User:Thunderbear65/Developmental plasticity: Difference between revisions
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Regarding humans, '''developmental plasticity''' is a general term referring to changes in neural connections during development as a result of environmental interactions as well as neural changes induced by learning. Much like [[neuroplasticity]], [[ or brain plasticity]], developmental plasticity is specific to the change in neurons and synaptic connections as a consequence of developmental processes. A child creates most of these connections from birth to early childhood. Developmental plasticity may also be used in place of the term [[phenotypic plasticity]] when an organism in an embryonic or larval stage can alter its phenotype based on environmental factors.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gilbert |first=Scott F. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/905089531 |title=Ecological developmental biology : the environmental regulation of development, health, and evolution |date=2015 |others=David Epel |isbn=978-1-60535-344-9 |edition=2nd |location=Sunderland, Massachusetts, U.S.A. |oclc=905089531}}</ref> However, a main difference between the two is that phenotypic plasticity experienced during adulthood can be reversible, whereas traits that are considered developmentally plastic set foundations during early development that remain throughout the life of the organism<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lafuente |first=Elvira |last2=Beldade |first2=Patrícia |date=2019 |title=Genomics of Developmental Plasticity in Animals |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2019.00720 |journal=Frontiers in Genetics |volume=10 |doi=10.3389/fgene.2019.00720 |issn=1664-8021 |pmc=PMC6709652 |pmid=31481970}}</ref> |
Regarding humans, '''developmental plasticity''' is a general term referring to changes in neural connections during development as a result of environmental interactions as well as neural changes induced by learning.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kolb |first=Bryan |last2=Gibb |first2=Robbin |date=2011 |title=Brain plasticity and behaviour in the developing brain |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22114608 |journal=Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal De l'Academie Canadienne De Psychiatrie De L'enfant Et De L'adolescent |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=265–276 |issn=2293-6122 |pmc=3222570 |pmid=22114608}}</ref> Much like [[neuroplasticity]], [[ or brain plasticity]], developmental plasticity is specific to the change in neurons and synaptic connections as a consequence of developmental processes. A child creates most of these connections from birth to early childhood. There are three primary methods by which this may occur as the brain develops,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kania |first=Bogdan Feliks |last2=Wrońska |first2=Danuta |last3=Zięba |first3=Dorota |date=2017-02-06 |title=Introduction to Neural Plasticity Mechanism |url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Introduction-to-Neural-Plasticity-Mechanism-Kania-Wrońska/358f93faeffe0618f0fe0eb71005ce98d9e80241 |journal=Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science |language=en |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=41–49 |doi=10.4236/jbbs.2017.72005}}</ref> but critical periods determine when lasting changes may form. Developmental plasticity may also be used in place of the term [[phenotypic plasticity]] when an organism in an embryonic or larval stage can alter its phenotype based on environmental factors.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gilbert |first=Scott F. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/905089531 |title=Ecological developmental biology : the environmental regulation of development, health, and evolution |date=2015 |others=David Epel |isbn=978-1-60535-344-9 |edition=2nd |location=Sunderland, Massachusetts, U.S.A. |oclc=905089531}}</ref> However, a main difference between the two is that phenotypic plasticity experienced during adulthood can be reversible, whereas traits that are considered developmentally plastic set foundations during early development that remain throughout the life of the organism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lafuente |first=Elvira |last2=Beldade |first2=Patrícia |date=2019 |title=Genomics of Developmental Plasticity in Animals |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2019.00720 |journal=Frontiers in Genetics |volume=10 |doi=10.3389/fgene.2019.00720 |issn=1664-8021 |pmc=PMC6709652 |pmid=31481970}}</ref> |
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=== Article body === |
=== Article body === |
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Revision as of 01:04, 27 February 2023
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Article Draft
Lead
Regarding humans, developmental plasticity is a general term referring to changes in neural connections during development as a result of environmental interactions as well as neural changes induced by learning.[1] Much like neuroplasticity, or brain plasticity, developmental plasticity is specific to the change in neurons and synaptic connections as a consequence of developmental processes. A child creates most of these connections from birth to early childhood. There are three primary methods by which this may occur as the brain develops,[2] but critical periods determine when lasting changes may form. Developmental plasticity may also be used in place of the term phenotypic plasticity when an organism in an embryonic or larval stage can alter its phenotype based on environmental factors.[3] However, a main difference between the two is that phenotypic plasticity experienced during adulthood can be reversible, whereas traits that are considered developmentally plastic set foundations during early development that remain throughout the life of the organism.[4]
Article body
Environmental Cues
Environmental cues in either the mother's or the developing embryo's environment can result in changes in the embryo.
- Predator Cues
- Light cues
- Temperature cues
References
- ^ Kolb, Bryan; Gibb, Robbin (2011). "Brain plasticity and behaviour in the developing brain". Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal De l'Academie Canadienne De Psychiatrie De L'enfant Et De L'adolescent. 20 (4): 265–276. ISSN 2293-6122. PMC 3222570. PMID 22114608.
- ^ Kania, Bogdan Feliks; Wrońska, Danuta; Zięba, Dorota (2017-02-06). "Introduction to Neural Plasticity Mechanism". Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science. 7 (2): 41–49. doi:10.4236/jbbs.2017.72005.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Gilbert, Scott F. (2015). Ecological developmental biology : the environmental regulation of development, health, and evolution. David Epel (2nd ed.). Sunderland, Massachusetts, U.S.A. ISBN 978-1-60535-344-9. OCLC 905089531.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Lafuente, Elvira; Beldade, Patrícia (2019). "Genomics of Developmental Plasticity in Animals". Frontiers in Genetics. 10. doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00720. ISSN 1664-8021. PMC 6709652. PMID 31481970.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)