regarded as politically subservient or docile to authority
  8. ^ Philippa Levine (2003). Prostitution, Race, and Politics: Policing Venereal Disease in the British Empire. Psychology Press. pp. 284–285. ISBN 978-0-415-94447-2. The Saturday review had made much the same argument a few years earlier in relation to the armies raised by Indian rulers in princely states. They lacked competent leadership and were uneven in quality. Commander in chief Roberts, one of the most enthusiastic proponents of the martial race theory, though poorly of the native troops as a body. Many regarded such troops as childish and simple. The British, claims, David Omissi, believe martial Indians to be stupid. Certainly, the policy of recruiting among those without access to much education gave the British more semblance of control over their recruits.
  9. ^ Amiya K. Samanta (2000). Gorkhaland Movement: A Study in Ethnic Separatism. APH Publishing. pp. 26–. ISBN 978-81-7648-166-3. Dr . Jeffrey Greenhunt has observed that " The Martial Race Theory had an elegant symmetry. Indians who were intelligent and educated were defined as cowards, while those defined as brave were uneducated and backward. Besides their mercenary spirit was primarily due to their lack of nationalism.
  10. ^ Raghavan, V.R. (1997). Infantry in India. India: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 8125904840.
  11. ^ "The Official Home Page of the Indian Army". www.indianarmy.nic.in. 1980-01-01. Retrieved 2022-05-01.
  12. ^ Sachdeva, Sujata Dutta (6 November 2005). "SUNDAY DEBATE: Should there be reservation in the Indian Army?". Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 February 2017. It recruits under two broad categories. The first comprises various regiments such as the Jat, Sikh, Garhwal and Kumaon Regiment. These are made up of soldiers with a similar background. For example, the Jat Regiment recruits only Jats, the Garhwal Regiment recruits only Garhwalis and so on.
  13. ^ Mohan, Vijay (6 July 2016). "Jat Regiment raises new battalion". The Tribune. Archived from the original on 6 May 2020. The Jat Regiment, which draws its manpower primarily from the state of Haryana and its adjoining areas, ...
  14. ^ "REGIMENTAL HISTORY". Retrieved 2021-08-20.
  15. ^ "24th battalion of Jat Regiment to be raised in Bareilly". The Times of India. 2020-08-31. Retrieved 2021-08-20.
  16. ^ "Official Website of Indian Army". Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  17. ^ a b "We Were There – Medals and Awards – Victoria Cross Winners". Archived from the original on 2008-10-02. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
  18. ^ Risaldar Badlu Singh, VC Archived July 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  19. ^ "The Official Home Page of the Indian Army".
  20. ^ "Captain Kapil Singh Thapa MVC | Honourpoint".
  21. ^ "RAJ KUMAR SURI | Gallantry Awards". gallantryawards.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2019-01-31.
  22. ^ "HARISH CHANDRA SHARMA | Gallantry Awards". gallantryawards.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2019-01-31.
  23. ^ "NARAIN SINGH | Gallantry Awards". gallantryawards.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2019-01-31.
  24. ^ "DHARAJIT SINGH CHAHAR | Gallantry Awards". gallantryawards.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2019-01-31.
  25. ^ "1971 war veteran felicitated".
  26. ^ "Major Sudhir Kumar Walia AC, SM (Bar) | Honourpoint".
  27. ^ "JOJAN THOMAS | Gallantry Awards". gallantryawards.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2017-08-18.
  28. ^ "DINESH RAGHU RAMAN | Gallantry Awards". gallantryawards.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2019-02-18.
  29. ^ Press Trust of India (19 February 2014). "Jat Regiment's battalion gets environment award". Business Standard India. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  30. ^ "National helpline for soldiers, Army widows | India News - Times of India". The Times of India.
  31. ^ Dalrymple (2013), pp.444–445
  32. ^ "britishbattles.com". Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 23 October 2007.
  33. ^ "New Pakistan army chief's brother died in 1971 Battle of Majors in Fazilka". Indian Express. 1 December 2013.
  34. ^ "India Military Guide".

Further reading

  • War Services of the 9th Jat Regiment by Lieutenant Colonel W. L. Hailes details the military history of the Jat Regiment and of the Jat people between 1893 and 1937.
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