List of current cardinals: Difference between revisions

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Cardinals are senior members of the clergy of the Catholic Church. They are almost always bishops and generally hold important roles within the church, such as leading prominent archdioceses or heading dicasteries within the Roman Curia. Cardinals are created in consistories by the pope, and one of their foremost duties is the election of a new pope – invariably from among their number, although not strictly a requirement – when the Holy See is vacant (sede vacante), following the death or resignation of the reigning pontiff. The body of all cardinals is collectively known as the College of Cardinals.^[1]^[2]

Under current ecclesiastical law, as defined by the apostolic constitution Universi Dominici gregis, only cardinals who have not passed their 80th birthdays on the day on which the Holy See becomes vacant are eligible to participate in a papal conclave to elect a new pope.^[3]

The same apostolic constitution also specifies a maximum of 120 cardinal electors who can participate in a conclave, but makes no provision in case this number is exceeded;^[3] this has often happened, although never at the time of a conclave. Cardinals may also be created in pectore (reserved 'in the breast'), in which case their identities are not publicly revealed by the pope; they do not enjoy the privileges of a cardinal until their names are published. The creations of any such cardinals who have not been revealed at the pope's death or resignation automatically lapse.^[1]^[4]

As of 14 January 2023,^[update] there are 223 cardinals, 124 of whom are cardinal electors. The most recent consistory for the creation of cardinals was held on 27 August 2022, when Pope Francis created 20 cardinals, including 16 cardinal electors.^[5]^[6]^[7] Angelo Bagnasco was the most recent cardinal elector to turn 80, on 14 January 2023; and Domenico Calcagno will be the next cardinal elector to turn 80, on 3 February 2023. The most recent death of a cardinal was that of George Pell, on 10 January 2023, at the age of 81.^[8]

Cardinals

The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders, with formal precedence in the following sequence:^[1]

Cardinal bishops (CB): the six cardinals who are assigned the titles of the seven suburbicarian dioceses in the vicinity of Rome by the pope,^[a] plus a few other cardinals who have been exceptionally co-opted into the order,^[11]^[12] as well as patriarchs who head one of the Eastern Catholic Churches.^[10]^[13] The two most senior cardinal bishops, who are elected by the cardinal bishops from among themselves (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs) and approved by the pope, are the dean and the vice dean,^[1] currently Giovanni Battista Re and Leonardo Sandri, respectively. The latter is also the senior cardinal bishop among the cardinal electors.^[b]
Cardinal priests (CP): bishops typically in charge of dioceses around the world, as well as former cardinal deacons who have opted to be elevated to the order.^[14] The most senior cardinal priest is the protopriest, currently Michael Michai Kitbunchu; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal priest is Vinko Puljić.^[b]
Cardinal deacons (CD): bishops who work in the Roman Curia or the diplomatic service of the Holy See, and all other clergy, including priests who have been granted a dispensation not to be consecrated a bishop. They have the choice (Template:Lang-la) of opting to become cardinal priests after having been cardinal deacons for ten years.^[1]^[15] The most senior cardinal deacon is the protodeacon, currently Renato Raffaele Martino; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal deacon is James Michael Harvey and the junior cardinal deacon is Fernando Vérgez Alzaga.^[b]

For cardinal bishops (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs), the dean is first in precedence, followed by the vice-dean and then, in order of appointment as cardinal bishops, by the remainder. For cardinal bishops who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, for cardinal priests and for cardinal deacons, precedence is determined by the date of the consistory in which they were created cardinals and then by the order in which they appeared in the official announcement or bulletin.

All cardinals listed are members of the Latin Church unless otherwise stated. Cardinals belonging to institutes of consecrated life or to societies of apostolic life are indicated by the relevant post-nominal letters.

* Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave

Rank	Name	Country	Born	Order	Consistory	Office	Ref.
1	Giovanni Battista Re*	Italy	30 January 1934 (age 90)	CB	21 February 2001^[i] John Paul II	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Bishops	^[17]
2	Leonardo Sandri	Argentina	18 November 1943 (age 81)	CB	24 November 2007^[ii] Benedict XVI	Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches	^[18]
3	Francis Arinze*	Nigeria	1 November 1932 (age 92)	CB	25 May 1985^[iii] John Paul II	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments	^[19]
4	Tarcisio Bertone SDB*	Italy	2 December 1934 (age 90)	CB	21 October 2003^[iv] John Paul II	Secretary of State emeritus and Camerlengo emeritus of the Holy Roman Church	^[20]
5	José Saraiva Martins CMF*	Portugal	6 January 1932 (age 92)	CB	21 February 2001^[v] John Paul II	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints	^[21]
6	Pietro Parolin	Italy	17 January 1955 (age 69)	CB	22 February 2014^[vi] Francis	Secretary of State	^[22]
7	Marc Ouellet PSS	Canada	8 June 1944 (age 80)	CB	21 October 2003^[vi] John Paul II	Prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops	^[23]
8	Fernando Filoni	Italy	15 April 1946 (age 78)	CB	18 February 2012^[vii] Benedict XVI	Grand Master of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre	^[24]
9	Beniamino Stella*	Italy	18 August 1941 (age 83)	CB	22 February 2014^[viii] Francis	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Clergy	^[25]
10	Luis Antonio Gokim Tagle	Philippines	21 June 1957 (age 67)	CB	24 November 2012^[ix] Benedict XVI	Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Evangelization	^[26]
11	Béchara Boutros Raï OMM*	Lebanon	25 February 1940 (age 84)	CB	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI	Patriarch of Antioch (Maronite Church)	^[27]
12	Louis Raphaël I Sako	Iraq	4 July 1948 (age 76)	CB	28 June 2018 Francis	Patriarch of Baghdad (Chaldean Catholic Church)	^[28]
13	Michael Michai Kitbunchu*	Thailand	25 January 1929 (age 95)	CP	2 February 1983 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Bangkok	^[29]
14	Alexandre do Nascimento*	Angola	1 March 1925 (age 99)	CP	2 February 1983 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Luanda	^[30]
15	Thomas Stafford Williams*	New Zealand	20 March 1930 (age 94)	CP	2 February 1983 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Wellington	^[31]
16	Paul Poupard*	France	30 August 1930 (age 94)	CP	25 May 1985^[x] John Paul II	President emeritus of the Pontifical Councils for Culture and for Interreligious Dialogue	^[32]
17	Friedrich Wetter*	Germany	20 February 1928 (age 96)	CP	25 May 1985 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Munich and Freising	^[33]
18	Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez*	Dominican Republic	31 October 1936 (age 88)	CP	28 June 1991 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Santo Domingo	^[34]
19	Roger Michael Mahony*	United States	27 February 1936 (age 88)	CP	28 June 1991 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Los Angeles	^[35]
20	Camillo Ruini*	Italy	19 February 1931 (age 93)	CP	28 June 1991 John Paul II	Vicar General emeritus for Rome and Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran	^[36]
21	Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja SJ*	Indonesia	20 December 1934 (age 90)	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Jakarta	^[37]
22	Emmanuel Wamala*	Uganda	15 December 1926 (age 98)	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Kampala	^[38]
23	Adam Joseph Maida*	United States	18 March 1930 (age 94)	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Detroit	^[39]
24	Vinko Puljić	Bosnia and Herzegovina	8 September 1945 (age 79)	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Vrhbosna	^[40]
25	Juan Sandoval Íñiguez*	Mexico	28 March 1933 (age 91)	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Guadalajara	^[41]
26	James Francis Stafford*	United States	26 July 1932 (age 92)	CP	21 February 1998^[xi] John Paul II	Major Penitentiary emeritus	^[42]
27	Salvatore De Giorgi*	Italy	6 September 1930 (age 94)	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Palermo	^[43]
28	Antonio María Rouco Varela*	Spain	20 August 1936 (age 88)	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Madrid	^[44]
29	Polycarp Pengo	Tanzania	5 August 1944 (age 80)	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Dar-es-Salaam	^[45]
30	Christoph Schönborn OP	Austria	22 January 1945 (age 79)	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Vienna	^[46]
31	Norberto Rivera Carrera*	Mexico	6 June 1942 (age 82)	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Mexico	^[47]
32	Jānis Pujats*	Latvia	14 November 1930 (age 94)	CP	21 February 1998^[c] John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Riga	^[48]
33	Sergio Sebastiani*	Italy	11 April 1931 (age 93)	CP	21 February 2001^[xii] John Paul II	President emeritus of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See	^[49]
34	Crescenzio Sepe	Italy	2 June 1943 (age 81)	CP	21 February 2001^[xiii] John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Naples	^[50]
35	Walter Kasper*	Germany	5 March 1933 (age 91)	CP	21 February 2001^[xii] John Paul II	President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity	^[51]
36	Geraldo Majella Agnelo*	Brazil	19 October 1933 (age 91)	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of São Salvador da Bahia	^[52]
37	Pedro Rubiano Sáenz*	Colombia	13 September 1932 (age 92)	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Bogotá	^[53]
38	Audrys Juozas Bačkis*	Lithuania	1 February 1937 (age 87)	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Vilnius	^[54]
39	Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa ISch*	Chile	5 September 1933 (age 91)	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile	^[55]
40	Wilfrid Fox Napier OFM*	South Africa	8 March 1941 (age 83)	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Durban	^[56]
41	Óscar Andrés Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB*	Honduras	29 December 1942 (age 81)	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Tegucigalpa and Coordinator of the Council of Cardinals	^[57]
42	Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne	Peru	28 December 1943 (age 80)	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Lima	^[58]
43	Julián Herranz Casado*	Spain	31 March 1930 (age 94)	CP	21 October 2003^[xiv] John Paul II	President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts	^[59]
44	Angelo Scola*	Italy	7 November 1941 (age 83)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Milan	^[60]
45	Anthony Olubunmi Okogie*	Nigeria	16 June 1936 (age 88)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Lagos	^[61]
46	Gabriel Zubeir Wako*	Sudan	27 February 1941 (age 83)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Khartoum	^[62]
47	Justin Francis Rigali*	United States	19 April 1935 (age 89)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Philadelphia	^[63]
48	Ennio Antonelli*	Italy	18 November 1936 (age 88)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Family	^[64]
49	Peter Kodwo Appiah Turkson	Ghana	11 October 1948 (age 76)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Chancellor of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences	^[65]
50	Telesphore Placidus Toppo*	India	15 October 1939 (age 85)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Ranchi	^[66]
51	Josip Bozanić	Croatia	20 March 1949 (age 75)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Zagreb	^[67]
52	Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn*	Vietnam	5 March 1934 (age 90)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Ho Chi Minh City	^[68]
53	Philippe Barbarin	France	17 October 1950 (age 74)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Lyon	^[69]
54	Péter Erdő	Hungary	25 June 1952 (age 72)	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Esztergom–Budapest	^[70]
55	Franc Rodé CM*	Slovenia	23 September 1934 (age 90)	CP	24 March 2006^[xv] Benedict XVI	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life	^[71]
56	Agostino Vallini*	Italy	17 April 1940 (age 84)	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI	Pontifical Legate for the Basilicas of Saint Francis and Saint Mary of the Angels in Assisi	^[72]
57	Gaudencio Borbon Rosales*	Philippines	10 August 1932 (age 92)	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Manila	^[73]
58	Jean-Pierre Ricard	France	25 September 1944 (age 80)	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Bordeaux	^[74]
59	Antonio Cañizares Llovera	Spain	15 October 1945 (age 79)	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Valencia	^[75]
60	Seán Patrick O'Malley OFMCap	United States	29 June 1944 (age 80)	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Boston and President of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors	^[76]
61	Stanisław Dziwisz*	Poland	27 April 1939 (age 85)	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Kraków	^[77]
62	Joseph Zen Ze-kiun SDB*	Hong Kong (China)^[d]	13 January 1932 (age 92)	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI	Bishop emeritus of Hong Kong	^[78]
63	Giovanni Lajolo*	Italy	3 January 1935 (age 89)	CP	24 November 2007^[xvi] Benedict XVI	President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State	^[79]
64	Paul Josef Cordes*	Germany	5 September 1934 (age 90)	CP	24 November 2007^[xvi] Benedict XVI	President emeritus of the Pontifical Council Cor Unum	^[80]
65	Angelo Comastri	Italy	17 September 1943 (age 81)	CP	24 November 2007^[xvi] Benedict XVI	Vicar General emeritus for Vatican City, Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President emeritus of the Fabric of Saint Peter	^[81]
66	Stanisław Ryłko	Poland	4 July 1945 (age 79)	CP	24 November 2007^[xvi] Benedict XVI	Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major	^[82]
67	Raffaele Farina SDB*	Italy	24 September 1933 (age 91)	CP	24 November 2007^[xvi] Benedict XVI	Archivist and Librarian emeritus of the Holy Roman Church	^[83]
68	Seán Baptist Brady*	Ireland^[e]	16 August 1939 (age 85)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Armagh	^[84]
69	Lluís Martínez Sistach*	Spain	29 April 1937 (age 87)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Barcelona	^[85]
70	André Vingt-Trois*	France	7 November 1942 (age 82)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Paris	^[86]
71	Angelo Bagnasco	Italy	14 January 1943 (age 81)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Genoa	^[87]
72	Théodore-Adrien Sarr*	Senegal	28 November 1936 (age 88)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Dakar	^[88]
73	Oswald Gracias	India	24 December 1944 (age 79)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Bombay	^[89]
74	Francisco Robles Ortega	Mexico	2 March 1949 (age 75)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Guadalajara	^[90]
75	Daniel Nicholas DiNardo	United States	23 May 1949 (age 75)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Galveston–Houston	^[91]
76	Odilo Pedro Scherer	Brazil	21 September 1949 (age 75)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of São Paulo	^[92]
77	John Njue	Kenya	1944^[f] (age 79–80)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Nairobi	^[93]
78	Estanislao Esteban Karlic*	Argentina	7 February 1926 (age 98)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Paraná	^[94]
79	Angelo Amato SDB*	Italy	8 June 1938 (age 86)	CP	20 November 2010^[xvii] Benedict XVI	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints	^[95]
80	Robert Sarah	Guinea	15 June 1945 (age 79)	CP	20 November 2010^[xvii] Benedict XVI	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments	^[96]
81	Francesco Monterisi*	Italy	28 May 1934 (age 90)	CP	20 November 2010^[xvii] Benedict XVI	Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls	^[97]
82	Raymond Leo Burke	United States	30 June 1948 (age 76)	CP	20 November 2010^[xvii] Benedict XVI	Patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta	^[98]
83	Kurt Koch	Switzerland	15 March 1950 (age 74)	CP	20 November 2010^[xvii] Benedict XVI	Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity	^[99]
84	Mauro Piacenza	Italy	15 September 1944 (age 80)	CP	20 November 2010^[xvii] Benedict XVI	Major Penitentiary	^[100]
85	Gianfranco Ravasi*	Italy	18 October 1942 (age 82)	CP	20 November 2010^[xvii] Benedict XVI	President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Culture	^[101]
86	Paolo Romeo*	Italy	20 February 1938 (age 86)	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Palermo	^[102]
87	Donald William Wuerl*	United States	12 November 1940 (age 84)	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Washington	^[103]
88	Raymundo Damasceno Assis*	Brazil	15 February 1937 (age 87)	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Aparecida	^[104]
89	Kazimierz Nycz	Poland	1 February 1950 (age 74)	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Warsaw	^[105]
90	Albert Malcolm Ranjith Patabendige Don	Sri Lanka	15 November 1947 (age 77)	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Colombo	^[106]
91	Reinhard Marx	Germany	21 September 1953 (age 71)	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Coordinator of the Council for the Economy	^[107]
92	Walter Brandmüller*	Germany	5 January 1929 (age 95)	CP	20 November 2010^[xvii] Benedict XVI	President emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences	^[108]
93	Manuel Monteiro de Castro*	Portugal	29 March 1938 (age 86)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	Major Penitentiary emeritus	^[109]
94	Santos Abril y Castelló*	Spain	21 September 1935 (age 89)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major	^[110]
95	Antonio Maria Vegliò*	Italy	3 February 1938 (age 86)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People	^[111]
96	Giuseppe Bertello*	Italy	1 October 1942 (age 82)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State	^[112]
97	Francesco Coccopalmerio*	Italy	6 March 1938 (age 86)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts	^[113]
98	João Braz de Aviz	Brazil	24 April 1947 (age 77)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	Prefect of the Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life	^[114]
99	Edwin Frederick O'Brien*	United States	8 April 1939 (age 85)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	Grand Master emeritus of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre	^[115]
100	Domenico Calcagno	Italy	3 February 1943 (age 81)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	President emeritus of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See	^[116]
101	Giuseppe Versaldi	Italy	30 July 1943 (age 81)	CP	18 February 2012^[xviii] Benedict XVI	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Catholic Education	^[117]
102	George Alencherry	India	19 April 1945 (age 79)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Major Archbishop of Ernakulam–Angamaly (Syro-Malabar Catholic Church)	^[118]
103	Thomas Christopher Collins	Canada	16 January 1947 (age 77)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Toronto	^[119]
104	Dominik Duka OP	Czech Republic	26 April 1943 (age 81)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Prague	^[120]
105	Willem Jacobus Eijk	Netherlands	22 June 1953 (age 71)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Utrecht	^[121]
106	Giuseppe Betori	Italy	25 February 1947 (age 77)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Florence	^[122]
107	Timothy Michael Dolan	United States	6 February 1950 (age 74)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of New York	^[123]
108	Rainer Maria Woelki	Germany	18 August 1956 (age 68)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Archbishop of Cologne	^[124]
109	John Tong Hon*	Hong Kong (China)^[d]	31 July 1939 (age 85)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Bishop emeritus of Hong Kong	^[125]
110	Lucian Mureșan*	Romania	23 May 1931 (age 93)	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI	Major Archbishop of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia (Romanian Greek Catholic Church)	^[126]
111	Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal	India	15 June 1959 (age 65)	CP	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI	Major Archbishop of Trivandrum (Syro-Malankara Catholic Church)	^[127]
112	John Olorunfemi Onaiyekan	Nigeria	29 January 1944 (age 80)	CP	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Abuja	^[128]
113	Rubén Salazar Gómez*	Colombia	22 September 1942 (age 82)	CP	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI	Archbishop emeritus of Bogotá	^[129]
114	Vincent Gerard Nichols	United Kingdom	8 November 1945 (age 79)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop of Westminster	^[130]
115	Leopoldo José Brenes Solórzano	Nicaragua	7 March 1949 (age 75)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop of Managua	^[131]
116	Gérald Cyprien Lacroix ISPX	Canada	27 July 1957 (age 67)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop of Quebec	^[132]
117	Jean-Pierre Kutwa	Ivory Coast	22 December 1945 (age 78)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop of Abidjan	^[133]
118	Orani João Tempesta OCist	Brazil	23 June 1950 (age 74)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro	^[134]
119	Gualtiero Bassetti*	Italy	7 April 1942 (age 82)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Perugia–Città della Pieve	^[135]
120	Mario Aurelio Poli	Argentina	29 November 1947 (age 77)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop of Buenos Aires	^[136]
121	Andrew Yeom Soo-jung	South Korea	5 December 1943 (age 81)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Seoul	^[137]
122	Ricardo Ezzati Andrello SDB*	Chile	7 January 1942 (age 82)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile	^[138]
123	Philippe Nakellentuba Ouédraogo	Burkina Faso	25 January 1945 (age 79)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop of Ouagadougou	^[139]
124	Orlando Beltran Quevedo OMI*	Philippines	11 March 1939 (age 85)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Cotabato	^[140]
125	Chibly Langlois	Haiti	29 November 1958 (age 66)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Bishop of Les Cayes	^[141]
126	Kelvin Edward Felix*	Saint Lucia	15 February 1933 (age 91)	CP	22 February 2014 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Castries	^[142]
127	Manuel José Macário do Nascimento Clemente	Portugal	16 July 1948 (age 76)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Patriarch of Lisbon	^[143]
128	Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel CM	Ethiopia	14 July 1948 (age 76)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop of Addis Abeba (Ethiopian Catholic Church)	^[144]
129	John Atcherley Dew	New Zealand	5 May 1948 (age 76)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop of Wellington	^[145]
130	Edoardo Menichelli*	Italy	14 October 1939 (age 85)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Ancona–Osimo	^[146]
131	Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn*	Vietnam	1 April 1938 (age 86)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Hanoi	^[147]
132	Alberto Suárez Inda*	Mexico	30 January 1939 (age 85)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Morelia	^[148]
133	Charles Maung Bo SDB	Myanmar	29 October 1948 (age 76)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop of Yangon	^[149]
134	Francis Xavier Kriengsak Kovithavanij	Thailand	27 June 1949 (age 75)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop of Bangkok	^[150]
135	Francesco Montenegro	Italy	22 May 1946 (age 78)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Agrigento	^[151]
136	Daniel Fernando Sturla Berhouet SDB	Uruguay	4 July 1959 (age 65)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop of Montevideo	^[152]
137	Ricardo Blázquez Pérez*	Spain	13 April 1942 (age 82)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Valladolid	^[153]
138	José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán OAR	Panama	24 February 1944 (age 80)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Bishop of David	^[154]
139	Arlindo Gomes Furtado	Cape Verde	15 November 1949 (age 75)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Bishop of Santiago de Cabo Verde	^[155]
140	Soane Patita Paini Mafi	Tonga	19 December 1961 (age 63)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Bishop of Tonga	^[156]
141	Luis Héctor Villalba*	Argentina	11 October 1934 (age 90)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Tucumán	^[157]
142	Júlio Duarte Langa*	Mozambique	27 October 1927 (age 97)	CP	14 February 2015 Francis	Bishop emeritus of Xai-Xai	^[158]
143	Dieudonné Nzapalainga CSSp	Central African Republic	14 March 1967 (age 57)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of Bangui	^[159]
144	Carlos Osoro Sierra	Spain	16 May 1945 (age 79)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of Madrid	^[160]
145	Sérgio da Rocha	Brazil	21 October 1959 (age 65)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia	^[161]
146	Blase Joseph Cupich	United States	19 March 1949 (age 75)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of Chicago	^[162]
147	Patrick D'Rozario CSC	Bangladesh	1 October 1943 (age 81)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Dhaka	^[163]
148	Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo	Venezuela	10 October 1944 (age 80)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of Mérida	^[164]
149	Jozef De Kesel	Belgium	17 June 1947 (age 77)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of Mechelen–Brussels	^[165]
150	Maurice Piat CSSp*	Mauritius	19 July 1941 (age 83)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Bishop of Port-Louis	^[166]
151	Carlos Aguiar Retes	Mexico	9 January 1950 (age 74)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of Mexico	^[167]
152	John Ribat MSC	Papua New Guinea	9 February 1957 (age 67)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of Port Moresby	^[168]
153	Joseph William Tobin CSsR	United States	3 May 1952 (age 72)	CP	19 November 2016 Francis	Archbishop of Newark	^[169]
154	Jean Zerbo	Mali	27 December 1943 (age 80)	CP	28 June 2017 Francis	Archbishop of Bamako	^[170]
155	Juan José Omella Omella	Spain	21 April 1946 (age 78)	CP	28 June 2017 Francis	Archbishop of Barcelona	^[171]
156	Anders Arborelius OCD	Sweden	24 September 1949 (age 75)	CP	28 June 2017 Francis	Bishop of Stockholm	^[172]
157	Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun IVD	Laos	8 April 1944 (age 80)	CP	28 June 2017 Francis	Apostolic Vicar of Vientiane	^[173]
158	Gregorio Rosa Chávez*	El Salvador	3 September 1942 (age 82)	CP	28 June 2017 Francis	Auxiliary Bishop emeritus of San Salvador	^[174]
159	Angelo De Donatis	Italy	4 January 1954 (age 70)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis	Vicar General for Rome and Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran	^[175]
160	Joseph Coutts	Pakistan	21 July 1945 (age 79)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Karachi	^[176]
161	António Augusto dos Santos Marto	Portugal	5 May 1947 (age 77)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis	Bishop emeritus of Leiria–Fátima	^[177]
162	Pedro Ricardo Barreto Jimeno SJ	Peru	12 February 1944 (age 80)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis	Archbishop of Huancayo	^[178]
163	Désiré Tsarahazana	Madagascar	13 June 1954 (age 70)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis	Archbishop of Toamasina	^[179]
164	Giuseppe Petrocchi	Italy	19 August 1948 (age 76)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis	Archbishop of L'Aquila	^[180]
165	Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda	Japan	3 March 1949 (age 75)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis	Archbishop of Osaka	^[181]
166	Toribio Ticona Porco*	Bolivia	25 April 1937 (age 87)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis	Bishop Prelate emeritus of Corocoro	^[182]
167	Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo	Indonesia	9 July 1950 (age 74)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Archbishop of Jakarta	^[183]
168	Juan de la Caridad García Rodríguez	Cuba	11 July 1948 (age 76)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Archbishop of San Cristóbal de la Habana	^[184]
169	Fridolin Ambongo Besungu OFMCap	Democratic Republic of the Congo	24 January 1960 (age 64)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Archbishop of Kinshasa	^[185]
170	Jean-Claude Hollerich SJ	Luxembourg	9 August 1958 (age 66)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Archbishop of Luxembourg	^[186]
171	Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri	Guatemala	16 July 1947 (age 77)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Bishop of Huehuetenango	^[187]
172	Matteo Maria Zuppi	Italy	11 October 1955 (age 69)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Archbishop of Bologna	^[188]
173	Cristóbal López Romero SDB	Morocco	19 May 1952 (age 72)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Archbishop of Rabat	^[189]
174	Sigitas Tamkevičius SJ*	Lithuania	7 November 1938 (age 86)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Kaunas	^[190]
175	Eugenio Dal Corso PSDP*	Angola	16 May 1939 (age 85)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis	Bishop emeritus of Benguela	^[191]
176	Antoine Kambanda	Rwanda	10 November 1958 (age 66)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis	Archbishop of Kigali	^[192]
177	Wilton Daniel Gregory	United States	7 December 1947 (age 77)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis	Archbishop of Washington	^[193]
178	Jose Fuerte Advincula	Philippines	30 March 1952 (age 72)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis	Archbishop of Manila	^[194]
179	Celestino Aós Braco OFMCap	Chile	6 April 1945 (age 79)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis	Archbishop of Santiago de Chile	^[195]
180	Augusto Paolo Lojudice	Italy	1 July 1964 (age 60)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis	Archbishop of Siena–Colle di Val d'Elsa–Montalcino and Bishop of Montepulciano–Chiusi–Pienza	^[196]
181	Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel*	Mexico	1 May 1940 (age 84)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis	Bishop emeritus of San Cristóbal de Las Casas	^[197]
182	Jean-Marc Aveline	France	26 December 1958 (age 65)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop of Marseille	^[198]
183	Peter Ebere Okpaleke	Nigeria	1 March 1963 (age 61)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Bishop of Ekwulobia	^[199]
184	Leonardo Ulrich Steiner OFM	Brazil	6 November 1950 (age 74)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop of Manaus	^[200]
185	Filipe Neri António Sebastião do Rosário Ferrão	India	20 January 1953 (age 71)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop of Goa and Daman and Patriarch of the East Indies	^[201]
186	Robert Walter McElroy	United States	5 February 1954 (age 70)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Bishop of San Diego	^[202]
187	Virgilio do Carmo da Silva SDB	East Timor	27 November 1967 (age 57)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop of Díli	^[203]
188	Oscar Cantoni	Italy	1 September 1950 (age 74)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Bishop of Como	^[204]
189	Anthony Poola	India	15 November 1961 (age 63)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop of Hyderabad	^[205]
190	Paulo Cezar Costa	Brazil	20 July 1967 (age 57)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop of Brasília	^[206]
191	William Goh Seng Chye	Singapore	25 June 1957 (age 67)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop of Singapore	^[207]
192	Adalberto Martínez Flores	Paraguay	8 July 1951 (age 73)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop of Asunción	^[208]
193	Giorgio Marengo IMC	Mongolia	7 June 1974 (age 50)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Apostolic Prefect of Ulaanbaatar	^[209]
194	Jorge Enrique Jiménez Carvajal CJM*	Colombia	29 March 1942 (age 82)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Cartagena	^[210]
195	Arrigo Miglio*	Italy	18 July 1942 (age 82)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis	Archbishop emeritus of Cagliari	^[211]
196	Renato Raffaele Martino*	Italy	23 November 1932 (age 92)	CD	21 October 2003 John Paul II	President emeritus of the Pontifical Councils for Justice and Peace and for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People	^[212]
197	James Michael Harvey	United States	20 October 1949 (age 75)	CD	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI	Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls	^[213]
198	Lorenzo Baldisseri*	Italy	29 September 1940 (age 84)	CD	22 February 2014 Francis	Secretary-General emeritus of the Synod of Bishops	^[214]
199	Gerhard Ludwig Müller	Germany	31 December 1947 (age 76)	CD	22 February 2014 Francis	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith	^[215]
200	Dominique Mamberti	France	7 March 1952 (age 72)	CD	14 February 2015 Francis	Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura	^[216]
201	Karl-Josef Rauber*	Germany	11 April 1934 (age 90)	CD	14 February 2015 Francis	Apostolic Nuncio emeritus to Belgium and to Luxembourg	^[217]
202	Mario Zenari	Italy	5 January 1946 (age 78)	CD	19 November 2016 Francis	Apostolic Nuncio to Syria	^[218]
203	Kevin Joseph Farrell	United States	2 September 1947 (age 77)	CD	19 November 2016 Francis	Prefect of the Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church	^[219]
204	Ernest Simoni*	Albania	18 October 1928 (age 96)	CD	19 November 2016 Francis	Priest of the Archdiocese of Shkodër–Pult^[g]	^[220]
205	Luis Francisco Ladaria Ferrer SJ	Spain	19 April 1944 (age 80)	CD	28 June 2018 Francis	Prefect of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith	^[221]
206	Giovanni Angelo Becciu*^[h]	Italy	2 June 1948 (age 76)	CD	28 June 2018 Francis	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints	^[224]
207	Konrad Krajewski	Poland	25 November 1963 (age 61)	CD	28 June 2018 Francis	Almoner of His Holiness	^[225]
208	Aquilino Bocos Merino CMF*	Spain	17 May 1938 (age 86)	CD	28 June 2018 Francis	Superior General emeritus of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary	^[226]
209	Miguel Ángel Ayuso Guixot MCCJ	Spain	17 June 1952 (age 72)	CD	5 October 2019 Francis	Prefect of the Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue	^[227]
210	José Tolentino de Mendonça	Portugal	15 December 1965 (age 59)	CD	5 October 2019 Francis	Prefect of the Dicastery for Culture and Education	^[228]
211	Michael Czerny SJ	Canada	18 July 1946 (age 78)	CD	5 October 2019 Francis	Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development	^[229]
212	Michael Louis Fitzgerald MAfr*	United Kingdom	17 August 1937 (age 87)	CD	5 October 2019 Francis	Apostolic Nuncio emeritus to Egypt	^[230]
213	Mario Grech	Malta	20 February 1957 (age 67)	CD	28 November 2020 Francis	Secretary-General of the Synod of Bishops	^[231]
214	Marcello Semeraro	Italy	22 December 1947 (age 76)	CD	28 November 2020 Francis	Prefect of the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints	^[232]
215	Mauro Gambetti OFMConv	Italy	27 October 1965 (age 59)	CD	28 November 2020 Francis	Vicar General for Vatican City, Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President of the Fabric of Saint Peter	^[233]
216	Silvano Maria Tomasi CS*	Italy	12 October 1940 (age 84)	CD	28 November 2020 Francis	Special Delegate to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta	^[234]
217	Raniero Cantalamessa OFMCap*	Italy	22 July 1934 (age 90)	CD	28 November 2020 Francis	Preacher of the Papal Household^[g]	^[235]
218	Enrico Feroci*	Italy	27 August 1940 (age 84)	CD	28 November 2020 Francis	Pastor of the Shrine of Our Lady of Divine Love in Castel di Leva, Rome	^[236]
219	Arthur Roche	United Kingdom	6 March 1950 (age 74)	CD	27 August 2022 Francis	Prefect of the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments	^[237]
220	Lazzaro You Heung-sik	South Korea	17 November 1951 (age 73)	CD	27 August 2022 Francis	Prefect of the Dicastery for the Clergy	^[238]
221	Fernando Vérgez Alzaga LC	Spain	1 March 1945 (age 79)	CD	27 August 2022 Francis	President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State	^[239]
222	Gianfranco Ghirlanda SJ*	Italy	5 July 1942 (age 82)	CD	27 August 2022 Francis	Rector emeritus of the Pontifical Gregorian University^[g]	^[240]
223	Fortunato Frezza*	Italy	6 February 1942 (age 82)	CD	27 August 2022 Francis	Canon of the Chapter of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter	^[241]

Former cardinals

As of 31 December 2022,^[update] there are two living former cardinals:

Jorge Mario Bergoglio , created a cardinal on 21 February 2001 and elected as Pope Francis on 13 March 2013[242]
Theodore Edgar McCarrick, created a cardinal on 21 February 2001 and resigned from the College of Cardinals following allegations of sexual misconduct on 28 July 2018^[243]^[244]

Demographics of the College of Cardinals

At present, 124 of 223 cardinals are eligible to participate in a papal conclave. The number of votes required to be elected pope with a two-thirds supermajority, if all 124 cardinal electors were to participate (notwithstanding the maximum of 120 specified in Universi Dominici gregis), would be 83.^[3]^[245]

This table indicates the number of current cardinals created by each pope and belonging to each order of the College.

Pope		All cardinals				Cardinal electors
No.	Name	CB	CP	CD	Total	CB	CP	CD	Total
264	John Paul II (1978–2005)	5	42	1	48	1	9	0	10
265	Benedict XVI (2005–2013)	4	59	1	64	3	30	1	34
266	Francis (2013–present)	3	82	26	111	2	64	15	81
Total		12	183	28	223	6	103	16	124

Cardinals by particular church sui iuris

While most cardinals belong to the Latin Church, which encompasses the vast majority of Catholics, a small number of cardinals belong to one of the twenty-three autonomous (sui iuris) Eastern Catholic Churches. At present, there are six Eastern Catholic cardinals, including four cardinal electors, belonging to six particular churches sui iuris:

Béchara Boutros Raï (Maronite Church)
Louis Raphaël I Sako (Chaldean Catholic Church), cardinal elector
George Alencherry (Syro-Malabar Catholic Church), cardinal elector
Lucian Mureșan (Romanian Greek Catholic Church)
Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal (Syro-Malankara Catholic Church), cardinal elector
Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel (Ethiopian Catholic Church), cardinal elector

Particular church sui iuris		All cardinals	Cardinal electors
Latin Church (Western)		217	121
Eastern Churches	Chaldean Catholic Church	1	1
	Ethiopian Catholic Church	1	1
	Maronite Church	1	0
	Romanian Greek Catholic Church	1	0
	Syro-Malabar Catholic Church	1	1
	Syro-Malankara Catholic Church	1	1
	Total	6	4
Total		223	124

Cardinals by institute of consecrated life or society of apostolic life

At present, there are 51 cardinals, including 29 cardinal electors, who are members of the religious life, representing 28 institutes of consecrated life and societies of apostolic life. Common names for members, if different, are given in brackets in this table.

Post-nominal	Institute or society	All cardinals	Cardinal electors
CJM	Congregation of Jesus and Mary (Eudists)	1	0
CM	Congregation of the Mission (Vincentians, Lazarists)	2	1
CMF	Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Claretians)	2	0
CS	Congregation of the Missionaries of Saint Charles Borromeo (Scalabrinians)	1	0
CSC	Congregation of Holy Cross (Holy Cross Fathers)	1	1
CSSp	Congregation of the Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost Fathers, Spiritans)	2	1
CSsR	Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists)	1	1
IMC	Institute of Consolata Missionaries	1	1
ISch	Institute of Schönstatt Fathers	1	0
ISPX	Pius X Secular Institute	1	1
IVD	Voluntas Dei Institute	1	1
LC	Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ	1	1
MAfr	Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers)	1	0
MCCJ	Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus	1	1
MSC	Missionaries of the Sacred Heart	1	1
OAR	Order of Augustinian Recollects	1	1
OCD	Order of Discalced Carmelites	1	1
OCist	Order of Cistercians	1	1
OFM	Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans)	2	1
OFMCap	Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (Capuchins)	4	3
OFMConv	Order of Friars Minor Conventual (Conventual Franciscans)	1	1
OMI	Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (Oblates)	1	0
OMM	Mariamite Maronite Order (Aleppians)	1	0
OP	Order of Preachers (Dominicans)	2	2
PSDP	Poor Servants of Divine Providence	1	0
PSS	Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice (Sulpicians)	1	1
SDB	Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Salesians)	10	4
SJ	Society of Jesus (Jesuits)	7	4
(none)	Secular clergy	172	96
Total		223	124

Cardinals by continent

For the purposes of this article, countries are grouped into continents generally according to the regions of the United Nations geoscheme; for the region of the Americas, North America comprises the subregions of Northern America, Central America and the Caribbean, while South America comprises the remaining subregion of the same name.^[246] Statistics for the global distribution of Catholics are taken from the 2020 edition of the Annuarium Statisticum Ecclesiae (Statistical Yearbook of the Church).^[247]

Continent	All cardinals		Cardinal electors		Percentage of global Catholic population (2020)
Continent	Number	Percentage	Number	Percentage	Percentage of global Catholic population (2020)
Africa	26	11.7%	16	12.9%	19%
North America	35	15.7%	21	16.9%	20%
South America	24	10.8%	14	11.3%	28%
Asia	31	13.9%	21	16.9%	11%
Europe	103	46.2%	50	40.3%	21%
Oceania	4	1.8%	3	2.4%	1%
Total	223	100.0%	124	100.0%	100%

Cardinals by country

At present, 88 countries are represented in the College of Cardinals, including 66 with at least one cardinal elector. The countries with the greatest numbers of cardinals are Italy (forty-seven), the United States (sixteen), and Spain (twelve). Among the cardinal electors, the countries with the greatest numbers are Italy (eighteen), the United States (ten), and Brazil and Spain jointly (six each).

Country	Continent	All cardinals	Cardinal electors
Albania	Europe	1	0
Angola	Africa	2	0
Argentina	South America	4	2
Austria	Europe	1	1
Bangladesh	Asia	1	1
Belgium	Europe	1	1
Bolivia	South America	1	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Europe	1	1
Brazil	South America	8	6
Burkina Faso	Africa	1	1
Canada	North America	4	4
Cape Verde	Africa	1	1
Central African Republic	Africa	1	1
Chile	South America	3	1
Colombia	South America	3	0
Cuba	North America	1	1
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	1	1
Croatia	Europe	1	1
Czech Republic	Europe	1	1
Dominican Republic	North America	1	0
East Timor	Asia	1	1
El Salvador	North America	1	0
Ethiopia	Africa	1	1
France	Europe	6	4
Germany	Europe	8	3
Ghana	Africa	1	1
Guatemala	North America	1	1
Guinea	Africa	1	1
Haiti	North America	1	1
Honduras	North America	1	0
Hong Kong (China)^[d]	Asia	2	0
Hungary	Europe	1	1
India	Asia	6	5
Indonesia	Asia	2	1
Iraq	Asia	1	1
Ireland	Europe	1	0
Italy	Europe	47	18
Ivory Coast	Africa	1	1
Japan	Asia	1	1
Kenya	Africa	1	1
South Korea	Asia	2	2
Laos	Asia	1	1
Latvia	Europe	1	0
Lebanon	Asia	1	0
Lithuania	Europe	2	0
Luxembourg	Europe	1	1
Madagascar	Africa	1	1
Mali	Africa	1	1
Malta	Europe	1	1
Mauritius	Africa	1	0
Mexico	North America	6	2
Mongolia	Asia	1	1
Morocco	Africa	1	1
Mozambique	Africa	1	0
Myanmar	Asia	1	1
Netherlands	Europe	1	1
New Zealand	Oceania	2	1
Nicaragua	North America	1	1
Nigeria	Africa	4	2
Pakistan	Asia	1	1
Panama	North America	1	1
Paraguay	South America	1	1
Papua New Guinea	Oceania	1	1
Peru	South America	2	2
Philippines	Asia	4	2
Poland	Europe	4	3
Portugal	Europe	5	3
Romania	Europe	1	0
Rwanda	Africa	1	1
Saint Lucia	North America	1	0
Senegal	Africa	1	0
Singapore	Asia	1	1
Slovenia	Europe	1	0
South Africa	Africa	1	0
Spain	Europe	12	6
Sri Lanka	Asia	1	1
Sudan	Africa	1	0
Sweden	Europe	1	1
Switzerland	Europe	1	1
Tanzania	Africa	1	1
Thailand	Asia	2	1
Tonga	Oceania	1	1
Uganda	Africa	1	0
United Kingdom	Europe	3	2
United States	North America	16	10
Uruguay	South America	1	1
Venezuela	South America	1	1
Vietnam	Asia	2	0
Total		223	124

Notes

^ The dean of the College of Cardinals holds the title of the Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia ex officio, in addition to his original one when first appointed a cardinal bishop.^[1]^[9]^[10]
^ ^a ^b ^c Among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal bishop, the senior cardinal priest, the senior cardinal deacon and the junior cardinal deacon have specific roles in a papal conclave, such as presiding over the conclave itself (the senior cardinal bishop) or announcing the election of the pope (the senior cardinal deacon).^[3]
^ Pujats was originally created a cardinal in pectore and formally revealed on 21 February 2001.
^ ^a ^b ^c Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China.
^ Brady's territorial jurisdiction as an archbishop also included a part of the United Kingdom.
^ Njue's precise date of birth is unknown.
^ ^a ^b ^c Granted dispensation not to receive episcopal consecration
^ Becciu resigned the rights and privileges of a cardinal on 24 September 2020.^[222]^[223]

^ Originally created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 October 2002^[16]
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018 and co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996 and appointed a cardinal bishop on 25 April 2005
^ Originally created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 10 May 2008
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 24 February 2009
^ ^a ^b Originally created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020
^ Originally created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 1 March 2008
^ ^a ^b Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 21 February 2011
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 May 2006
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 12 June 2014
^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 June 2016
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 3 May 2021
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 4 March 2022

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "The College of Cardinals General Documentazion". Holy See Press Office. 17 February 2014. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
^ Sägmüller, Johannes Baptist (1913). "Cardinal" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Pope John Paul II (22 February 1996). "Universi Dominici Gregis". The Holy See (Apostolic constitution). Vatican Publishing House. Archived from the original on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
^ Boudinhon, Auguste (1913). "In Petto" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^ "Announcement of Consistory on 27 August for the creation of new Cardinals". Holy See Press Office. 29 May 2022. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
^ "Mgr Luc Van Looy, évêque émérite, est dispensé du cardinalat". CathoBel (Press release). Conférence épiscopale de Belgique. 16 June 2022. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
^ "Pope Francis accepts Belgian bishop's request not to be made a cardinal". Catholic News Agency. 16 June 2022. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
^ Yoder, Katie; Wimmer, AC (10 January 2023). "Australian Cardinal George Pell dies at 81". Catholic News Agency. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
^ Pope Pius X (5 May 1914). Edita a Nobis (PDF) (Motu proprio). Acta Apostolicae Sedis (in Latin). Vol. VI. Rome: Vatican Publishing House. pp. 219–220. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via the Holy See.
^ ^a ^b "Cardinal Bishops". EWTN. Archived from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
^ "Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescriptum of the Holy Father Francis by which he has decided to co-opt into the Order of Bishops, equating them in all respects with the Cardinals holding the title of a suburbicarian Church, Cardinals Parolin, Sandri, Ouellet and Filoni". Holy See Press Office. 26 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
^ "Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescritto del Santo Padre Francesco con cui ha deciso di cooptare nell'Ordine dei Vescovi, equiparandolo in tutto ai Cardinali insigniti del titolo di una Chiesa suburbicaria, l'Em.mo Cardinale Luis Antonio G. Tagle" [Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescript of the Holy Father Francis, by which he decides to co-opt into the Order of Bishops His Eminence Cardinal Luis Antonio G. Tagle, equating him in all respects to the Cardinals who have been awarded the title of a suburbicarian Church]. Holy See Press Office (in Italian). 1 May 2020. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
^ Pope Paul VI (11 February 1965). "Ad purpuratorum Patrum Collegium". The Holy See (Motu proprio) (in Latin). Vatican Publishing House. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
^ "Cardinal Priests". EWTN. Archived from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
^ "Cardinal Deacons". EWTN. Archived from the original on 3 September 2022. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
^ "Rinunce e nomine" [Resignations and Appointments]. Holy See Press Office (in Italian). 1 October 2002. Archived from the original on 15 May 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
^ "Re Card. Giovanni Battista". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
^ "Sandri Card. Leonardo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
^ "Arinze Card. Francis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
^ "Bertone Card. Tarcisio, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ "Saraiva Martins Card. José, C.M.F." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
^ "Parolin Card. Pietro". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
^ "Ouellet Card. Marc, P.S.S." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ "Filoni Card. Fernando". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
^ "Stella Card. Beniamino". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
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^ "Williams Card. Thomas Stafford". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
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^ "Ruini Card. Camillo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
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^ "Methodology". United Nations Statistics Division. Geographic Regions. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
^ "Annuario Pontificio 2022 e Annuarium Statisticum Ecclesiae 2020". L'Osservatore Romano (in Italian). 10 February 2022. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 10 February 2022.

External links

Media related to Cardinals at Wikimedia Commons
Holy See Press Office, The College of Cardinals
GCatholic.org, College of Cardinals

[11] The dean of the College of Cardinals holds the title of the Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia ex officio, in addition to his original one when first appointed a cardinal bishop.^[1]^[9]^[10]

[Conclave_roles-15] Among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal bishop, the senior cardinal priest, the senior cardinal deacon and the junior cardinal deacon have specific roles in a papal conclave, such as presiding over the conclave itself (the senior cardinal bishop) or announcing the election of the pope (the senior cardinal deacon).^[3]

[61] Pujats was originally created a cardinal in pectore and formally revealed on 21 February 2001.

[Hong_Kong-96] Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China.

[104] Brady's territorial jurisdiction as an archbishop also included a part of the United Kingdom.

[114] Njue's precise date of birth is unknown.

[Dispensation-244] Granted dispensation not to receive episcopal consecration

[249] Becciu resigned the rights and privileges of a cardinal on 24 September 2020.^[222]^[223]

[19] Originally created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 October 2002^[16]

[21] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018 and co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018

[23] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996 and appointed a cardinal bishop on 25 April 2005

[25] Originally created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 10 May 2008

[27] Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 24 February 2009

[Rescr._2018-06-28_(CP)-29] Originally created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018

[32] Originally created a cardinal deacon; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018

[34] Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020

[36] Originally created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020

[Opt._1996-01-29-43] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996

[Opt._2008-03-01-54] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 1 March 2008

[Opt._2011-02-21-63] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 21 February 2011

[Opt._2006-05-20-65] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 May 2006

[Opt._2014-06-12-75] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 12 June 2014

[Opt._2016-06-20-88] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 June 2016

[Opt._2018-05-19-98] Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018

[Opt._2021-05-03-117] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 3 May 2021

[Opt._2022-03-04-132] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 4 March 2022

[CIC-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "The College of Cardinals General Documentazion". Holy See Press Office. 17 February 2014. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.

[2] Sägmüller, Johannes Baptist (1913). "Cardinal" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

[UDG-3] Pope John Paul II (22 February 1996). "Universi Dominici Gregis". The Holy See (Apostolic constitution). Vatican Publishing House. Archived from the original on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2013.

[4] Boudinhon, Auguste (1913). "In Petto" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

[2022-08-27-5] "Announcement of Consistory on 27 August for the creation of new Cardinals". Holy See Press Office. 29 May 2022. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2022.

[2022-08-27b-6] "Mgr Luc Van Looy, évêque émérite, est dispensé du cardinalat". CathoBel (Press release). Conférence épiscopale de Belgique. 16 June 2022. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2022.

[2022-08-27c-7] "Pope Francis accepts Belgian bishop's request not to be made a cardinal". Catholic News Agency. 16 June 2022. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2022.

[8] Yoder, Katie; Wimmer, AC (10 January 2023). "Australian Cardinal George Pell dies at 81". Catholic News Agency. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.

[9] Pope Pius X (5 May 1914). Edita a Nobis (PDF) (Motu proprio). Acta Apostolicae Sedis (in Latin). Vol. VI. Rome: Vatican Publishing House. pp. 219–220. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via the Holy See.

[EWTN-CB-10] "Cardinal Bishops". EWTN. Archived from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2022.

[12] "Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescriptum of the Holy Father Francis by which he has decided to co-opt into the Order of Bishops, equating them in all respects with the Cardinals holding the title of a suburbicarian Church, Cardinals Parolin, Sandri, Ouellet and Filoni". Holy See Press Office. 26 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2018.

[13] "Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescritto del Santo Padre Francesco con cui ha deciso di cooptare nell'Ordine dei Vescovi, equiparandolo in tutto ai Cardinali insigniti del titolo di una Chiesa suburbicaria, l'Em.mo Cardinale Luis Antonio G. Tagle" [Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescript of the Holy Father Francis, by which he decides to co-opt into the Order of Bishops His Eminence Cardinal Luis Antonio G. Tagle, equating him in all respects to the Cardinals who have been awarded the title of a suburbicarian Church]. Holy See Press Office (in Italian). 1 May 2020. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2020.

[14] Pope Paul VI (11 February 1965). "Ad purpuratorum Patrum Collegium". The Holy See (Motu proprio) (in Latin). Vatican Publishing House. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2018.

[EWTN-CP-16] "Cardinal Priests". EWTN. Archived from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2022.

[EWTN-CD-17] "Cardinal Deacons". EWTN. Archived from the original on 3 September 2022. Retrieved 3 September 2022.

[18] "Rinunce e nomine" [Resignations and Appointments]. Holy See Press Office (in Italian). 1 October 2002. Archived from the original on 15 May 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2018.

[20] "Re Card. Giovanni Battista". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[22] "Sandri Card. Leonardo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[24] "Arinze Card. Francis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2017.

[26] "Bertone Card. Tarcisio, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[28] "Saraiva Martins Card. José, C.M.F." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[30] "Parolin Card. Pietro". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.

[31] "Ouellet Card. Marc, P.S.S." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[33] "Filoni Card. Fernando". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2017.

[35] "Stella Card. Beniamino". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2017.

[37] "Tagle Card. Luis Antonio Gokim". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.

[38] "Raï Card. Béchara Boutros, O.M.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.

[39] "Sako Card. Louis Raphaël I". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.

[40] "Kitbunchu Card. Michael Michai". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.

[41] "do Nascimento Card. Alexandre". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.

[42] "Williams Card. Thomas Stafford". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.

[44] "Poupard Card. Paul". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.

[45] "Wetter Card. Friedrich". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.

[46] "López Rodríguez Card. Nicolás de Jesús". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2017.

[47] "Mahony Card. Roger Michael". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2017.

[48] "Ruini Card. Camillo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2017.

[49] "Darmaatmadja Card. Julius Riyadi, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.

[50] "Wamala Card. Emmanuel". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.

[51] "Maida Card. Adam Joseph". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.

[52] "Puljić Card. Vinko". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.

[53] "Sandoval Íñiguez Card. Juan". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.

[55] "Stafford Card. James Francis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.

[56] "De Giorgi Card. Salvatore". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.

[57] "Rouco Varela Card. Antonio María". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.

[58] "Pengo Card. Polycarp". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.

[59] "Schönborn Card. Christoph, O.P." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.

[60] "Rivera Carrera Card. Norberto". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.

[62] "Pujats Card. Jānis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.

[64] "Sebastiani Card. Sergio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[66] "Sepe Card. Crescenzio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[67] "Kasper Card. Walter". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[68] "Agnelo Card. Geraldo Majella". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[69] "Rubiano Sáenz Card. Pedro". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[70] "Bačkis Card. Audrys Juozas". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[71] "Errázuriz Ossa Card. Francisco Javier". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[72] "Napier Card. Wilfrid Fox, O.F.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[73] "Rodríguez Maradiaga Card. Óscar Andrés, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[74] "Cipriani Thorne Card. Juan Luis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

[76] "Herranz Card. Julián". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[77] "Scola Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[78] "Okogie Card. Anthony Olubunmi". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[79] "Zubeir Wako Card. Gabriel". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[80] "Rigali Card. Justin Francis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[81] "Antonelli Card. Ennio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[82] "Turkson Card. Peter Kodwo Appiah". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[83] "Toppo Card. Telesphore Placidus". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[84] "Bozanić Card. Josip". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[85] "Pham Minh Mân Card. Jean-Baptiste". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[86] "Barbarin Card. Philippe". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[87] "Erdő Card. Péter". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[89] "Rodé Card. Franc, C.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[90] "Vallini Card. Agostino". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[91] "Rosales Card. Gaudencio Borbon". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[92] "Ricard Card. Jean-Pierre". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[93] "Cañizares Llovera Card. Antonio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[94] "O'Malley Card. Seán Patrick, O.F.M. Cap". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[95] "Dziwisz Card. Stanisław". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[97] "Zen Ze-kiun Card. Joseph, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[99] "Lajolo Card. Giovanni". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[100] "Cordes Card. Paul Josef". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[101] "Comastri Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[102] "Ryłko Card. Stanisław". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[103] "Farina Card. Raffaele, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[105] "Brady Card. Seán Baptist". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[106] "Martínez Sistach Card. Lluís". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[107] "Vingt-Trois Card. André". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[108] "Bagnasco Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[109] "Sarr Card. Théodore-Adrien". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[110] "Gracias Card. Oswald". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[111] "Robles Ortega Card. Francisco". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[112] "DiNardo Card. Daniel Nicholas". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[113] "Scherer Card. Odilo Pedro". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[115] "Njue Card. John". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[116] "Karlic Card. Estanislao Esteban". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

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[120] "Monterisi Card. Francesco". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2017.

[121] "Burke Card. Raymond Leo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2017.

[122] "Koch Card. Kurt". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 13 November 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2017.

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[124] "Ravasi Card. Gianfranco". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2017.

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[126] "Wuerl Card. Donald William". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2017.

[127] "Assis Card. Raymundo Damasceno". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2017.

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[207] "Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo Card. Ignatius". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.

[208] "García Rodríguez Card. Juan de la Caridad". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.

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[212] "Zuppi Card. Matteo Maria". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.

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[214] "Tamkevičius Card. Sigitas, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.

[215] "Dal Corso Card. Eugenio, P.S.D.P." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.

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@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 The same apostolic constitution also specifies a maximum of 120 cardinal electors who can participate in a conclave, but makes no provision in case this number is exceeded;<ref name="UDG"/> this has often happened, although never at the time of a conclave. Cardinals may also be created ''[[in pectore]]'' (reserved 'in the breast'), in which case their identities are not publicly revealed by the pope; they do not enjoy the privileges of a cardinal until their names are published. The creations of any such cardinals who have not been revealed at the pope's death or resignation automatically lapse.<ref name="CIC"/><ref>{{cite CE1913 |wstitle=In Petto |first=Auguste |last=Boudinhon}}</ref>
-<section begin="as of"/>{{As of|2023|01|14|post=,}}<!-- Change this date only when the numbers in the paragraph are updated. --><section end="as of"/> there are <section begin="all"/>223<section end="all"/> cardinals, <section begin="electors"/>124<section end="electors"/> of whom are cardinal electors. The [[Cardinals created by Francis#27 August 2022|most recent consistory for the creation of cardinals]] was held on 27&nbsp;August 2022, when [[Pope Francis]] created 20 cardinals, including 16 cardinal electors.<ref name="2022-08-27">{{cite web |url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2022/05/29/220529b.html |title=Announcement of Consistory on 27 August for the creation of new Cardinals |date=29 May 2022 |website=[[Holy See Press Office]] |access-date=29 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617091919/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2022/05/29/220529b.html |archive-date=17 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2022-08-27b">{{cite press release |url=https://www.cathobel.be/2022/06/mgr-luc-van-looy-eveque-emerite-est-dispense-du-cardinalat/ |title=Mgr Luc Van Looy, évêque émérite, est dispensé du cardinalat |date=16 June 2022 |publisher=[[Episcopal Conference of Belgium|Conférence épiscopale de Belgique]] |website=CathoBel |access-date=16 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617090954/https://www.cathobel.be/2022/06/mgr-luc-van-looy-eveque-emerite-est-dispense-du-cardinalat/ |archive-date=17 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2022-08-27c">{{cite news |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/251564/pope-francis-accepts-belgian-catholic-bishop-s-request-not-to-be-made-a-cardinal |title=Pope Francis accepts Belgian bishop's request not to be made a cardinal |date=16 June 2022 |work=[[Catholic News Agency]] |access-date=16 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617091501/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/251564/pope-francis-accepts-belgian-catholic-bishop-s-request-not-to-be-made-a-cardinal |archive-date=17 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> <!-- A consistory is scheduled for ⟨date⟩ to create ⟨X⟩ cardinals, including ⟨Y⟩ cardinal electors.<ref name="⟨yyyy-mm-dd⟩">{{cite web |url= |title= |date= |website=[[Holy See Press Office]] |access-date= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status=live}}</ref> --> [[Óscar Andrés Rodríguez Maradiaga|Angelo Bagnasco]] was the most recent cardinal elector to turn 80, on 14&nbsp;January 2023; and [[Domenico Calcagno]]  will be the next cardinal elector to turn 80, on 3 February 2023. The most recent death of a cardinal was that of [[George Pell]], on 10&nbsp;January 2023, at the age of 81.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/253312/breaking-cardinal-george-pell-dies-at-81 |title=Australian Cardinal George Pell dies at 81 |date=10 January 2023 |work=[[Catholic News Agency]] |last1=Yoder |first1=Katie |last2=Wimmer |first2=AC |access-date=11 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111003316/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/253312/breaking-cardinal-george-pell-dies-at-81 |archive-date=11 January 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><!-- The preceding reference is for the most recent death of a cardinal, from a reliable news source (ideally in English) and preferably archived with the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine. -->
+<section begin="as of"/>{{As of|2023|01|14|post=,}}<!-- Change this date only when the numbers in the paragraph are updated. --><section end="as of"/> there are <section begin="all"/>223<section end="all"/> cardinals, <section begin="electors"/>124<section end="electors"/> of whom are cardinal electors. The [[Cardinals created by Francis#27 August 2022|most recent consistory for the creation of cardinals]] was held on 27&nbsp;August 2022, when [[Pope Francis]] created 20 cardinals, including 16 cardinal electors.<ref name="2022-08-27">{{cite web |url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2022/05/29/220529b.html |title=Announcement of Consistory on 27 August for the creation of new Cardinals |date=29 May 2022 |website=[[Holy See Press Office]] |access-date=29 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617091919/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2022/05/29/220529b.html |archive-date=17 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2022-08-27b">{{cite press release |url=https://www.cathobel.be/2022/06/mgr-luc-van-looy-eveque-emerite-est-dispense-du-cardinalat/ |title=Mgr Luc Van Looy, évêque émérite, est dispensé du cardinalat |date=16 June 2022 |publisher=[[Episcopal Conference of Belgium|Conférence épiscopale de Belgique]] |website=CathoBel |access-date=16 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617090954/https://www.cathobel.be/2022/06/mgr-luc-van-looy-eveque-emerite-est-dispense-du-cardinalat/ |archive-date=17 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2022-08-27c">{{cite news |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/251564/pope-francis-accepts-belgian-catholic-bishop-s-request-not-to-be-made-a-cardinal |title=Pope Francis accepts Belgian bishop's request not to be made a cardinal |date=16 June 2022 |work=[[Catholic News Agency]] |access-date=16 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617091501/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/251564/pope-francis-accepts-belgian-catholic-bishop-s-request-not-to-be-made-a-cardinal |archive-date=17 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> <!-- A consistory is scheduled for ⟨date⟩ to create ⟨X⟩ cardinals, including ⟨Y⟩ cardinal electors.<ref name="⟨yyyy-mm-dd⟩">{{cite web |url= |title= |date= |website=[[Holy See Press Office]] |access-date= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status=live}}</ref> --> [[Angelo Bagnasco]] was the most recent cardinal elector to turn 80, on 14&nbsp;January 2023; and [[Domenico Calcagno]]  will be the next cardinal elector to turn 80, on 3 February 2023. The most recent death of a cardinal was that of [[George Pell]], on 10&nbsp;January 2023, at the age of 81.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/253312/breaking-cardinal-george-pell-dies-at-81 |title=Australian Cardinal George Pell dies at 81 |date=10 January 2023 |work=[[Catholic News Agency]] |last1=Yoder |first1=Katie |last2=Wimmer |first2=AC |access-date=11 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111003316/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/253312/breaking-cardinal-george-pell-dies-at-81 |archive-date=11 January 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><!-- The preceding reference is for the most recent death of a cardinal, from a reliable news source (ideally in English) and preferably archived with the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine. -->
 == Cardinals ==

v t e College of Cardinals
List of current cardinals Cardinals of the Catholic Church under Pope Francis in order of precedence
Cardinal bishops	Re Sandri Arinze Bertone Saraiva Martins Parolin (CC) Ouellet Filoni Stella Tagle Raï Sako
Cardinal priests	Kitbunchu Poupard Wetter López Rodríguez Mahony Ruini Darmaatmadja Wamala Maida Puljić Sandoval Íñiguez Stafford De Giorgi Rouco Varela Pengo Schönborn Rivera Carrera Pujats Sepe Kasper Bačkis Errázuriz Ossa Napier Rodríguez Maradiaga Cipriani Thorne Herranz Casado Scola Okogie Zubeir Wako Rigali Antonelli Turkson Bozanić Mẫn Barbarin Erdő Rodé Vallini Rosales Ricard Cañizares Llovera O'Malley (CC) Dziwisz Zen Lajolo Comastri Ryłko Farina Brady Martínez Sistach Vingt-Trois Bagnasco Sarr Gracias (CC) Robles Ortega DiNardo Scherer Njue Karlic Amato Sarah Monterisi Burke Koch Piacenza Ravasi Romeo Wuerl Assis Nycz Patabendige Don Marx Brandmüller Monteiro de Castro Abril y Castelló Vegliò Bertello Coccopalmerio Aviz O'Brien Calcagno Versaldi Alencherry Collins Duka Eijk Betori Dolan Woelki Tong Mureșan Harvey Thottunkal Onaiyekan Salazar Gómez Baldisseri Müller Nichols Brenes Solórzano Lacroix (CC) Kutwa Tempesta Bassetti Poli Yeom Ezzati Andrello Ouédraogo Quevedo Langlois Clemente Souraphiel Dew Menichelli Nhơn Suárez Inda Bo Kovithavanij Montenegro Sturla Berhouet Blázquez Pérez Lacunza Maestrojuán Gomes Furtado Mafi Villalba Langa Nzapalainga Osoro Sierra Rocha (CC) Cupich D'Rozario Porras Cardozo De Kesel Piat Aguiar Retes Ribat Tobin Zerbo Omella Omella (CC) Arborelius Mangkhanekhoun Rosa Chávez De Donatis Coutts Santos Marto Barreto Jimeno Tsarahazana Petrocchi Maeda Ticona Porco Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo García Rodríguez Ambongo Besungu (CC) Hollerich (CC) Ramazzini Imeri Zuppi López Romero Tamkevičius Kambanda Gregory Advincula Aós Braco Lojudice Arizmendi Esquivel Aveline Okpaleke Steiner Ferrão McElroy Silva Cantoni Poola Costa Goh Martínez Flores Marengo Jiménez Carvajal Miglio Pizzaballa Brislin Rossi Aparicio Ryś Mulla Cano Rugambwa Francis Chow Bustillo Aguiar Sánchez Castillo Mattasoglio Bokalic Iglic Cabrera Herrera Chomalí Garib Kikuchi David Nemet Spengler Bessi Dogbo Vesco Mathieu Repole Reina Leo Bychok Battaglia
Cardinal deacons	Mamberti Zenari Farrell Simoni Ladaria Ferrer Becciu Krajewski Bocos Merino Mendonça Czerny Fitzgerald Grech Semeraro Gambetti Tomasi Cantalamessa Feroci Roche You Vérgez Alzaga (CC) Ghirlanda Frezza Prevost Gugerotti Fernández Tscherrig Pierre Artime Marchetto Dri Acerbi Makrickas Radcliffe Baggio Koovakad
Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave in italics (CC): member of the Council of Cardinals See also: Titular Titular church List of titular churches List of creations of cardinals Category Media Catholic Church portal