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Revision as of 19:22, 8 February 2023

Belarusian passport

Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Belarus by the authorities of other states. As of 19 July 2022, Belarusian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 78 countries and territories, ranking the Belarusian passport 71st in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens
  Belarus
  Visa free access
  Visa issued upon arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[2]
 Albania Visa not required[3][4] 30 days
  • 90 days within one calendar year
 Algeria Visa required[5]
 Andorra Visa required[6]
 Angola Visa required[7]
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[8] 180 days
 Argentina Visa not required[9] 90 days
  • 90 days within any year period[10]
 Armenia Visa not required[11] 180 days
  • 180 days during one year
 Australia eVisa[12]
  • Apply online (Online Visitor e600 visa).[13]
  • Dual nationals of Australia must enter and depart using their Australian passport.
 Austria Visa required[14]
 Azerbaijan Visa not required[15] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
  • Who are of Armenian descent Government of Azerbaijan bans the entry.
 Bahamas eVisa[16] 3 months
  • 100$ for a single-entry visa or 110$ for multiply entry
 Bahrain eVisa[17] 14 days
  • For holders of UAE, UK, USA, KSA, Schengen Visa or USA Green Card
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[18][19] 30 days
 Barbados Visa not required[20] 28 days
 Belgium Visa required[21]
 Belize Visa required[22][23]
  • No visa required for holders of a valid multiple entry visa or Permanent Residence Card from the USA, multiple entry Schengen visa, multiple entry visa or Permanent Residence Card from Canada
 Benin eVisa[24][25] 30 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan Visa required[26]
 Bolivia Visa on arrival[27] 90 days
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa required[28]
  • No visa required for holders of multiple-entry visa issued by Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Ireland, Monaco, Romania, USA or a Schengen Member State for a maximum stay of 30 days. A total of 90 days is granted within 6 months.
 Botswana eVisa[29] 3 months
 Brazil Visa not required[30] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Brunei Visa required[31]
 Bulgaria Visa required[32]
 Burkina Faso Visa required[33]
 Burundi Visa on arrival[34] 1 month
  • Travelers can obtain a 30-day visa upon arrival at the Bujumbura Airport with a payment of $90 for multiple entries and $70 for a single entry.
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[35] 30 days
 Cameroon Visa required[36]
 Canada Visa required[37][38]
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[39] 90 days
  • Visa on arrival may obtain at Sal, Boa Vista, Sao Vicente and Santiago international airports. The visa allows you to stay for 90 days. Passport must is valid for at least another 6 months after the travel date.[40]
 Central African Republic Visa required[41]
 Chad Visa required[42]
 Chile Visa required[43]
 China Visa not required[44] 30 days
  • Visa free for 30 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any year period.[45]
 Colombia Online Visa[46][47]
 Comoros Visa on arrival[48] 45 days
  • Nationals of any country can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 45 days.[49]

Based on the government website, visa fees are:[50]

  • 30.00 euros or US$50.00 for stays of up to 45 days
  • Free of charge for transit visitors with a stay for a maximum of 24 hours

All visitors must hold a passport valid for 6 months and return or onward tickets.[49]

 Republic of the Congo Visa required[51]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[52][53]
 Costa Rica Visa required[54]
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[55] 3 months
 Croatia Visa required[56]
 Cuba Visa not required[57] 30 days
 Cyprus Visa required[58]
 Czech Republic Visa required[59]
 Denmark Visa required[60]
 Djibouti eVisa[61] 31 days
 Dominica Visa not required[62] 21 days
 Dominican Republic Visa required[63]
 Ecuador Visa not required[64] 90 days
 Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[65] 1 month
  • VOA is available in any land, air or sea port of entry for 25$, or eVisa is available (25$ for once and 60$ for multi entry)
 El Salvador Visa required[66]
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[67]
 Eritrea Visa required[68]
 Estonia Visa required[69]
 Eswatini Visa required[70]
 Ethiopia eVisa[71] up to 90 days
 Fiji Online Visa required[72]
 Finland Visa required[73]
 France Visa required[74]
 Gabon eVisa[75] 30 days
 Gambia Visa not required[76] 90 days
 Georgia Visa not required[77] 1 year
 Germany Visa required[78]
 Ghana Visa required[79]
 Greece Visa required[80]
 Grenada Visa on arrival[81]
  • A pre-clearance letter issued by Grenada required for visa on arrival
 Guatemala Visa required[82][83]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 90 days for holders of a valid visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State .
 Guinea eVisa[84] 90 days
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[85] 90 days
 Guyana Visa required[86]
  • Visa on arrival for holders of a letter of invitation from sponsor or host.
 Haiti Visa not required[87] 3 months
 Honduras Visa required[88]
  • No visa required for holders of a visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State valid for at least 6 months on arrival.
 Hungary Visa required[89]
 Iceland Visa required[90]
 India eVisa[91] 90 days
 Indonesia e-VOA / Visa on arrival[92] 30 days[93][94]
 Iran eVisa/Visa on arrival 30 days[95]
 Iraq Visa required[96]
 Ireland Visa required[97]
  • Visa waiver for UK 'C' visa holders until October 2026.
 Israel Visa not required[99] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Italy Visa required[100]
 Jamaica Visa on arrival[101] 30 days

Visa waived for holders of a visa issued by Canada, USA, United Kingdom or a Schengen Member State, valid for the period of intended stay. They must travel as tourists for a maximum stay of 30 days. They must also have a vaccination certificate for Measles, Polio and Rubella.

 Japan Visa required[102]
 Jordan Visa on arrival[103] 30 days
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[104] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Kenya eVisa[105] 3 months
 Kiribati Visa required[106]
 North Korea Visa required[107]
 South Korea Visa required[108]
 Kuwait Visa required[109]
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[110] 90 days
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[111][112] 30 days
 Latvia Visa required[116]
 Lebanon Free visa on arrival[117] 1 month
  • Extendable for 2 additional months
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 Lesotho eVisa[118][119] 44 days
  • A single-entry eVisa for Lesotho stays valid for 44 days from issuing, while the multiple-entry one stays effective for 180 days. Both electronic Lesotho visa types can be used for tourism and business purposes.
 Liberia Visa required[120]
 Libya Visa required[121]
 Liechtenstein Visa required[122]
 Lithuania Visa required[123]
 Luxembourg Visa required[124]
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[125] 90 days
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[126][127] 90 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[128] 30 days
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[129] 30 days
 Mali Visa required[130]
 Malta Visa required[131]
 Marshall Islands Visa required[132]
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[133] 30 days
 Mauritius Visa on arrival[134] 60 days
 Mexico Visa required[135] To stay without a visa for up to 180 days the traveller must:
  • Hold a permanent residency or a valid visa from Canada, USA, Japan, UK, Ireland, or any of the Schengen member states OR
  • Hold a permanent residency in Chile, Colombia, or Peru.
 Micronesia Visa not required[136] 30 days
 Moldova Visa not required[137] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Monaco Visa required[138]
 Mongolia Visa not required[139] 90 days
 Montenegro Visa not required[140][141] 30 days
 Morocco Visa required[142][143]
  • eVisa is available for holders of residence permit or non-electronic visas of Schengen countries, the United States Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and New Zealand, with multiple entries and that are valid for at least 90 days as of the date of submission of the eVisa application
 Mozambique eVisa / Visa on arrival[144][145] 30 days
 Myanmar eVisa[146] 28 days
 Namibia Visa not required[147] 3 months
 Nauru Visa required[148]
  • Visa applications are made by emailing the Nauru Immigration with necessary details. Visa cost is 50$
   Nepal eVisa/Visa on arrival[149] 30 days
  • 15 Days - USD 30?, 30 Days – USD 50, 90 Days – USD 125
 Netherlands Visa required[150]
 New Zealand Visa required[151]
  • Diplomatic and service passports with the former USSR symbol issued in Belarus, as well as USSR standard and Belarus standard passports issued in Belarus which do not bear multiple exit stamps, are unacceptable and visas will not be endorsed in them.[152]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[153]
 Nicaragua Visa not required[154] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[155]
 Nigeria Visa required[156]
 North Macedonia Visa not required (conditional)[157] 15 days
  • Must hold a voucher or travel through an agency.
  • 15 days visa free for multiple-entry Schengen visa (type C) holders as long as the total length of stay does not exceed 90 days in any 180-day period.
 Norway Visa required[158]
 Oman Visa not required[159] 14 days
  • eVisa is also available for 30 days
 Pakistan Online Visa[160] 90 days
 Palau Free visa on arrival[161] 30 days
 Panama Visa not required[162] 180 days
 Papua New Guinea Visa required[163]
 Paraguay Visa required[164]
 Peru Visa not required[165] 90 days
 Philippines Visa required[166]
 Poland Visa required[167]
 Portugal Visa required[168]
 Qatar Visa not required[169] 30 days
 Romania Visa required[170]
 Russia Visa not required[171]
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[174] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[175] 30 days
  • Maximum stay of 90 days in one calendar year.
 Saint Lucia Visa required[176][177]
  • Cruise ship passengers visiting for one day are exempted from obtaining visas.
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[178] 1 month
 Samoa Free entry permit on arrival[179] 60 days
 San Marino Visa required[180]
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[181] 30 days
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[182]
 Senegal Visa on arrival[183]
 Serbia Visa not required[184] 30 days
 Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[185] 3 months
 Sierra Leone Visa required[186]
 Singapore eVisa[187] 2 months
  • Visa free for 96 hours in case of transit to/from 3rd countries.[188]
 Slovakia Visa required[189]
 Slovenia Visa required[190]
 Solomon Islands Visa required[191]
 Somalia Visa on arrival[192] 30 days
 South Africa Visa required[193]
 South Sudan eVisa[194] 30 days
  • Obtainable online[195] Single Entry Visa Fees USD 100, 3 Months Multiple Entry USD 200, 6 Months Multiple Entry USD 350.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[195]
 Spain Visa required[196]
 Sri Lanka ETA / Visa on arrival[197] 30 days
  • Electronic Travel Authorization can also be obtained on arrival.[198]
  • 30 days extendable to 6 months.[199]
 Sudan Visa required[200]
 Suriname Visa not required[201] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of 25 USD or 25 Euros must be paid online prior to arrival.[202]
  • Passport should be valid for at least 6 months from your date of arrival in Suriname.
 Sweden Visa required[203]
  Switzerland Visa required[204]
 Syria Visa on arrival[205] 15 days
  • Visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 15 days.
 Tajikistan Visa not required[206] 90 days
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[207][208] 3 months
 Thailand Visa required[209]
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[210] 30 days
 Togo eVisa / Visa on arrival[211][212] 15 days / 7 days
  • Single entry for 25000 F CFA or multiple entry for 35000 or 30 days multiply entry for 45000 F CFA or 90 days multiple entry for 65000 F CFA
 Tonga Visa required[213][214]
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa required[215][216]
 Tunisia Visa not required (conditional)[217] 3 months
  • Visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 3 months. Must have return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.
  • Visa-free if travelling on an organised tour and holding a hotel voucher.
 Turkey Visa not required[218] 30 days
  • For a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180 day period
 Turkmenistan Visa required[219]
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[220] 1 month
 Uganda eVisa[221] 90 days
 Ukraine Visa not required[223] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 United Arab Emirates Visa not required[224][225] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 United Kingdom Visa required[226]
 United States Visa required[227]
 Uruguay Visa required[228]
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[229] 90 days
 Vanuatu Visa not required[230] 30 days
 Vatican City Visa required[231]
 Venezuela Visa not required[232] 90 days
  • Extension of stay possible for additional 90 days
 Vietnam Visa not required[233] 15 days
  • A single entry eVisa valid for 30 days is also available.[234]
 Yemen Visa required[235]
 Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[236] 90 days
 Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[237] 3 months

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
 Abkhazia Visa not required[238]
Mount Athos Visa required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[239][240]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa on arrival[241]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Visa required[242] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Gibraltar Visa required[243]
Norway Jan Mayen Visa required[244] Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[245] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[246]
 Kosovo Visa required[247] Visa free for multiple entry Schengen visa holders for a maximum stay of 15 days.
 Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Visa not required[248][249] Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[250]
 South Ossetia Visa not required[251][252] Three day prior notification required.
 Transnistria Visa not required[253][254] Registration required after 24h.
Africa
 British Indian Ocean Territory Visa required[255] Special permit required.
 Eritrea (outside Asmara) Visa required[256] To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa)
 Ascension Island Admission refused[257][258] From May 2015, the Ascension Island Government does not issue entry visas including eVisas to nationals of Belarus.[259]
 Saint Helena eVisa[260][261]
 Tristan da Cunha Visa required[262] Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
(Western Sahara controlled territory) 		Undefined visa regime
 Somaliland Visa on arrival[263][264] 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival
Asia
 Hong Kong Visa not required[265] 30 days[266]
 India PAP/RAP Visa required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for all of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram and parts of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[267][268][269][270][271]
 Macao Visa not required[272] 30 days
 Palestine Visa not required[273] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.
 Taiwan Visa required[274]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province Visa required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[275][276][277]
China Tibet Autonomous Region Visa required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[278][279][280]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
Caribbean and North Atlantic
 Anguilla Visa required[281]
 Aruba Visa required[282]
 Bermuda Visa required[283]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa required[284]
 British Virgin Islands Visa required[285]
 Cayman Islands Visa on arrival[286]
 Curacao Visa required[287]
France French Guiana Visa required[288]
France French West Indies Visa required[289]
 Montserrat Visa required[290]
 Puerto Rico Visa required[291]
 Sint Maarten Visa required[292]
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa required[293]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[294]
Oceania
 American Samoa Visa required[295]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Visa required Special authorisation required.[296]
France Clipperton Island Visa required Special permit required.[297]
 Cook Islands Visa not required[298] 31 days
 French Polynesia Visa required[299]
 Guam Visa required[300]
 Niue Visa on arrival[301] 30 days
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required[302][303][304] 14 days visa free and landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.
 Tokelau Entry permit required[305]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Visa required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[306][307][308][309][310][311][312]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
 Falkland Islands Visa required[313]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Visa required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[314][315]
Antarctica Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[316][317][318][319][320][321][322][323][324][325][326][327]

Permission stamps

Until 1 January 2008, Belarusian citizens had to apply for permission stamps in their passports in order to cross Belarusian borders. Permission stamps were only issued if there were no specific legal restrictions for their travel.

In 2002, the Constitutional Court of Belarus stated in its decision that permission stamps were not constitutional. The Council of Ministers was ordered to propose a different kind of a citizen border control before 1 January 2006.

The decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated 17 December 2007 finally abolished permission stamps.

Non-visa restrictions

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[328] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[329] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[330]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[331][332]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[333][334] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[335]

Some countries, such as Japan,[336] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[337] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[338] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[339] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[340] Philippines,[341] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[342]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[343] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[344] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[345]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[346] Lebanon,[347] Libya,[348] and Yemen[349] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[350]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[351][352] Argentina,[353] Brunei, Cambodia,[354] China,[355] Ethiopia,[356] Ghana, Guinea,[357] India, Japan,[358][359] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[360] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[361] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[362] Singapore, South Korea,[363] Taiwan, Thailand,[364] Uganda,[365] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[366][367][368] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[369]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[370] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[371][372]

See also

References and Notes

References
  1. ^ "Global Ranking – Passport Index 2022" (PDF). Henley & Partners. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  2. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  3. ^ https://punetejashtme.gov.al/en/regjimi-i-vizave-per-te-huajt/
  4. ^ https://punetejashtme.gov.al/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/3-VISA-REGIME-FOR-FOREIGN-CITIZNES-21.04.2022.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  5. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  6. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  7. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  328. ^ Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  329. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
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  331. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  332. ^ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
  333. ^ "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  334. ^ "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  335. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  336. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  337. ^ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  338. ^ Bahrain government website
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  340. ^ "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  341. ^ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  342. ^ Timatic
  343. ^ "Maldives Reduces Passport Validity Requirement of Minimum 6 Months to Just 1 Month". Corporate Maldives. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
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  346. ^ "Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 2012-11-16. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
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  350. ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
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  352. ^ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  353. ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
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  355. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
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  360. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  361. ^ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
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  365. ^ AfricaNews (2019-01-14). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  366. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  367. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  368. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  369. ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  370. ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  371. ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  372. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
Notes
  1. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  2. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  3. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  4. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Khamsavath - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
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