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Coordinates: 44°11′40.7″N 72°30′23.4″W / 44.194639°N 72.506500°W / 44.194639; -72.506500
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{{short description|City in Vermont, United States}}
{{short description|City in Vermont, United States}}
{{distinguish|Barre, Vermont (city)}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Barre, Vermont
| official_name = Barre, Vermont

Revision as of 17:45, 30 March 2023

Not to be confused with Barre, Vermont (city).
Barre, Vermont
City
"Youth Triumphant" welcomes visitors to Barre
"Youth Triumphant" welcomes visitors to Barre
Flag of Barre, Vermont
Flag
Official seal of Barre, Vermont
Seal
Nickname: 
Granite Center of the World
Location in Washington County and the state of Vermont.
Location in Washington County and the state of Vermont.
Barre is located in Vermont
Barre
Barre
Location in the United States
Barre is located in the United States
Barre
Barre
Barre (the United States)
Coordinates: 44°11′40.7″N 72°30′23.4″W / 44.194639°N 72.506500°W / 44.194639; -72.506500
CountryUnited States
State Vermont
CountyWashington
Incorporated1895
Named forIsaac Barré
Government
 • MayorJake Hemmerick
Area
[1]
 • City
3.98 sq mi (10.31 km2)
 • Land3.95 sq mi (10.22 km2)
 • Water0.03 sq mi (0.08 km2)
Elevation
609 ft (186 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • City
8,491
 • Density2,160.63/sq mi (834.29/km2)
 • Metro
59,626
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP code
05641
Area code802
FIPS code50-03175[2]
GNIS feature ID1462035[2]
Websitewww.barrecity.org

Barre (/ˈbæri/ BARR-ee) is the most populous city in Washington County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the municipal population was 8,491.[3] Popularly referred to as "Barre City", it is almost completely surrounded by "Barre Town", which is a separate municipality.

Barre is often twinned with the nearby Vermont state capital of Montpelier in local media and businesses. It is the main city in the Barre-Montpelier micropolitan area, which has nearly 60,000 residents and is Vermont's third largest metropolitan area after those of Burlington and Rutland. Barre is also Vermont's fifth largest city.

History

City Hall and park in c. 1910

On November 6, 1780, the land was granted to William Williams and 64 others. Originally called Wildersburgh, it included what is today both the town and city of Barre. It was first settled in 1788 by John Goldsbury and Samuel Rodgers, together with their families. But dissatisfied with the name Wildersburgh, citizens renamed the town after Isaac Barré, a champion of the American Colonies. In 1895, 4.0 square miles (10.4 km2) within the town was set off and incorporated as the separate city. "In 1780 a tract of 19,900 acres of land in Vermont was chartered under the name of "Wildersburgh" to a number of proprietors. At a town-meeting of the inhabitants of this tract held in September, 1793, it was agreed that a house of worship should be erected, and it was voted that the man who would give the most towards building the same should have the right to name the township. Ezekiel Dodge Wheeler bid £62, and was permitted to name the township "Barre"—for Barre, Massachusetts, whence some of the settlers of the new township had emigrated."[4]

Granite industry

Barre Granite
The downtown post office is one of many Barre buildings made from local granite
Barre's Hope Cemetery is widely known for its elaborate granite headstones[5]
The Stonecutter Memorial is a tribute to Barre's Italian stonecutter heritage

Barre is the self-proclaimed "Granite Center of the World". Initially established with the discovery of vast granite deposits at Millstone Hill soon after the War of 1812, the granite industry and the city itself saw a boom with the arrival of the railroad.[6] The fame of this vast deposit of granite, which some geologists say is 4 miles (6.4 km) long, 2 miles (3.2 km) wide and 10 miles (16 km) deep, soon spread to Europe and Canada. Large numbers of people migrated to Barre from Italy, Scotland, Spain, Scandinavia, Greece, Lebanon, Canada, and a number of other countries. The population increased from 2,060 in 1880, to 6,790 in 1890, to 10,000 in 1894. By the turn of the century, Barre was noted as the state's most diverse city.

Millstone Hill is now the site of a recreational, wooded trail network, where the mining holes and grout piles are still peppered throughout.

The Italian immigrants in particular brought a radical, largely anarchist labor movement to Barre. In the 1920s and 1930s, a number of granite strikes roiled the city; some disputes concerned wages, but workers increasingly mobilized to address health and hazard in the quarries and "sheds." The strike of 1922, arguably fought to a draw, raised ethnic tensions; French Canadians were painted as strikebreakers.[7] The Quarry Workers' International Union of North America was based in Barre. They were originally affiliated with the Socialist Labor Party before affiliating with the Industrial Workers of the World, and in 1916 and in 1929 the city elected a Socialist Party candidate as mayor of Barre. The old Socialist Labor Party Hall is still standing, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

"Barre Gray" granite is sought after worldwide for its fine grain, even texture, and superior weather resistance. Many sculpture artists prefer it for outdoor sculpture.[8] In 1936 the granite quarry in Barre carved out a 35-ton cross from one section of stone in the quarry.[9]

Hope Cemetery in Barre displays extensive examples of the sculptors' art.

Geography and climate

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.0 square miles (10.4 km2), all land. Barre is drained by the Stevens Branch River and Jail Branch River, tributaries of the Winooski River.

The city is served by Interstate 89, U.S. Route 302, Vermont Route 14 and Vermont Route 62. It is bordered by the town of Berlin to the west, but is otherwise surrounded by the separate Town of Barre.

Climate data for Montpelier, VT (Edward F. Knapp State Airport) 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1948–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 66
(19) 		70
(21) 		82
(28) 		90
(32) 		91
(33) 		95
(35) 		97
(36) 		97
(36) 		92
(33) 		85
(29) 		76
(24) 		67
(19) 		97
(36)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 50.3
(10.2) 		50.0
(10.0) 		59.8
(15.4) 		75.6
(24.2) 		83.8
(28.8) 		87.9
(31.1) 		88.4
(31.3) 		87.0
(30.6) 		83.7
(28.7) 		74.5
(23.6) 		65.0
(18.3) 		51.9
(11.1) 		90.2
(32.3)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 25.8
(−3.4) 		28.9
(−1.7) 		37.6
(3.1) 		51.5
(10.8) 		65.0
(18.3) 		73.2
(22.9) 		77.6
(25.3) 		76.1
(24.5) 		68.6
(20.3) 		55.3
(12.9) 		42.8
(6.0) 		31.3
(−0.4) 		52.8
(11.6)
Daily mean °F (°C) 16.6
(−8.6) 		18.9
(−7.3) 		27.9
(−2.3) 		40.9
(4.9) 		53.3
(11.8) 		61.8
(16.6) 		66.5
(19.2) 		64.9
(18.3) 		57.4
(14.1) 		45.5
(7.5) 		34.4
(1.3) 		23.2
(−4.9) 		42.6
(5.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 7.4
(−13.7) 		8.9
(−12.8) 		18.1
(−7.7) 		30.3
(−0.9) 		41.7
(5.4) 		50.5
(10.3) 		55.5
(13.1) 		53.7
(12.1) 		46.3
(7.9) 		35.7
(2.1) 		26.0
(−3.3) 		15.1
(−9.4) 		32.4
(0.2)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −16.7
(−27.1) 		−12.0
(−24.4) 		−4.3
(−20.2) 		17.0
(−8.3) 		28.5
(−1.9) 		37.8
(3.2) 		45.1
(7.3) 		43.1
(6.2) 		32.3
(0.2) 		22.6
(−5.2) 		9.1
(−12.7) 		−6.9
(−21.6) 		−19.2
(−28.4)
Record low °F (°C) −34
(−37) 		−29
(−34) 		−18
(−28) 		2
(−17) 		20
(−7) 		29
(−2) 		35
(2) 		31
(−1) 		20
(−7) 		14
(−10) 		−7
(−22) 		−27
(−33) 		−34
(−37)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.32
(59) 		2.06
(52) 		2.49
(63) 		3.04
(77) 		3.52
(89) 		4.21
(107) 		4.27
(108) 		3.81
(97) 		3.33
(85) 		3.87
(98) 		2.85
(72) 		2.93
(74) 		38.70
(983)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 22.6
(57) 		18.0
(46) 		16.8
(43) 		4.9
(12) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.9
(2.3) 		9.1
(23) 		21.9
(56) 		94.2
(239)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 13.6 13.2 12.7 13.5 13.9 14.4 14.0 12.6 10.9 13.9 13.9 15.4 162.0
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 12.0 9.1 7.5 3.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 5.7 11.7 50.2
Average ultraviolet index 1 2 3 5 7 8 8 7 5 3 2 1 4
Source 1: NOAA (snow 1981–2010)[10][11][12]
Source 2: Weather Atlas[13]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18501,845—
18601,839−0.3%
18701,8822.3%
18802,0609.5%
18906,812230.7%
19008,44824.0%
191010,73427.1%
192010,008−6.8%
193011,30713.0%
194010,909−3.5%
195010,9220.1%
196010,387−4.9%
197010,209−1.7%
19809,824−3.8%
19909,482−3.5%
20009,291−2.0%
20109,052−2.6%
20208,491−6.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[14][15]

As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 9,291 people, 4,220 households, and 2,253 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,309.4 people per square mile (892.4/km2). There were 4,477 housing units at an average density of 1,112.8 per square mile (430.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.40% White, 0.48% Black or African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.52% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.68% of the population.

There were 4,220 households, out of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.0% were couples living together and joined in either marriage or civil union, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.6% were non-families. Of all households, 39.2% were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.4% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 27.0% from 45 to 69, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,393, and the median income for a family was $42,660. Males had a median income of $33,175 versus $20,319 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,724. About 9.9% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.2% of those under age 18 and 12.6% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

Alfred Hitchcock's movie The Trouble With Harry premiered at the Paramount Theater in Barre on September 27, 1955.[16][17]

Downtown Barre

Government

The Barre Partnership, Barre's official community organization, is located in the historic Wheelock Law Office[20]

The mayor of Barre is Jake Hemmerick.[21] Barre City has a "weak mayor" form of government, and mayors serve two-year terms, with nonpartisan elections held in March. The city is divided into three wards, and each ward elects two members of the city council. Councilors serve staggered two-year terms, so one council seat from each ward is up for election every March.[22]

Barre City also elects a full-time city clerk and treasurer. The current Clerk and Treasurer is Carolyn S. Dawes.[23]

The city of Barre employs a full-time city manager. Nicolas Storellicastro currently holds this position.[24]

Sports

Main article: Vermont Frost Heaves

A Premier Basketball League (PBL) team, the Vermont Frost Heaves, played its games in Barre at the Barre Auditorium and at the Memorial Auditorium in Burlington, Vermont. The team was originally owned by Sports Illustrated writer Alexander Wolff. A local group later assumed ownership and operated the Heaves until the team ceased operations in late 2010 and subjected its players to a dispersal draft.

The Vermont Mountaineers, a collegiate summer baseball team which belongs to the New England Collegiate Baseball League, plays its home games at nearby Montpelier Recreation Field.

Team Founded Sport League Stadium
Vermont Frost Heaves 2005 Basketball Premier Basketball League Barre Auditorium

Memorial Auditorium (Burlington)

Vermont Mountaineers 2003 Baseball New England Collegiate Baseball League Montpelier Recreational Field (Montpelier)

The quarter-mile, high-banked Thunder Road International Speedbowl is the premier motorsports venue in the state, and associated with notable NASCAR figures Ken Squier and Dave Moody. Vermont Governor Phil Scott often participates in the track's "Governor's Cup 150" among other events. Thunder Road is also frequented by the American Canadian Tour late-model series of New England, New York, and southeastern Canada. The track, which is located in Barre Town, was built in 1958 and has been in operation since 1960.[25]

Parks and outdoor recreation

  • City Hall Park
  • Cow Pasture (natural area)
  • Currier Park
  • Canales Woods Park
  • Dente Park
  • Municipal Swimming Pool
  • Rotary Park
  • South Barre Bike Path

Notable people

The Barre World War 1 Memorial, "Youth Triumphant", by sculptor C. Paul Jennewein

Mayors of Barre

Mayors of Barre since it was incorporated as a city include:[50][51]

  • Emery L. Smith, 1895–1896
  • John W. Gordon, 1896–1900
  • Harvey Hersey, 1900–1901
  • Nelson D. Phelps, 1901–1902
  • Charles W. Melcher, 1902–1903
  • J. Henry Jackson, 1903–1904
  • William Barclay, 1904–1907
  • John Robins, 1907–1910
  • James Mutch, 1910–1912
  • Lucius H. Thurston, 1912–1913
  • William H. Ward, 1913–1915
  • Frank E. Langley, 1915–1916
  • Robert Gordon, 1916–1917
  • Eugene C. Glysson, 1917–1920
  • Frank E. Langley, 1920–1922
  • Waldron Shield, 1922–1926
  • Frank L. Small, 1926–1928
  • Nelson E. Lewis, 1928–1929
  • Fred W. Suitor, 1929–1931
  • Edwin Keast, 1931–1932
  • William W. LaPoint, 1932–1934
  • John A. Gordon, 1934–1939
  • Edwin F. Heininger, 1939–1944
  • Chauncey M. Willey, 1944–1954
  • Reginald T. Abare, 1954–1956
  • Cornelius O. Granai, 1956–1958
  • George N. Estivill, 1958–1964
  • Cornelius O. Granai, 1964–1966
  • Garth W. Blow, 1966–1968
  • Wilfred J. Fisher, 1968–1978
  • Vergilio L. Bonacorsi, 1978–1982
  • Robert S. Duncan, 1982–1984
  • Robert A. Bergeron, 1984–1990
  • Wilfred J. Fisher, 1990–1992
  • Harry S. Monti, 1992–1996
  • Paul A. Dupre, 1996–2000
  • Harry S. Monti, 2000–2004
  • Peter D. Anthony, 2004–2006
  • Thomas J. Lauzon, 2006–2018
  • Lucas J. Herring, 2018–2022
  • Jake Hemmerick, 2022–present

See also

References

  1. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  2. ^ a b c "Barre, Vermont". Retrieved 2017-06-15.
  3. ^ U.S. Census website. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
  4. ^ Jewell, Oscar Harvey (1909). A History of Wilkes Barré. p. 616.
  5. ^ "Hope Cemetery". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  6. ^ Hooker, George Ellsworth (November 1895). LABOR AND LIFE at the BARRE GRANITE QUARRIES (PDF). Barre, VT. p. 1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  7. ^ Lacroix, Patrick (2020). "An All-American Town? Ethnicity and Memory in the Barre Granite Strike of 1922". Vermont History. 88 (1): 35–56.
  8. ^ Rich, Jack C., (1988) Materials and Methods of Sculpture, Dover Publications
  9. ^ "Thirty-Five Ton Granite Cross from One Piece of Stone" Popular Mechanics, April 1936. bottom of page 573.
  10. ^ "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 16, 2021.
  11. ^ "Station: Barre Montpelier AP, VT". U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2023-05-08. Retrieved May 16, 2021.
  12. ^ "Station: Barre Montpelier Knapp State Airport, VT". U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1981–2010). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2023-05-08. Retrieved May 16, 2021.
  13. ^ "Monthly weather forecast and climate: Montpelier, VT". Weather Atlas. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
  14. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  15. ^ "Vermont History Explorer". Retrieved August 7, 2015.
  16. ^ Internet Movie Database entry, The Trouble with Harry, accessed October 7, 2018
  17. ^ "Hitchcock Believes Film-Going Public Has Matured". The Boston Globe. (June 26, 1960).
  18. ^ "Studio Place Arts". Studio Place Arts. Retrieved 2018-09-29.
  19. ^ "Vermont Granite Museum | a living tradition of heritage, craft and culture". www.vtgranitemuseum.org. Retrieved 2018-09-29.
  20. ^ "About Us". Barre Partnership. Barre Partnership. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  21. ^ City officials Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Barre. Accessed 2008-02-05.
  22. ^ Annual Report, City of Barre, Vermont, Fiscal Year July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2006
  23. ^ Contact information, Barre City Clerk Archived 2016-10-12 at the Wayback Machine, City of Barre web site, accessed May 15, 2011
  24. ^ [1]
  25. ^ "Thunder Road Speedbowl". Thunder Road Speedbowl.
  26. ^ Zind, Steve (April 7, 2005). "Late Artist's Works Carry Personal History". Vermont Public Radio. Colchester, VT.
  27. ^ California Oil World. Vol. 47. Los Angeles, CA: Petroleum Publishers, Inc. 1954. p. 90 – via Google Books.
  28. ^ Zhe, Mike. "UNH hits jackpot with record-breaking Ball". Seacoast Online. Portsmouth, NH.
  29. ^ "Mrs. H. E. Broadwell of Barre Murdered, Body Found in Lot". Rutland Herald. Rutland, VT. May 5, 1919. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  30. ^ "State Treasurer Thomas H. Cave Not Candidate for Re-election". Burlington Free Press. Burlington, VT. July 10, 1942. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com.
  31. ^ Barwood, Judeen (2015). "Biographical Note, Deane Chandler Davis" (PDF). Barre History Collection: Deane C. Davis Papers. Barre, VT: Vermont Historical Society. p. 1.
  32. ^ Haynes, Edwin Mortimer (1894). A History of the Tenth Regiment, Vt. Vols. Rutland, VT: The Tuttle Company. p. 83 – via Internet Archive.
  33. ^ Albright, Syd (February 23, 2014). "Silver Valley's Great Boxer Young Firpo". Coeur d'Alene Press. Coeur d'Alene, ID.
  34. ^ Hemingway, Abby Maria (1882). The Vermont Historical Gazetteer. Vol. IV. Montpelier, VT: Vermont Watchman and State Journal Press. p. 28 – via Internet Archive.
  35. ^ Heller, Paul (April 30, 2010). "Luigi Galleani and the anarchists of Barre". Barre Montpelier Times Argus. Barre, VT.
  36. ^ "Weeks Vermont's Choice". Evening Independent: St. Petersburg, FL. Associated Press. (September 15, 1926).
  37. ^ "Catastrophe: Vermont Vitality". Time. (December 12, 1927).
  38. ^ "History of the 1927 Flood". University of Vermont. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  39. ^ "Reading Woman Safe in Flooded Barre". Reading Eagle. (November 7, 1927).
  40. ^ Anderson-Minshall, Diane (February 1, 2010). "Catching Up with Jennifer McMahon". Curve. San Francisco, CA: Avalon Media.
  41. ^ "Biography, James F. Milne" (PDF). Secretary of State James F. Milne Records, 1995 to 1999. Montpelier, VT: Vermont Secretary of State. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
  42. ^ "Vermont Birth Records, 1909-2008, Entry for David Wayne Moody". Ancestry.com. Lehi, UT: Ancestry.com, LLC. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  43. ^ Delcore, David (January 10, 2019). "Library launches new-look children's room". Barre Montpelier Times Argus. Barre, VT.
  44. ^ Italian-American Who's Who. Vol. 4. Chicago, IL: Vigo Press. 1939. p. 286.
  45. ^ "Biography, Paul N. Poirier". VT Digger. Montpelier, VT. 2018.
  46. ^ Chapman, Peter (1994). The Players: Actors in Movies on Television and Videocassette. Hamburg, PA: Windsor Press. p. 389. ISBN 9780963704733.
  47. ^ Delcore, David (December 12, 2019). "Barre marketing effort off to solid start". Barre Montpelier Times Argus. Barre, VT.
  48. ^ United States Congress (1950). Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. pp. 1806–1807. ISBN 9780598686152.
  49. ^ "Breathtaking Winter Scenes by Artist Fred Swan". Shoptalk. Portland, ME: Sturbridge Yankee Workshop. 2011.
  50. ^ Barre City Manager (June 30, 2017). 122nd Annual Report (PDF). Barre City, VT: City of Barre, Vermont. p. 11.
  51. ^ Davis, Mark (March 6, 2018). "Herring Wins Barre Mayoral Race With Pledge to Follow Lauzon Legacy". Vermont Seven Days. Burlington, VT.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barre (city), Vermont.
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