Felinae: Difference between revisions

Felinae; Temporal range: Miocene–Holocene, 9–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Clockwise, an ocelot, a wild cat, a cougar and a cheetah
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Suborder:	Feliformia
Family:	Felidae
Subfamily:	Felinae; Fischer von Waldheim, 1817
Type genus
	Felis; Linnaeus, 1758
Genera
	see Taxonomy
	Native ranges of Felinae

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The Felinae are a subfamily of the family Felidae. This subfamily comprises the small cats having a bony hyoid, because of which they are able to purr but not roar.^[2]

Other authors have proposed an alternative definition for this subfamily: as comprising only the living conical-toothed cat genera with two tribes, the Felini and Pantherini; thus excluding all fossil cat species.^[3]^[4]

Characteristics

The members of the Felinae have retractile claws that are protected by at least one cutaneous lobe. Their larynx is kept close to the base of the skull by an ossified hyoid.^[5] They can purr owing to the vocal folds being shorter than 6 mm (0.24 in).^[6]^[7] The cheetah Acinonyx does not have cutaneous sheaths for guarding claws.^[8]

Taxonomy

The term 'Felini' was first used in 1817 by Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim, at the time for all the cat species that had been proposed as belonging to the genus Felis.^[9] In 1917, Reginald Innes Pocock also subordinated the following genera to the Felinae that had been proposed in the course of the 19th century: Lynx, Puma, Leptailurus, Prionailurus, Pardofelis, Leopardus, Herpailurus, Neofelis and four more.^[5]

The Felinae and Pantherinae probably diverged about 11.5 million years ago. The genera within the Felinae diverged between 10.67 and 4.23 million years ago.^[10]^[11]

Today, the following living genera and species are recognised as belonging to the Felinae:^[2]

Genus	Species	Range
Acinonyx Brookes, 1828^[12]	Cheetah (A. jubatus) Schreber, 1777^[13]	Africa and Southwestern Asia
Caracal Gray, 1843^[14]	Caracal (C. caracal) (Schreber, 1776)^[15] African golden cat (C. aurata) (Temminck, 1827)^[16]	Africa and Southwestern Asia
Catopuma Severtzov, 1858^[17]	Asian golden cat (C. temminckii) (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)^[18] Bay cat (C. badia) (Gray, 1874)^[19]	Southeastern Asia
Felis Linnaeus, 1758^[20]	Domestic cat (F. catus) Linnaeus, 1758^[20] European wildcat (F. silvestris) Schreber, 1777^[21] Jungle cat (F. chaus) Schreber, 1777^[22] African wildcat (F. lybica) Forster, 1780^[23] Black-footed cat (F. nigripes) Burchell, 1824^[24] Sand cat (F. margarita) Loche, 1858^[25] Chinese mountain cat (F. bieti) Milne-Edwards, 1892^[26]	Afro-Eurasia Worldwide (Domestic Cat)
Herpailurus Severtzov, 1858^[17]	Jaguarundi (H. yagouaroundi) (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803)^[27]	Central and Southern America
Leopardus Gray, 1842^[28]	Ocelot (L. pardalis) (Linnaeus, 1758)^[29] Oncilla (L. tigrinus) (Schreber, 1775)^[30] Pampas cat (L. colocolo) (Molina, 1782)^[31] Kodkod (L. guigna) (Molina, 1782)^[31] Margay (L. wiedii) (Schinz, 1821)^[32] Geoffroy's cat (L. geoffroyi) (d'Orbigny & Gervais, 1844)^[33] Andean mountain cat (L. jacobitus) (Cornalia, 1865)^[34] Southern tiger cat (L. guttulus) (Hensel, 1872)^[35]	Central and Southern America
Leptailurus Severtzov, 1858^[17]	Serval (L. serval) (Schreber, 1775)^[36]	Africa
Lynx Kerr, 1792^[37]	Eurasian lynx (L. lynx) (Linnaeus, 1758)^[38] Bobcat (L. rufus) (Schreber, 1777)^[39] Canada lynx (L. canadensis) Kerr, 1792^[37] Iberian lynx (L. pardinus) (Temminck, 1827)^[40]	Northern Hemisphere
Otocolobus Brandt, 1842^[41]	Pallas's cat (O. manul) (Pallas, 1776)^[42]	Central Asia
Pardofelis Severtzov, 1858^[17]	Marbled cat (P. marmorata) (Martin, 1836)^[43]	Southeastern Asia
Prionailurus Severtzov, 1858^[17]	Leopard cat (P. bengalensis) (Kerr, 1792)^[44] Sunda leopard cat (P. javanensis) (Desmarest, 1816)^[45] Flat-headed cat (P. planiceps) (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)^[18] Fishing cat (P. viverrinus) (Bennett, 1833)^[46] Rusty-spotted cat (P. rubiginosus) (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1834)^[47]	Southeastern and Eastern Asia
Puma Jardine 1834^[48]	Cougar (P. concolor) Linnaeus, 1771^[49]	Americas

Extinct taxa

Genus	Species	Image
Felis	Felis lunensis
Acinonyx	A. aicha A. intermedius A. pardinensis
Lynx	L. issiodorensis L. rexroadensis^[50]^[51] L. thomasi
Puma	P. lacustris P. pardoides P. pumoides
Leopardus	L. vorohuensis
Asilifelis Werdelin, 2011^[52]	A. coteae
Katifelis Adrian, Werdelin & Grossman, 2018^[53]	K. nightingalei
Leptofelis Salesa et al., 2017	L. vallesiensis
Miracinonyx Adams, 1979^[54]	M. inexpectatus M. trumani
Pratifelis Hibbard, 1934	P. martini
Pristifelis Salesa et al., 2012	P. attica
Sivapanthera Kretzoi, 1929^[55]	S. arvernensis S. brachygnathus S. linxiaensis S. padhriensis S. pleistocaenicus S. potens

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of Felinae are shown in the following cladogram:^[56]

Felinae

Felinae

Domestic cat lineage

Felis

	Felis catus (domestic cat)
^{[failed verification – see discussion]}
	Felis lybica (African wildcat)

Felis bieti (Chinese mountain cat)

Felis silvestris (European wildcat)

†Felis lunensis (Martelli's cat)

Felis margarita (Sand cat)

Felis nigripes (Black-footed cat)

Felis chaus (Jungle cat)

†Pristifelis

†Pristifelis attica

Leopard cat lineage

Prionailurus

	Prionailurus bengalensis (Leopard cat)

	Prionailurus javanensis (Sunda leopard cat)

	Prionailurus viverrinus (Fishing cat)

Prionailurus planiceps (Flat-headed cat)

Prionailurus rubiginosus (Rusty-spotted cat)

Otocolobus

Otocolobus manul (Pallas's cat)

Puma lineage

Puma

	Puma concolor (Cougar)

	†Puma pardoides (Eurasian puma)

	†Puma pumoides

†Miracinonyx

	†Miracinonyx inexpectatus

	†Miracinonyx trumani

Herpailurus

Herpailurus yagouaroundi (Jaguarundi)

Acinonyx

	Acinonyx jubatus (Cheetah)

	†Acinonyx pardinensis (Giant cheetah)

	†Acinonyx aicha

	†Acinonyx intermedius

†Sivapanthera

	†Sivapanthera brachygnathus

	†Sivapanthera pleistocaenicus

	†Sivapanthera potens

	†Sivapanthera linxiaensis

	†Sivapanthera padhriensis

	†Sivapanthera arvernensis

Lynx

Lynx lineage

	Lynx lynx (Eurasian lynx)

	Lynx pardinus (Iberian lynx)

Lynx canadensis (Canada lynx)

Lynx rufus (Bobcat)

†Lynx issiodorensis (Issoire lynx)

†Lynx rexroadensis

†Lynx thomasi

Leopardus

Ocelot lineage

	Leopardus pardalis (Ocelot)

	Leopardus wiedii (Margay)

Leopardus tigrinus (Oncilla)

Leopardus guigna (Kodkod)

	Leopardus geoffroyi (Geoffroy's cat)

	Leopardus guttulus (Southern tiger cat)

	Leopardus colocolo (Pampas cat)

	Leopardus jacobita (Andean mountain cat)

†Leopardus vorohuensis

Caracal lineage

Caracal

	Caracal caracal (Caracal)

	Caracal aurata (African golden cat)

Leptailurus

Leptailurus serval (Serval)

Bay cat lineage

Catopuma

	Catopuma badia (Bay cat)

	Catopuma temminckii (Asian golden cat)

Pardofelis

Pardofelis marmorata (Marbled cat)

†Pratifelis

†Pratifelis martini

†Diamantofelis

†Diamantofelis ferox

†Namafelis

†Namafelis minor

†Asilifelis

†Asilifelis coteae

†Leptofelis

†Leptofelis vallesiensis

†Katifelis

†Katifelis nightingalei

sensu stricto

Pantherinae

†Miopanthera

	†Miopanthera pamiri

sensu lato

^[57]^[58]^[59]^[60]^[61]^[62]^[63]^[64]^[65]^[66]^[67]^[68]^[69]^[70]^[71]^[72]

References

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^ Werdelin, L. (30 December 2011). "Un nuevo género y especie de Felidae (Mammalia) de la isla de Rusinga, Kenia, con notas sobre los primeros Felidae de África". Estudios Geológicos (in Spanish). 67 (2): 217–222. doi:10.3989/egeol.40480.185. ISSN 1988-3250.
^ Salesa, Manuel J.; Siliceo, Gema; Antón, Mauricio; Peigné, Stéphane; Morales, Jorge (1 March 2019). "Functional and Systematic Implications of the Postcranial Anatomy of a Late Miocene Feline (Carnivora, Felidae) from Batallones-1 (Madrid, Spain)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 26 (1): 101–131. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9414-9. ISSN 1573-7055.
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External links

Media related to Felinae at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Felinae at Wikispecies

[MSW3-1] Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Felinae". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 532–545. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

[Catsg2017-2] Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O’Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" (PDF). Cat News. Special Issue 11: 11−63.

[werdelin-3] Werdelin, L.; Yamaguchi, N.; Johnson, W. E.; O'Brien, S. J. (2010). "Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae)". In Macdonald, D. W.; Loveridge, A. J. (eds.). Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 59–82. ISBN 978-0-19-923445-5.

[Kingdon-4] Werdelin, L. (2013). "Subfamily Felinae − Cats". In Kingdon, J.; Happold, D.; Butynski, T.; Hoffmann, M.; Happold, M.; Kalina, J. (eds.). Mammals of Africa. Vol. 5. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 144–210. ISBN 978-1-4081-2251-8.

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[8] Pocock, R. I. (1917). "VII.—On the external characters of the Felidæ". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology. 8. 19 (109): 113−136. doi:10.1080/00222931709486916.

[9] Fischer, G. (1817). "Adversaria Zoologica. Fasciculus primus. Quaedam ad Mammalium systema et genera illustranda". Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou. 5: 357−446.

[Johnson2006-10] Johnson, W. E.; Eizirik, E.; Pecon-Slattery, J.; Murphy, W. J.; Antunes, A.; Teeling, E. & O'Brien, S. J. (2006). "The Late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment". Science. 311 (5757): 73–77. Bibcode:2006Sci...311...73J. doi:10.1126/science.1122277. PMID 16400146. S2CID 41672825.

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[Severtzow1858-17] Severtzow, M. N. (1858). "Notice sur la classification multisériale des Carnivores, spécialement des Félidés, et les études de zoologie générale qui s'y rattachent". Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée. X: 385–396.

[VigorsHorsfield-18] Vigors, N. A.; Horsfield, T. (1827). "Descriptions of two species of the genus Felis, in the collections of the Zoological Society". The Zoological Journal. III (11): 449–451.

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[Molina-31] Molina, G. I. (1782). "La Guigna Felis guigna". Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chilli. Bologna: Stamperia di S. Tommaso d’Aquino. p. 295.

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[33] D'Orbigny, A.; Gervais, P. (1844). "Mammalogie: Nouvelle espèce de Felis". Extraits des Procès-verbaux des Séances. 9: 40−41.

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[38] Linnaeus, C. (1758). "Felis lynx". Caroli Linnæi Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. Tomus I (decima, reformata ed.). Holmiae: Laurentius Salvius. p. 43.

[39] Schreber, J. C. D. (1778). "Der Rotluchs". Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen. Erlangen: Wolfgang Walther. pp. 442–443.

[40] Temminck, C. J. (1827). "Felis pardina". Monographies de mammalogie, ou description de quelques genres de mammifères, dont les espèces ont été observées dans les différens musées de l'Europe. Vol. 1. Leiden: C. C. Vander Hoek. pp. 116−117.

[41] Brandt J. F. (1842). "Observations sur le manoul (Felis manul Pallas)". Bulletin Scientifique. Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint Petersbourg. 9: 37–39.

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[43] Martin, W. C. (1836). "Description of a new species of Felis". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. IV (XLVII): 107–108.

[44] Kerr, R. (1792). "Bengal Tiger-Cat Felis bengalensis". The Animal Kingdom or zoological system of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus. Class I. Mammalia. Edinburgh & London: A. Strahan & T. Cadell. pp. 151–152.

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[53] Adrian, B.; Werdelin, L.; Grossman, A. (2018). "New Miocene Carnivora (Mammalia) from Moruorot and Kalodirr, Kenya". Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): 21.1.10A. doi:10.26879/778.

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[Werdelin_al2010-56] Werdelin, L.; Yamaguchi, N.; Johnson, W. E.; O'Brien, S. J. (2010). "Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae)". In Macdonald, D. W.; Loveridge, A. J. (eds.). Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 59–82. ISBN 978-0-19-923445-5.

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[67] Hibbard, Claude W. (1934). "Two New Genera of Felidæ from the Middle Pliocene of Kansas". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science (1903-). 37: 239–255. doi:10.2307/3625308. ISSN 0022-8443.

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[70] Werdelin, L. (30 December 2011). "Un nuevo género y especie de Felidae (Mammalia) de la isla de Rusinga, Kenia, con notas sobre los primeros Felidae de África". Estudios Geológicos (in Spanish). 67 (2): 217–222. doi:10.3989/egeol.40480.185. ISSN 1988-3250.

[71] Salesa, Manuel J.; Siliceo, Gema; Antón, Mauricio; Peigné, Stéphane; Morales, Jorge (1 March 2019). "Functional and Systematic Implications of the Postcranial Anatomy of a Late Miocene Feline (Carnivora, Felidae) from Batallones-1 (Madrid, Spain)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 26 (1): 101–131. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9414-9. ISSN 1573-7055.

[72] Adrian, Brent; Werdelin, Lars; Grossman, Aryeh (27 March 2018). "New Miocene Carnivora (Mammalia) from Moruorot and Kalodirr, Kenya". Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): 1–19. doi:10.26879/778. ISSN 1094-8074.

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@@ Line 209: / Line 209: @@
 ===Phylogeny===
 The phylogenetic relationships of Felinae are shown in the following cladogram:<ref name=Werdelin_al2010>{{cite book |last1=Werdelin |first1=L. |last2=Yamaguchi |first2=N. |last3=Johnson |first3=W. E. |last4=O'Brien |first4=S. J. |chapter=Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae) |year=2010 |pages=59–82 |chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266755142 |editor1-last=Macdonald |editor1-first=D. W. |editor2-last=Loveridge |editor2-first=A. J. |title=Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford, UK |isbn=978-0-19-923445-5}}</ref>
+{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%;background-color:#eeeeFF;border:1px solid; |label1=&nbsp;[[Felidae#Classification|Felinae]]&nbsp; |sublabel1={{small|''sensu lato''}} |footerstyle=text-align:right |footer=<ref>{{cite book |title=Mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference |date=2005 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |location=Baltimore |isbn=978-0-8018-8221-0 |edition=3rd}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nascimento |first1=Fabio Oliveira do |title=On the morphological variation and taxonomy of the Geoffroy's cat Leopardus geoffroyi (d'Orbigny &amp; Gervais, 1844) (Carnivora, Felidae) |journal=Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia |date=2014 |volume=54 |pages=129–160 |doi=10.1590/0031-1049.2014.54.11 |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1590%2F0031-1049.2014.54.11 |language=en |issn=0031-1049}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=O'Brien |first1=Stephen J. |last2=Koepfli |first2=Klaus-Peter |title=Evolution: A New Cat Species Emerges |journal=Current Biology |date=16 December 2013 |volume=23 |issue=24 |pages=R1103–R1105 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.074 |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2013.10.074 |language=English |issn=0960-9822}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mammal Species of the World - Browse: guigna |url=https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000093 |website=www.departments.bucknell.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mammal Species of the World - Browse: tigrinus |url=https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000114 |website=www.departments.bucknell.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mammal Species of the World - Browse: colocolo |url=https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000084 |website=www.departments.bucknell.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mammal Species of the World - Browse: jacobitus |url=https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000096 |website=www.departments.bucknell.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mammal Species of the World - Browse: pardalis |url=https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000103 |website=www.departments.bucknell.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mammal Species of the World - Browse: wiedii |url=https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000119 |website=www.departments.bucknell.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |authors={{wd|properties|Q47974686|P50}} |date={{wd|property|Q47974686|P577}} |title={{wd|property|Q47974686|P1476}}. {{wd|property|Q47974686|P1680}} |url={{wd|property|Q47974686|P953}} |journal={{wd|property|Q47974686|P1433}} |publisher={{wd|property|Q47974686|P123}} |issn={{wd|property|{{wd|property|raw|Q47974686|P1433}}|P236}}}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hibbard |first1=Claude W. |title=Two New Genera of Felidæ from the Middle Pliocene of Kansas |journal=Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science (1903-) |date=1934 |volume=37 |pages=239–255 |doi=10.2307/3625308 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3625308 |issn=0022-8443}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zuerich |first1=ETH-Bibliothek |title=New carnivores from the basal Middle Miocene of Arrisdrift, Namibia |journal=E-Periodica |doi=10.5169/seals-168406 |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.5169%2Fseals-168406 |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Morales, J., Pickford, M., Fraile, S., Salesa, M.J. & Soria, D. 2003. Creodonta and Carnivora from Arrisdrift, early Middle Miocene of Southern Namibia. Memoir of the Geological Survey of Namibia 19: 177–194. |url=http://www.mme.gov.na/files/publications/495_Memoir%2019_2003_Pickford&Senut_Palaeontology%20of%20the%20Orange%20River%20Valley.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Werdelin |first1=L. |title=Un nuevo género y especie de Felidae (Mammalia) de la isla de Rusinga, Kenia, con notas sobre los primeros Felidae de África |journal=Estudios Geológicos |date=30 December 2011 |volume=67 |issue=2 |pages=217–222 |doi=10.3989/egeol.40480.185 |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.3989%2Fegeol.40480.185 |language=es |issn=1988-3250}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Salesa |first1=Manuel J. |last2=Siliceo |first2=Gema |last3=Antón |first3=Mauricio |last4=Peigné |first4=Stéphane |last5=Morales |first5=Jorge |title=Functional and Systematic Implications of the Postcranial Anatomy of a Late Miocene Feline (Carnivora, Felidae) from Batallones-1 (Madrid, Spain) |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |date=1 March 2019 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=101–131 |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9414-9 |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10914-017-9414-9 |language=en |issn=1573-7055}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Adrian |first1=Brent |last2=Werdelin |first2=Lars |last3=Grossman |first3=Aryeh |title=New Miocene Carnivora (Mammalia) from Moruorot and Kalodirr, Kenya |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |date=27 March 2018 |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=1–19 |doi=10.26879/778 |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.26879%2F778 |language=English |issn=1094-8074}}</ref>
-{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%;background-color:#eeeeFF;border:1px solid;
+|1={{clade
-|label1=&nbsp;'''Felinae'''&nbsp;
+|label1=&nbsp;'''Felinae'''&nbsp; |sublabel1={{small|'''''sensu stricto'''''}}
-|1={{clade |style1=background-color:#ddddFF;
-      |1={{clade
+|1={{clade
+      |style2=background-color:#ffbbdd;
-         |caption=Bay cat lineage |captionstyle=background-color:#ddddFF;color:blue;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 2px 1px;
+      |2={{clade
+         |caption=Bay cat lineage <!-- (Type genus: ''[[Catopuma]]'' {{small|Severtzov, 1858}}) -->|captionstyle=color:#882277;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 2px 1px;
          |label1=&nbsp;''[[Catopuma]]''&nbsp;
          |1={{clade
-            |1=''Catopuma badia'' ([[Bay cat]])
+            |1=''Catopuma badia'' ([[Bay cat]]) [[File:Chat_Bai_1874.jpg|50px]] [[File:EN_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Endangered species (IUCN status)|x20px]]
-            |2=''Catopuma temminckii'' ([[Asian golden cat]])
+            |2=''Catopuma temminckii'' ([[Asian golden cat]]) [[File:Felis_temmincki_(AM_LM338-4).jpg|50px]]
             }}
          |label2=&nbsp;''Pardofelis''&nbsp;
          |2=''Pardofelis marmorata'' ([[Marbled cat]]) [[File:Pardofelis_marmorata_(white_background).png|50px]]
          }}
-      |2={{clade
+      |1={{clade
+         |style2=background-color:#ffdddd;
-         |caption=Caracal lineage |captionstyle=background-color:#eeFFFF;color:darkcyan;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 1px 1px; |style1=background-color:#eeFFFF;
-         |1={{clade
+         |2={{clade
+            |caption=Caracal lineage <!-- (Type genus: ''[[Caracal]]'' {{small|Gray, 1843}}) --> |captionstyle=color:#aa3322;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 1px 1px;
             |label1=&nbsp;''[[Caracal (genus)|Caracal]]''&nbsp;
             |1={{clade
                |1=''Caracal caracal'' ([[Caracal]]) [[File:Felis_caracal_-_1818-1842_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(White_Background).jpg|50px]]
-               |2=''Caracal aurata'' ([[African golden cat]])
+               |2=''Caracal aurata'' ([[African golden cat]]) [[File:VU_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Vulnerable species|x20px]]
                }}
             |label2=&nbsp;''Leptailurus''&nbsp;
             |2=''Leptailurus serval'' ([[Serval]]) [[File:Felis_serval_-_1818-1842_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
             }}
-         |2={{clade
+         |1={{clade
+            |label2=&nbsp;''[[Leopardus]]''&nbsp;
-            |caption=Ocelot lineage |captionstyle=background-color:#ccFFcc;color:darkgreen;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 1px 1px; |style1=background-color:#ccFFcc;
-            |label1=&nbsp;''[[Leopardus]]''&nbsp;
+            |style2=background-color:#ffdd66;
-            |1={{clade
+            |2={{clade
+               |caption=Ocelot lineage <!-- (Type genus: ''[[Leopardus]]'' {{small|Gray, 1842}}) --> |captionstyle=color:#dd4400;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 1px 1px;
-               |1={{clade
+               |2={{clade
                   |1={{clade
-                     |1={{clade
+                     |2={{clade
-                        |1={{clade
+                        |2={{clade
-                           |1=''Leopardus geoffroyi'' ([[Geoffroy's cat]])
+                           |1=''Leopardus geoffroyi'' ([[Geoffroy's cat]]) <!-- {{small|d'Orbigny & Gervais, 1844}} -->
-                           |2=''Leopardus guttulus'' ([[Leopardus guttulus|Southern tiger cat]])
+                           |2=''Leopardus guttulus'' ([[Leopardus guttulus|Southern tiger cat]]) <!-- {{small|Hensel, 1872}} --> [[File:VU_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Vulnerable species|x20px]]
                            }}
-                        |2=''Leopardus guigna'' ([[Kodkod]])
+                        |1=''Leopardus guigna'' ([[Kodkod]])<!-- {{small|Molina,1782}} --> [[File:VU_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Vulnerable species|x20px]]
                         }}
-                     |2=''Leopardus tigrinus'' ([[Oncilla]])
+                     |1=''Leopardus tigrinus'' ([[Oncilla]])<!-- {{small|Schreber, 1775}} --> [[File:VU_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Vulnerable species|x20px]]
                      }}
                   |2={{clade
-                     |1=''Leopardus colocolo'' ([[Pampas cat]])
+                     |1=''Leopardus colocolo'' ([[Pampas cat]])<!-- {{small|Molina, 1782}} -->
-                     |2=''Leopardus jacobita'' ([[Andean mountain cat]])
+                     |2=''Leopardus jacobita'' ([[Andean mountain cat]])<!-- {{small|Cornalia, 1865}} --> [[File:EN_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Endangered species (IUCN status)|x20px]]
                      }} }}
-               |2={{clade
+               |1={{clade
-                  |1=''Leopardus pardalis'' ([[Ocelot]]) [[File:Felis_pardalis_-_1834_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(White_Background).jpg|50px]]
+                  |1=''Leopardus pardalis'' ([[Ocelot]])<!-- {{small|Linnaeus, 1758}} --> [[File:Felis_pardalis_-_1834_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(White_Background).jpg|50px]]
-                  |2=''Leopardus wiedii'' ([[Margay]])
+                  |2=''Leopardus wiedii'' ([[Margay]])<!-- {{small|Schinz, 1821}} -->
                   }}
                |3=†''[[Leopardus vorohuensis]]''
                }}
-            |2={{clade
+            |1={{clade
+               |label2=&nbsp;''[[Lynx]]''&nbsp;
-               |caption=Lynx lineage |captionstyle=background-color:#FFFFaa;color:darkorange;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 1px 1px; |style1=background-color:#FFFFaa;
-               |label1=&nbsp;''[[Lynx]]''&nbsp;
+               |style2=background-color:#FFFFaa;
-               |1={{clade
+               |2={{clade
+                  |caption=Lynx lineage <!-- (Type genus: ''[[Lynx]]'' {{small|Kerr, 1792}}) --> |captionstyle=color:darkorange;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 1px 1px;
                   |1={{clade
                      |1={{clade
                         |1={{clade
-                           |1={{clade
+                           |1=''Lynx lynx'' ([[Eurasian lynx]]) [[File:Евразийская_рысь.png|50px]]
-                              |1=''Lynx lynx'' ([[Eurasian lynx]]) [[File:Евразийская_рысь.png|50px]]
+                           |2=''Lynx pardinus'' ([[Iberian lynx]]) [[File:EN_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Endangered species (IUCN status)|x20px]]
-                              |2=''Lynx pardinus'' ([[Iberian lynx]])
-                              }}
-                           |2=''Lynx canadensis'' ([[Canada lynx]])
                            }}
-                        |2=''Lynx rufus'' ([[Bobcat]])
+                        |2=''Lynx canadensis'' ([[Canada lynx]])
                         }}
-                     |2=†''Lynx issiodorensis'' ([[Lynx issiodorensis|Issoire lynx]])
+                     |2=''Lynx rufus'' ([[Bobcat]])
                      }}
-                  |2=†''[[Lynx rexroadensis]]''
+                  |2=†''Lynx issiodorensis'' ([[Lynx issiodorensis|Issoire lynx]])
-                  |3=†''[[Lynx thomasi]]''
+                  |3=†''Lynx rexroadensis''
+                  |4=†''Lynx thomasi''
                   }}
-               |2={{clade
+               |1={{clade
-                  |caption=Puma lineage|captionstyle=background-color:#ffdd66;color:#dd4400;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 1px 1px; |style1=background-color:#ffdd66;
+                  |style2=background-color:#ccFFcc;<!-- |label1=&nbsp;[[Felini]]&nbsp; -->
-                  |1={{clade
+                  |2={{clade<!-- |label1=&nbsp;[[Pumina]]&nbsp;|label2=&nbsp;[[Acinonychini]]&nbsp; -->
+                     |caption=Puma lineage <!-- (Type genus: ''[[Puma]]'' {{small|Jardine, 1834 }}) --> |captionstyle=color:darkgreen;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 1px 1px;
-                     |1={{clade
+                     |2={{clade
                         |label1=&nbsp;''[[Acinonyx]]''&nbsp;
                         |1={{clade
+                           |1=''Acinonyx jubatus'' ([[Cheetah]]) [[File:Acinonyx_jubatus_(white_background).jpg|50px]] [[File:VU_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Vulnerable species|x20px]]
-                           |1={{clade
-                              |1=''Acinonyx jubatus'' ([[Cheetah]]) [[File:Acinonyx_jubatus_(white_background).jpg|50px]]
+                           |2=†''Acinonyx pardinensis'' ([[Acinonyx pardinensis|Giant cheetah]])
-                              |2=†''Acinonyx pardinensis'' ([[Acinonyx pardinensis|Giant cheetah]])
+                           |3=†''Acinonyx aicha''
-                              }}
+                           |4=†''Acinonyx intermedius''
-                           |2=†''[[Acinonyx aicha]]''
-                           |3=†''[[Acinonyx intermedius]]''
                            }}
                         |label2=&nbsp;†''[[Sivapanthera]]''&nbsp;
@@ Line 300: / Line 302: @@
                            |6=†''Sivapanthera arvernensis''
                            }} }}
-                     |2={{clade
+                     |1={{clade
-                        |label1=&nbsp;''Herpailurus''&nbsp;
+                        |label2=&nbsp;''Herpailurus''&nbsp;
-                        |1=''Herpailurus yagouaroundi'' ([[Jaguarundi]]) [[File:Lydekker_-_Eyra_White_background.jpg|50px]]
+                        |2=''Herpailurus yagouaroundi'' ([[Jaguarundi]]) [[File:Lydekker_-_Eyra_White_background.jpg|50px]]
-                        |2={{clade
+                        |1={{clade
-                           |label1=&nbsp;†''[[American cheetah|Miracinonyx]]''&nbsp;
+                           |label2=&nbsp;†''[[American cheetah|Miracinonyx]]''&nbsp;
-                           |1={{clade
+                           |2={{clade
                               |1=†''Miracinonyx inexpectatus''
                               |2=†''Miracinonyx trumani''
                               }}
-                           |label2=&nbsp;''[[Puma (genus)|Puma]]''&nbsp;
+                           |label1=&nbsp;''[[Puma (genus)|Puma]]''&nbsp;
-                           |2={{clade
+                           |1={{clade
-                              |1=†''Puma pardoides'' ([[Puma pardoides|Eurasian puma]]) [[File:De_vroeg-pleistocene_sabeltandkat,_Homotherium_crenatidens_(2008)_Puma_pardoides.png|50px]]
+                              |2=†''Puma pardoides''<!-- {{small|Owen, 1846}} --> ([[Puma pardoides|Eurasian puma]]) [[File:De_vroeg-pleistocene_sabeltandkat,_Homotherium_crenatidens_(2008)_Puma_pardoides.png|50px]]
-                              |2={{clade
+                              |3=†''[[Puma pumoides]]''<!-- {{small|Castellanos, 1956}} -->
+                              |1=''Puma concolor'' ([[Cougar]]) [[File:Felis_concolor_-_1818-1842_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
-                                 |1=†''[[Puma pumoides]]''
+                              }} }} }} }}
-                                 |2=''Puma concolor'' ([[Cougar]]) [[File:Felis_concolor_-_1818-1842_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
-                                 }} }} }} }} }}
+                  |1={{clade
-                  |2={{clade
+                     |style2=background-color:#eeFFFF;
+                     |2={{clade
-                     |caption=Leopard cat lineage |captionstyle=background-color:#ffdddd;color:#aa3322;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 2px 1px; |style1=background-color:#FFdddd;
+                        |caption=Leopard cat lineage <!-- (Type genus: ''[[Prionailurus]]'' {{small|Severtzov, 1858}}) --> |captionstyle=color:darkcyan;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 2px 1px;
-                     |1={{clade
                         |label1=&nbsp;''[[Prionailurus]]''&nbsp;
                         |1={{clade
                            |1={{clade
                               |1={{clade
-                                 |1=''Prionailurus javanensis'' ([[Sunda leopard cat]])
+                                 |2=''Prionailurus javanensis'' ([[Sunda leopard cat]])
-                                 |2=''Prionailurus viverrinus'' ([[Fishing cat]])
+                                 |3=''Prionailurus viverrinus'' ([[Fishing cat]])
-                                 |3=''Prionailurus bengalensis'' ([[Leopard cat]]) [[File:Felis_torquata_-_1834_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
+                                 |1=''Prionailurus bengalensis'' ([[Leopard cat]]) [[File:Felis_torquata_-_1834_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
                                  }}
-                              |2=''Prionailurus planiceps'' ([[Flat-headed cat]])
+                              |2=''Prionailurus planiceps'' ([[Flat-headed cat]]) [[File:EN_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Endangered species (IUCN status)|x20px]]
                               }}
                            |2=''Prionailurus rubiginosus'' ([[Rusty-spotted cat]])
@@ Line 334: / Line 336: @@
                         |2=''Otocolobus manul'' ([[Pallas's cat]])
                         }}
-                     |style2=background-color:#ffbbdd;
+                     |style1=background-color:#ddddFF;
-                     |2={{Clade
+                     |1={{Clade
-                        |caption=Domestic cat lineage |captionstyle=background-color:#ffbbdd;color:#882277;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 2px 1px;
+                        |caption=Domestic cat lineage <!-- (Type genus: ''[[Felis]]'' {{small|Linnaeus, 1758}}) --> |captionstyle=color:blue;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding:1px 10px 2px 1px;
-                        |label1=&nbsp;†''[[Pristifelis]]''&nbsp;
+                        |label2=&nbsp;†''[[Pristifelis]]''&nbsp;
-                        |1=†''Pristifelis attica''
+                        |2=†''Pristifelis attica''
-                        |label2=&nbsp;''[[Felis]]''&nbsp; |style1=background-color:#ffbbdd;
+                        |label1=&nbsp;''[[Felis]]''&nbsp;
-                        |2={{clade
+                        |1={{clade
-                           |1=''Felis chaus'' ([[Jungle cat]]) [[File:Felis_chaus_-_1700-1880_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(White_Background).jpg|50px]]
+                           |2=''Felis chaus'' ([[Jungle cat]]) [[File:Felis_chaus_-_1700-1880_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(White_Background).jpg|50px]]
-                           |2={{clade
+                           |1={{clade
-                              |1=''Felis nigripes'' ([[Black-footed cat]])
+                              |2=''Felis nigripes'' ([[Black-footed cat]]) [[File:VU_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Vulnerable species|x20px]]
-                              |2={{clade
+                              |1={{clade
-                                 |1=''Felis margarita'' ([[Sand cat]])
+                                 |2=''Felis margarita'' ([[Sand cat]])
-                                 |2={{clade
+                                 |1={{clade
-                                    |1=†''Felis lunensis'' ([[Felis lunensis|Martelli's cat]])
+                                    |2=†''Felis lunensis'' ([[Felis lunensis|Martelli's cat]])
-                                    |2={{clade
+                                    |1={{clade
-                                       |1=''Felis silvestris'' ([[European wildcat]]) [[File:Anatomie_descriptive_et_comparative_du_chat_(1845)_Pl-I_(white_background_%26_colourised).jpg|50px]]
+                                       |2=''Felis silvestris'' ([[European wildcat]]) [[File:Anatomie_descriptive_et_comparative_du_chat_(1845)_Pl-I_(white_background_%26_colourised).jpg|50px]]
-                                       |2={{clade
+                                       |1={{clade
-                                          |1=''Felis bieti'' ([[Chinese mountain cat]])
+                                          |2=''Felis bieti'' ([[Chinese mountain cat]]) [[File:VU_IUCN_3_1.svg|frameless|link=Vulnerable species|x20px]]
-                                          |2={{clade
+                                          |1={{clade
-                                             |1=''Felis lybica'' ([[African wildcat]]) [[File:Felis_caligata_-_1700-1880_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
+                                             |2=''Felis lybica'' ([[African wildcat]]) [[File:Felis_caligata_-_1700-1880_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
-                                             |label2={{fv|talkpage=Talk:Felidae#Likely_error_in_phylogeny_cladogram|date=January 2023}}
+                                             |sublabel1={{fv|talkpage=Talk:Felidae#Likely_error_in_phylogeny_cladogram|date=January 2023}}
-                                             |2=''Felis catus'' ([[Cat]]) [[File:Felis_obscura_-_1834_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-_(white_background).jpg|50px]]
+                                             |1=''Felis catus'' ([[Cat|domestic cat]]) [[File:Felis_obscura_-_1834_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-_(white_background).jpg|50px]]
+                                             }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} |label3=&nbsp;†''Pratifelis''&nbsp; |3=†''[[Pratifelis martini]]''<!-- {{small|Hibbard, 1934}} --> |label4=&nbsp;†''[[Diamantofelis]]''&nbsp; |4=†''Diamantofelis ferox'' <!-- {{small|Morales, Pickford, Soria & Fraile, 1998}} --> |label5=&nbsp;†''[[Namafelis]]''&nbsp; |5=†''Namafelis minor'' <!-- {{small|Morales, Pickford, Fraile, Salesa & Soria, 2003}} --> |label6=&nbsp;†''[[Asilifelis]]''&nbsp; |6=†''Asilifelis coteae''<!-- {{small|Werdelin, 2011}} --> |label7=&nbsp;†''[[Leptofelis]]''&nbsp; |7=†''Leptofelis vallesiensis'' <!-- {{small|Salesa, Siliceo, Antón, Peigné & Morales, 2017}} --> |label8=&nbsp;†''[[Katifelis]]''&nbsp; |8=†''Katifelis nightingalei'' <!-- {{small|Adrian, Werdelin & Grossman, 2018}} --> }} |2={{clade|1=&nbsp;'''[[Pantherinae]]'''&nbsp; [[File:General_zoology,_or_Systematic_natural_history_(Plate_82)_(6302814666).jpg|frameless|x50px]]|label2=&nbsp;†''[[Miopanthera]]''&nbsp;|2={{clade|0=†''Miopanthera lorteti''<!-- {{small|Gaillard, 1899}} reclassified to felidae?-->|1=†''Miopanthera pamiri''<!-- {{small|Ozansoy, 1965}} -->}} }} }} }}
-                                             }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
 ==See also==