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{{Short description|Extinct genus of carnivores}}
{{Short description|Extinct genus of carnivores}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Italic title}}
{{automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|fossil_range = {{fossil_range|56.0|55.2}} Early [[Eocene]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=PBDB |url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=331898&is_real_user=1 |access-date=2021-07-24 |website=paleobiodb.org}}</ref>
| name = ''Dormaalocyon''
|image = Dormaalocyon-latouri.jpg
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|56|48.6|latest=47.8}} [[Early Eocene]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=PBDB|url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=331898&is_real_user=1|access-date=2021-07-24|website=paleobiodb.org}}</ref>
| image = Dormaalocyon-latouri.jpg
|image_caption = Life restoration of ''Dormaalocyon latouri''
|display_parents = 3
|image_caption=Life restoration
| taxon = Dormaalocyon
|taxon = Dormaalocyon
| authority = Solé ''et al'' 2014
|authority = Solé, 2014<ref name="SoléSmith2014"/>
| type_species = ''Dormaalocyon latouri''
|type_species = †'''''Dormaalocyon latouri'''''
|type_species_authority = Quinet, 1966<ref>G. E. Quinet (1966) [https://biblio.naturalsciences.be/rbins-publications/memoirs-of-the-royal-belgian-institute-of-natural-sciences-first-series/158-1966/vol-158-024e5cx-text.pdf "Les mammifères du Landénien continental belge, second tome. Etude de la morphologie dentaire comparée des carnivores de Dormaal."] Mémoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles Belges, 158:1-64.</ref>
| type_species_authority = (Quinet, 1966)
| synonyms = ''Miacis latouri''
|synonyms =
{{collapsible list |bullets=true |title=synonyms of species:
|{{collapsible list |bullets=true |title=''D. latouri'':
|''Miacis latouri'' {{small|(Quinet, 1966)}}
}} }}
}}
}}


'''''Dormaalocyon latouri''''' (previously known as ''[[Miacis|'Miacis' latouri]]''), was a species of [[carnivore|carnivorous]] mammal that existed over fifty-six million years ago. This species is one of the oldest carnivorous mammals that can be traced all the way to present day [[Carnivora]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Pappas|first=Stephanie|title=Tiny ancestor of lions and tigers and bears discovered (Oh my!)|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/science/tiny-ancestor-lions-tigers-bears-discovered-oh-my-2D11869414|work=NBC News|access-date=8 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | first1=Floréal | last1=Solé | first2=Richard | last2=Smith | first3=Tiphaine | last3=Coillot | first4=Eric | last4=De Bast | first5=Thierry | last5=Smith | display-authors=2 |title=Dental and tarsal anatomy of 'Miacis' latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)|journal=[[Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology]]| volume=34 |issue=1 | pages=1–21 | doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.793195 | date=17 July 2012 | s2cid=86207013 | publication-date=22 March 2013 }}</ref><ref name=CBC>{{cite web|title=Ancient carnivore ancestor a tiny woodland mammal|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/ancient-carnivore-ancestor-a-tiny-woodland-mammal-1.2487190|publisher=CBC|access-date=8 January 2014}}</ref>
'''''Dormaalocyon''''' ("dog from Dormaal") is an [[extinct]] [[genus]] of placental mammals from clade [[Carnivoraformes]], that lived in [[Europe]] during early [[Eocene]].<ref name="SoléSmith2014"/><ref name="SoléSmith2016"/> Type species, '''''Dormaalocyon latouri''''' was discovered when fossils were unearthed in the village of Dormaal, near [[Zoutleeuw]], in the [[Belgium|Belgian]] province of [[Flemish Brabant]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Pappas |first=Stephanie |title=Tiny ancestor of lions and tigers and bears discovered (Oh my!) |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/science/tiny-ancestor-lions-tigers-bears-discovered-oh-my-2D11869414 |work=NBC News |access-date=8 January 2014}}</ref><ref name=CBC>{{cite web |title=Ancient carnivore ancestor a tiny woodland mammal |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/ancient-carnivore-ancestor-a-tiny-woodland-mammal-1.2487190 |publisher=CBC |access-date=8 January 2014}}</ref>


==Phylogeny==
The species was discovered when fossils were unearthed in the village of [[Dormaal]], near [[Zoutleeuw]], in the [[Belgium|Belgian]] province of [[Flemish Brabant]].<ref name=CBC/> The discovery was first published in January 2014 in the ''[[Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology]]''.<ref name=CBC/>
The phylogenetic relationships of genus ''Dormaalocyon'' are shown in the following cladogram:<ref name="asdff">{{cite book |last=Flynn |first=John J. |last2=Finarelli |first2=John A. |last3=Spaulding |first3=Michelle |year=2010 |chapter=Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations |editor-last=Goswami |editor-first=Anjali |editor-last2=Friscia |editor-first2=Anthony |title=Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function |url=https://archive.org/details/carnivoranevolut00gosw |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume= |isbn=9781139193436 |doi=10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/carnivoranevolut00gosw/page/25 25]–63}}</ref><ref name="SoléSmith2014">{{cite journal |last=Solé |first=Floréal |last2=Smith |first2=Richard |last3=Coillot |first3=Tiphaine |last4=de Bast |first4=Eric |last5=Smith |first5=Thierry |title=Dental and tarsal anatomy of ''Miacis latouri'' and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=34 |issue=1 |year=2014 |issn=0272-4634 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.793195 |pages=1–21}}</ref><ref name="SoléSmith2016">{{cite journal |last=Solé |first=Floréal |last2=Smith |first2=Thierry |last3=De Bast |first3=Eric |last4=Codrea |first4=Vlad |last5=Gheerbrant |first5=Emmanuel |title=New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=36 |issue=2 |year=2016 |pages=e1082480 |issn=0272-4634 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480}}</ref><ref name="Tomiya2021">{{Cite journal |last1=Tomiya |first1=S. |last2=Zack |first2=S. P. |last3=Spaulding |first3=M. |last4=Flynn |first4=J. J. |title=Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world |year=2021 |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=95 |issue=Supplement S82 |pages=1–115 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2020.74}}</ref>
{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;
|grouplabel1={{clade labels
|label1=†'''''Gracilocyon''/''Oodectes'' clade''' |top1=17%
|label2=†'''''Vulpavus'' clade''' |top2=58%
}}
|label1=&nbsp;'''[[Carnivoramorpha]]'''&nbsp; |sublabel1=&nbsp;{{small|('''Carnivora''' [''sensu lato''])}}&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|thickness2=2 |thickness3=2 |thickness4=2 |label1=&nbsp;†'''Viverravidae'''&nbsp; |sublabel1=&nbsp;''sensu lato''&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|thickness2=2 |thickness3=2
|1=†'''[[Viverravidae|Viverravoidea]]'''
|label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
|2=†[[Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 50993 & UALVP 50994)|Carnivoramorpha sp. (''UALVP 50993'' & ''UALVP 50994'')]]
|label3=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state3=dotted
|3=†''[[Ravenictis]]''
}}
|label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
|2=†[[Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 31176)|Carnivoramorpha sp. (''UALVP 31176'')]]
|label3=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state3=dotted
|3=†[[Carnivoramorpha sp. (USNM 538395)|Carnivoramorpha sp. (''USNM 538395'')]]
|label4=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state4=dotted
|4=†''[[Sinopa insectivorus|"Sinopa" insectivorus]]''
|label5=&nbsp;'''[[Carnivoraformes]]'''&nbsp;
|5={{clade
|thickness4=2
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |thickness7=1 |thickness8=1 |color=blue |color7=black |color8=black
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=blue
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |thickness1=1 |color=blue |color1=black |grouplabel1x=†'''''Gracilocyon''/''Oodectes'' clade''' |barbegin1=magenta |barend1=magenta
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=yellow
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |thickness4=1 |thickness5=1 |color=yellow |color1=green |color2=green |color3=green |color4=black |color5=black |grouplabel2=†''[[Gracilocyon]]''
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |thickness1=1 |thickness2=1 |color=green |color1=black |color2=black
|1=†''[[Eogale]]''
|2=†[[Miacis sp. (CM 67873 & CM 77299)|''"Miacis"'' sp. (''CM 67873'' & ''CM 77299'')]]
|3=†''[[Gracilocyon|Gracilocyon igniculus]]'' |barbegin3=green
|4=†''[[Gracilocyon|Gracilocyon winkleri]]'' |bar4=green
}}
|2=†''[[Gracilocyon|Gracilocyon solei]]'' |bar2=green
|barend3=green
|3={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1=†''[[Gracilocyon|Gracilocyon rosei]]''
|2=†''[[Gracilocyon|Gracilocyon rundlei]]''
}}
|4=†''[[Paramiacis]]''
|5=†''[[Paroodectes]]''
|6={{Uline|c=yellow|&nbsp;†''[[Oodectes|Oodectes jepseni]]''&nbsp;}}
|footer={{Uline|c=yellow|&nbsp;†''[[Oodectes]]''&nbsp;}} |footerstyle=text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;
}}
|2={{Uline|c=yellow|&nbsp;†''[[Oodectes|Oodectes herpestoides]]''&nbsp;}}
|3={{Uline|c=yellow|&nbsp;†''[[Oodectes|Oodectes proximus]]''&nbsp;}}
|4={{Uline|c=yellow|&nbsp;†''[[Oodectes|Oodectes pugnax]]''&nbsp;}}
}}
|2={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon hookeri]]''&nbsp;}}
}}
|2={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon rudis]]''&nbsp;}}
|footer={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon]]''&nbsp;}} |footerstyle=text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;
}}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=blue
|1={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon massetericus]]''&nbsp;}}
|2={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon vorax]]''&nbsp;}}
}}
|3={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon asodes]]''&nbsp;}}
|4={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon edax]]''&nbsp;}}
|5={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=blue
|1={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon acutus]]''&nbsp;}}
|2={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon jugulans]]''&nbsp;}}
}}
|6={{clade
|thickness=2 |thickness2=1 |color=blue |color2=black
|1={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon|Uintacyon gingerichi]]''&nbsp;}}
|2=†''[[Xinyuictis]]''
}}
|7=†''[[Zodiocyon]]''
|8={{clade
|1=†''[[Miocyon]]''
|2=†''[[Simamphicyon]]''
}}
|9={{clade
|thickness=2 |thickness2=1 |thickness3=1 |color=blue |color2=black |color3=black
|1={{Uline|c=blue|&nbsp;†[[Uintacyon|''Uintacyon'' sp. (''USGS 1983'')]]&nbsp;}}
|2=†''[[Messelogale]]''
|3=†'''[[Quercygale|Quercygalidae]]'''
}} }}
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|grouplabel1x=†'''''Vulpavus'' група''' |barbegin1=red |barend1=red
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=purple |grouplabel2={{Uline|c=purple|&nbsp;†''[[Vulpavus]]''&nbsp;}}
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=purple
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |thickness1=1 |color=purple |color1=black
|1=†''[[Palaearctonyx]]''
|label2=&nbsp;(†''[[Phlaodectes]]'')&nbsp;
|2=†''[[Vulpavus|Vulpavus ovatus]]'' |barbegin2=purple
}}
|2=†''[[Vulpavus|Vulpavus profectus]]'' |bar2=purple
|3={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=purple
|1=†''[[Vulpavus|Vulpavus australis]]'' |bar1=purple
|2=†''[[Vulpavus|Vulpavus canavus]]'' |bar2=purple
}} }}
|2=†''[[Vulpavus|Vulpavus completus]]'' |bar2=purple
|3=†''[[Vulpavus|Vulpavus farsonensis]]'' |bar3=purple
|4=†''[[Vulpavus|Vulpavus palustris]]'' |barend4=purple
}}
|2=†''[[Vassacyon]]''
}}
|2={{clade
|thickness1=2 |label1=&nbsp;†'''''Dormaalocyon'''''&nbsp;
|1=†''Dormaalocyon latouri'' [[File:Dormaalocyon-latouri (white background).jpg|50px]]
|2=†''[[Miacis exiguus|"Miacis" exiguus]]''
}} }}
|2=†''[[Miacis deutschi|"Miacis" deutschi]]''
}}
|3=†''[[Africtis]]''
|label4=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state4=dotted
|4=†[[Carnivoraformes undet. Genus B (SDSNH 56335)|Carnivoraformes undet. Genus B (''SDSNH 56335'')]]
|5=†''[[Dawsonicyon]]''
|6=†''[[Miacis boqinghensis|"Miacis" boqinghensis]]''
|7=†''[[Miacis invictus|"Miacis" invictus]]''
|8=†''[[Miacis latidens|"Miacis" latidens]]''
|9=†''[[Miacis petilus|"Miacis" petilus]]''
|10={{clade
|thickness1=2 |label1=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state1=dotted
|1=†[[Carnivoraformes undet. Genus A (UCMP 110072)|Carnivoraformes undet. Genus A (''UCMP 110072'')]]
|2=†''[[Miacis]]'' [[File:Miacis restoration.jpg|50px]]
}}
|11={{clade
|thickness2=2
|1={{clade
|1=†''[[Lycarion]]''
|2=†''[[Miacis hargeri|"Miacis" hargeri]]''
}}
|label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
|2=†''[[Ceruttia]]''
|3=†''[[Miacis lushiensis|"Miacis" lushiensis]]''
|4=†''[[Neovulpavus]]''
|5={{clade
|1=†''[[Harpalodon]]''
|2=†''[[Prodaphaenus]]''
|3={{clade
|thickness3=2
|1={{clade
|1=†''[[Miacis gracilis|"Miacis" gracilis]]''
|2=†''[[Procynodictis]]''
}}
|2=†''[[Tapocyon]]''
|label3=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state3=dotted
|3=†''[[Walshius]]''
|label4=&nbsp;&nbsp; |sublabel4=&nbsp;&nbsp;
|4=[[Carnivora|'''Carnivora''' {{small|(''sensu stricto'')}}]] [[File:Dogs,_jackals,_wolves,_and_foxes_(Plate_XI).jpg|50px]]
}} }} }} }} }} }}


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Mammal classification]]
*[[Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences]]
* [[Carnivoraformes]]
* [[Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|2}}


{{Miacoidea|C.|state=collapsed}}
{{Miacoidea|C.|state=collapsed}}

Revision as of 19:37, 1 January 2023

Dormaalocyon
Temporal range: 56.0–55.2 Ma
↓
 Early Eocene[1]
Life restoration of Dormaalocyon latouri
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Clade: Pan-Carnivora
Clade: Carnivoramorpha
Clade: Carnivoraformes
Genus: †Dormaalocyon
Solé, 2014[2]
Type species
†Dormaalocyon latouri
Quinet, 1966[3]
Synonyms
synonyms of species:
  • D. latouri:
    • Miacis latouri (Quinet, 1966)

Dormaalocyon ("dog from Dormaal") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from clade Carnivoraformes, that lived in Europe during early Eocene.[2][4] Type species, Dormaalocyon latouri was discovered when fossils were unearthed in the village of Dormaal, near Zoutleeuw, in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant.[5][6]

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of genus Dormaalocyon are shown in the following cladogram:[7][2][4][8]

 Carnivoramorpha 
 †Viverravidae 
 sensu lato 
 ? 

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 31176)

 ? 

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (USNM 538395)

 ? 

†"Sinopa" insectivorus

 Carnivoraformes 

†Africtis

 ? 

†Carnivoraformes undet. Genus B (SDSNH 56335)

†Dawsonicyon

†"Miacis" boqinghensis

†"Miacis" invictus

†"Miacis" latidens

†"Miacis" petilus

†Gracilocyon/Oodectes clade
†Vulpavus clade
 (Carnivora [sensu lato]) 

See also

References

  1. ^ "PBDB". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2021-07-24.
  2. ^ a b c Solé, Floréal; Smith, Richard; Coillot, Tiphaine; de Bast, Eric; Smith, Thierry (2014). "Dental and tarsal anatomy of Miacis latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 1–21. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.793195. ISSN 0272-4634.
  3. ^ G. E. Quinet (1966) "Les mammifères du Landénien continental belge, second tome. Etude de la morphologie dentaire comparée des carnivores de Dormaal." Mémoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles Belges, 158:1-64.
  4. ^ a b Solé, Floréal; Smith, Thierry; De Bast, Eric; Codrea, Vlad; Gheerbrant, Emmanuel (2016). "New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (2): e1082480. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480. ISSN 0272-4634.
  5. ^ Pappas, Stephanie. "Tiny ancestor of lions and tigers and bears discovered (Oh my!)". NBC News. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  6. ^ "Ancient carnivore ancestor a tiny woodland mammal". CBC. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  7. ^ Flynn, John J.; Finarelli, John A.; Spaulding, Michelle (2010). "Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations". In Goswami, Anjali; Friscia, Anthony (eds.). Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function. Cambridge University Press. pp. 25–63. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003. ISBN 9781139193436.
  8. ^ Tomiya, S.; Zack, S. P.; Spaulding, M.; Flynn, J. J. (2021). "Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world". Journal of Paleontology. 95 (Supplement S82): 1–115. doi:10.1017/jpa.2020.74.
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