Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj: Difference between revisions
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| name = Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj<br/>{{lang|ar|مسلم بن الحجاج}} |
| name = Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj<br/>{{lang|ar|مسلم بن الحجاج}} |
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| caption = |
| caption = |
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| title = Imām Muslim |
| title = Imām Muslim<br>Asakir al-Din |
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| birth_date = after {{Circa}} 815 |
| birth_date = after {{Circa}} 815 |
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| birth_place = [[Nishapur]], [[Abbasid Caliphate]] (present-day [[Iran]]) |
| birth_place = [[Nishapur]], [[Abbasid Caliphate]] (present-day [[Iran]]) |
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| religion = [[Islam]] |
| religion = [[Islam]] |
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| denomination = [[Sunni]] |
| denomination = [[Sunni]] |
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| school = [[Shafi'i]] |
| school = [[Shafi'i]] |
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| alma_mater = |
| alma_mater = |
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| main_interests = [[Hadith]] [[Aqidah]] |
| main_interests = [[Hadith]] [[Aqidah]] |
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| ⚫ | '''Abu al-Husayn Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj ibn Muslim al-Naysaburi''' ({{lang-ar|أبو الحسين مسلم ابن الحجاج ابن مسلم النيسابوري|translit=Abū al-Ḥusayn Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj al-Naysābūrī}}; {{Circa|817/822}}–May 875) was an [[Islamic scholar]] from the city of [[Nishapur]], particularly known as a ''[[muhaddith]]'' (scholar of [[hadith]]). His hadith collection, known as ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'', is one of the [[Kutub al-Sittah|six major hadith collections]] in [[Sunni Islam]] and is regarded as one of the two most authentic (''[[sahih]]'') collections, alongside ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]''. |
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'''Abū al-Ḥusayn ‘Asākir ad-Dīn Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj ibn Muslim ibn Ward ibn Kawshādh [[Banu Qushayr|al-Qushayrī]] an-Naysābūrī'''{{#tag:ref |
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| ⚫ | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj was born in the town of [[Nishapur]]<ref name="EDI7">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/EncyclopaediaDictionaryIslamMuslimWorldEtcGibbKramerScholars.13/07.EncycIslam.NewEdPrepNumLeadOrient.EdEdComCon.BosDonLewPel.etc.UndPatIUA.v7.Mif-Naz.Leid.EJBrill.1993./page/n744/mode/1up|title=Encyclopaedia Dictionary Islam Muslim World, etc, Gibb, Kramer volume 7. 1960-2004.1875.2009.|last=Oriental Scholars|first=|page=691}}</ref> in the [[Abbasid]] province of [[Greater Khorasan|Khorasan]], in present-day northeastern [[Iran]]. Historians differ as to his date of birth, though it is usually given as 202 AH (817/818),<ref name="siddiqui"/><ref name="ahmad"/> 204 AH (819/820),<ref name="abdulmawjood"/><ref name="ali"/> or 206 AH (821/822).<ref name="siddiqui"/><ref name="ahmad"/><ref name="ibnkhallikan"/> Muslim belonged to [[Banu Qushayr]]. |
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| ⚫ | The name of his father has sometimes been given as {{lang|ar|حجاج}} (''Ḥajjāj'') instead of {{lang|ar|الحجاج}} (''al-Ḥajjāj''). The name of his great-great-grandfather has variously been given as {{lang|ar|كوشاذ}} (''Kūshādh''<ref name="abdulmawjood2" /> or ''Kawshādh''), {{lang|ar|كرشان}}‎<ref name="Awali19852" /> (''Kirshān'', ''Kurshān'', or ''Karshān''), or {{lang|ar|كوشان}} (''Kūshān or Kawshān''). His title was ‘Asākir al-Dīn. |
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| ⚫ | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj was born in the town of [[Nishapur]]<ref name="EDI7">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/EncyclopaediaDictionaryIslamMuslimWorldEtcGibbKramerScholars.13/07.EncycIslam.NewEdPrepNumLeadOrient.EdEdComCon.BosDonLewPel.etc.UndPatIUA.v7.Mif-Naz.Leid.EJBrill.1993./page/n744/mode/1up|title=Encyclopaedia Dictionary Islam Muslim World, etc, Gibb, Kramer volume 7. 1960-2004.1875.2009.|last=Oriental Scholars|first=|page=691}}</ref> in the [[Abbasid]] province of [[Greater Khorasan|Khorasan]], in present-day northeastern [[Iran]]. Historians differ as to his date of birth, though it is usually given as 202 AH (817/818),<ref name="siddiqui"/><ref name="ahmad"/> 204 AH (819/820),<ref name="abdulmawjood"/><ref name="ali"/> or 206 AH (821/822).<ref name="siddiqui"/><ref name="ahmad"/><ref name="ibnkhallikan"/> |
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[[Al-Dhahabi]] said, "It is said that he was born in the year 204 AH," though he also said, "But I think he was born before that."<ref name="abdulmawjood"/> |
[[Al-Dhahabi]] said, "It is said that he was born in the year 204 AH," though he also said, "But I think he was born before that."<ref name="abdulmawjood"/> |
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Revision as of 05:05, 4 March 2023
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Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj مسلم بن الحجاج | |
|---|---|
| Title | Imām Muslim Asakir al-Din |
| Personal life | |
| Born | after c. 815 |
| Died | May c. 875 Nasarabad, Abbasid Caliphate (present-day Iran) |
| Resting place | Nasarabad |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age (Abbasid era) |
| Region | Abbasid Caliphate |
| Main interest(s) | Hadith Aqidah |
| Notable work(s) | Sahih Muslim |
| Occupation | Islamic scholar, Muhaddith |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| School | Shafi'i |
| Jurisprudence | Ijtihad |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Abu al-Husayn Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj ibn Muslim al-Naysaburi (Template:Lang-ar; c. 817/822–May 875) was an Islamic scholar from the city of Nishapur, particularly known as a muhaddith (scholar of hadith). His hadith collection, known as Sahih Muslim, is one of the six major hadith collections in Sunni Islam and is regarded as one of the two most authentic (sahih) collections, alongside Sahih al-Bukhari.
Biography
Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj was born in the town of Nishapur[3] in the Abbasid province of Khorasan, in present-day northeastern Iran. Historians differ as to his date of birth, though it is usually given as 202 AH (817/818),[4][5] 204 AH (819/820),[6][7] or 206 AH (821/822).[4][5][8] Muslim belonged to Banu Qushayr.
The name of his father has sometimes been given as حجاج (Ḥajjāj) instead of الحجاج (al-Ḥajjāj). The name of his great-great-grandfather has variously been given as كوشاذ (Kūshādh[9] or Kawshādh), كرشان[10] (Kirshān, Kurshān, or Karshān), or كوشان (Kūshān or Kawshān). His title was ‘Asākir al-Dīn.
Al-Dhahabi said, "It is said that he was born in the year 204 AH," though he also said, "But I think he was born before that."[6]
Ibn Khallikan could find no report of Muslim's date of birth, or age at death, by any of the ḥuffāẓ (hadith masters), except their agreement that he was born after 200 AH (815/816). Ibn Khallikan cites Ibn al-Salah, who cites Ibn al-Bayyiʿ's Kitab ʿUlama al-Amsar, in the claim that Muslim was 55 years old when he died on 25 Rajab, 261 AH (May 875)[8] and therefore his year of birth must have been 206 AH (821/822).
Ibn al-Bayyiʿ reports that he was buried in Nasarabad, a suburb of Nishapur.
According to scholars, he was of Arab or Persian origin.[11][12] The nisbah of "al-Qushayri" signifies Muslim's belonging to the Arab tribe of Banu Qushayr, members of which migrated to the newly conquered Persian territory during the expansion of the Rashidun Caliphate.[7] The 14th-century Arab scholar Al-Dhahabi stated that he may have been a mawla of Persian descent, attributed to the Qushayr tribe by way of wala' (alliance). An ancestor of Muslim may have been a freed slave of a Qushayri, or may have accepted Islam at the hands of a Qushayri. According to two other scholars, Ibn al-Athīr and Ibn al-Salāh, he was actually an Arab member of that tribe of which his family had migrated to Iran nearly two centuries earlier following the conquest.[6] The majority of Scholars including the Brillant Spaniard muslim scientist (Ibn Al Hazm) considered him as an Actual member of Arab tribe.
Estimates on the number of hadiths in his books vary from 3,033 to 12,000, depending on whether duplicates are included, or only the text (isnad) is. His Sahih ("authentic") is said to share about 2000 hadiths with Bukhari's Sahih.[13]
The author's teachers included Harmala ibn Yahya, Sa'id ibn Mansur, Abd-Allah ibn Maslamah al-Qa'nabi, al-Dhuhali, al-Bukhari, Ibn Ma'in, Yahya ibn Yahya al-Nishaburi al-Tamimi, and others. Among his students were al-Tirmidhi, Ibn Abi Hatim al-Razi, and Ibn Khuzaymah, each of whom also wrote works on hadith. After his studies throughout the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt, Iraq and Syria, he settled in his hometown of Nishapur, where he met, and became a lifelong friend of al-Bukhari.
Legacy
The Sunni scholar, Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh was first to recommend Muslim's work.[14]
Ishaq's contemporaries did not at first accept this; Abu Zur‘a al-Razi objected that Muslim had omitted too much material which Muslim himself recognised as authentic and that he included transmitters who were weak.[15]
Ibn Abi Hatim (d. 327/938) later accepted Muslim as "trustworthy, one of the hadith masters with knowledge of hadith"; but this contrasts with much more fulsome praise of Abu Zur‘a and also his father Abu Hatim. It is similar with Ibn al-Nadim.[16]
Muslim's book gradually increased in stature such that it is considered among Sunni Muslims the most authentic collections of hadith, second only to Sahih Bukhari.
Works
- Sahih Muslim: his collection of authentic hadith
Notes
References
- ^ Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1990). ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn Balūshī (ed.). Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.). Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān. pp. 150–165.
- ^ "منهج الإمام مسلم بن الحجاج". www.ibnamin.com. Archived from the original on 2018-10-30. Retrieved 2006-09-23.
- ^ Oriental Scholars. Encyclopaedia Dictionary Islam Muslim World, etc, Gibb, Kramer volume 7. 1960-2004.1875.2009. p. 691.
- ^ a b Abdul Hamid Siddiqui. "Imam Muslim". Archived from the original on 2012-10-31. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
- ^ a b K. J. Ahmad (1987). Hundred Great Muslims. Des Plaines, Illinois: Library of Islam. ISBN 0933511167.
- ^ a b c Salahuddin ʿAli Abdul Mawjood (2007). The Biography of Imam Muslim bin al-Hajjaj. Translated by Abu Bakr Ibn Nasir. Riyadh: Darussalam. ISBN 978-9960988191.
- ^ a b Syed Bashir Ali (2003). Scholars of Hadith. The Makers of Islamic Civilization Series. Malaysia: IQRAʼ International Educational Foundation. ISBN 1563162040. Archived from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2016-01-07.
- ^ a b Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khallikan (1868) [Corrected reprint]. Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary. Vol. III. Translated by William McGuckin de Slane. Paris: Oriental translation fund of Great Britain and Ireland. p. 349. Archived from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2016-01-07.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
abdulmawjood2was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Awali19852was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ R.N. Frye, ed. (1975). The Cambridge history of Iran. London: Cambridge University Press. p. 471. ISBN 978-0-521-20093-6.
- ^ al-Qushayrī, Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj; Shahryar, Aftab (2004-01-01). صحيح مسلم. Islamic Book Service. ISBN 9788172315924. Archived from the original on 2021-09-30. Retrieved 2020-12-15.
- ^ Lu'lu wal Marjan says 1900; Abi Bakr Muhammad b. 'Abdallah al-Jawzaqi apud Brown, 84 counted 2326.
- ^ mardi keh in bud; al-Hakim, Ma‘rifat ‘ulum al-hadith, 98 apud Jonathan Brown, The Canonization of al-Bukhari and Muslim (Brill, 2007), p. 86
- ^ Brown, 91-2, 155
- ^ Brown, p. 88–89
Cite error: A list-defined reference named "Awali1985" is not used in the content (see the help page).
External links
- Biodata at MuslimScholars.info
- Biography at Sunnah.com
- Short Bio of Imam Muslim
- Biography of Imam Muslim
- English translation of Sahih Muslim
- Interactive Family tree of Imam Muslim by Happy Books
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