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Orwellian is an adjective describing a situation, idea, or societal condition that George Orwell identified as being destructive to the welfare of a free and open society. It denotes an attitude and a brutal policy of draconian control by propaganda, surveillance, disinformation, denial of truth (doublethink), and manipulation of the past, including the "unperson"—a person whose past atrocity is idealised from the public record and memory, practiced by modern repressive governments. Often, this includes the circumstances depicted in his novels, particularly Nineteen Eighty-Four^[2] but political doublespeak is criticized throughout his work, such as in Politics and the English Language.^[3]

The New York Times has said the term is "the most widely used adjective derived from the name of a modern writer".^[4]^[5]

References

^ Noah Tavlin. "What "Orwellian" really means". TED Ed. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^ Drabble, Margaret (2000). The Oxford Companion to English Literature (Sixth ed.). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 726. ISBN 0-19-861453-5.
^ Traub, James (5 January 2016). "The Empty Threat of 'Boots on the Ground'". The New York Times.
^ Nunberg, Geoffrey (22 June 2003). "Simpler Terms; If It's 'Orwellian,' It's Probably Not". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
^ Jordison, Sam (11 November 2014). "Do you really know what 'Orwellian' means?". the Guardian. Retrieved 27 February 2018.

External links

Finding Orwell in Burma

[teded-1] Noah Tavlin. "What "Orwellian" really means". TED Ed. Retrieved 4 October 2015.

[2] Drabble, Margaret (2000). The Oxford Companion to English Literature (Sixth ed.). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 726. ISBN 0-19-861453-5.

[obama-3] Traub, James (5 January 2016). "The Empty Threat of 'Boots on the Ground'". The New York Times.

[4] Nunberg, Geoffrey (22 June 2003). "Simpler Terms; If It's 'Orwellian,' It's Probably Not". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 27 February 2018.

[5] Jordison, Sam (11 November 2014). "Do you really know what 'Orwellian' means?". the Guardian. Retrieved 27 February 2018.

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 {{short description|Pertaining to a dystopia like in George Orwell's fiction}}
+{{Italic title}}
 {{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
 {{external media | width = 210px | float = right | headerimage=[[File:1984 and photo of George Orwell.png|210px]] | video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe64p-QzhNE What "Orwellian" really means – Noah Tavlin], 5:31, [[TED-Ed]]<ref name="teded">{{cite web | title =What "Orwellian" really means |author= Noah Tavlin | publisher =[[TED (conference)|TED Ed]] | url =http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-orwellian-really-means-noah-tavlin | access-date =4 October 2015}}</ref> }}
-"'''Orwellian'''" is an [[adjective]] describing a situation, idea, or societal condition that [[George Orwell]] identified as being destructive to the welfare of a free and [[open society]]. It denotes an attitude and a brutal policy of draconian control by [[propaganda]], [[surveillance]], [[disinformation]], [[Denialism|denial of truth]] ([[doublethink]]), and manipulation of the past, including the "[[unperson]]"—a person whose past atrocity is idealised from the public record and memory, practiced by modern repressive governments. Often, this includes the circumstances depicted in his novels, particularly ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]''<ref>{{cite book|last=Drabble |first=Margaret |title=The Oxford Companion to English Literature |edition=Sixth |publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford and New York |year=2000 |page=726 |isbn=0-19-861453-5}}</ref> but political [[doublespeak]] is criticized throughout his work, such as in ''[[Politics and the English Language]]''.<ref name="obama">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/10/magazine/the-empty-threat-of-boots-on-the-ground.html |title=The Empty Threat of 'Boots on the Ground' |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 5, 2016 |last=Traub |first=James}}</ref>
+'''''Orwellian''''' is an [[adjective]] describing a situation, idea, or societal condition that [[George Orwell]] identified as being destructive to the welfare of a free and [[open society]]. It denotes an attitude and a brutal policy of draconian control by [[propaganda]], [[surveillance]], [[disinformation]], [[Denialism|denial of truth]] ([[doublethink]]), and manipulation of the past, including the "[[unperson]]"—a person whose past atrocity is idealised from the public record and memory, practiced by modern repressive governments. Often, this includes the circumstances depicted in his novels, particularly ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]''<ref>{{cite book|last=Drabble |first=Margaret |title=The Oxford Companion to English Literature |edition=Sixth |publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford and New York |year=2000 |page=726 |isbn=0-19-861453-5}}</ref> but political [[doublespeak]] is criticized throughout his work, such as in ''[[Politics and the English Language]]''.<ref name="obama">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/10/magazine/the-empty-threat-of-boots-on-the-ground.html |title=The Empty Threat of 'Boots on the Ground' |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 5, 2016 |last=Traub |first=James}}</ref>
 ''[[The New York Times]]'' has said the term is "the most widely used adjective derived from the name of a modern writer".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/22/weekinreview/simpler-terms-if-it-s-orwellian-it-s-probably-not.html|title=Simpler Terms; If It's 'Orwellian,' It's Probably Not|last=Nunberg|first=Geoffrey|date=2003-06-22|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-02-27|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/nov/11/reading-group-orwellian-1984|title=Do you really know what 'Orwellian' means?|last=Jordison|first=Sam|date=2014-11-11|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>

v t e Media manipulation
Context	Bias Crowd psychology Deception Dumbing down False balance Half-truths Media Obfuscation Orwellian Persuasion Manipulation (psychology)
Activism	Advocacy group Alternative media Boycott Call-out culture Cancel culture Civil disobedience Culture jamming Demonstrations Deplatforming Grassroots Guerrilla communication Hacktivism Internet Media Occupations Petitions Protests Youth
Advertising	Billboards False Infomercials Mobiles Modeling Radio Sex Slogans Testimonials TV Criticism of advertising Annoyance factor
Censorship Media regulation	Books Broadcast law Burying of scholars Catch and kill Corporate Cover-ups Euphemism Films Historical negationism Internet Political Religious Self
Hoaxing	Alternative facts April Fools' Deepfake Fake news websites Fakelore False document Fictitious entries Firehose of falsehood Forgery Gaslighting List Literary Lying press Photograph manipulation Racial Urban legend Virus Video manipulation
Marketing	Branding Loyalty Product Product placement Publicity Research Word of mouth
News media	Agenda-setting Broadcasting Circus Cycle Emotive conjugation False balance Infotainment Managing Narcotizing dysfunction Newspeak Pseudo-event Scrum Sensationalism Tabloid journalism
Political campaigning	Advertising Astroturfing Attack ad Canvassing Character assassination Dog whistle Election promises Lawn signs Party platforms (or manifestos) Name recognition Negative Push polling Smear campaign Wedge issue
Propaganda	Bandwagon Big lie Crowd manipulation Disinformation Fearmongering Framing Indoctrination Loaded language National mythology Rally 'round the flag effect Techniques
Psychological warfare	Airborne leaflets False flag Fifth column Information (IT) Lawfare Political Public diplomacy Sedition Subversion
Public relations	Cult of personality Doublespeak Non-apology apology Reputation management Slogans Sound bites Spin Transfer Understatement Weasel words Corporate propaganda
Sales	Cold calling Door-to-door Pricing Product demonstrations Promotion Spaving Promotional merchandise Telemarketing
Related	Influence-for-hire Media bias United States Media concentration Media democracy Media ecology Media ethics Media franchise Media influence Media proprietor

Revision as of 23:32, 17 January 2023

See also

References

External links