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'''Saint Sophia of Rome''' is venerated as a [[Christianity|Christian]] [[martyr]].
'''Saint Sophia of Rome''' is venerated as a [[Christian martyr]].
She is identified in hagiographical tradition with the figure of [[Sophia of Milan]], the mother of [[Saints Faith, Hope and Charity]], whose veneration is attested for the sixth century.
She is identified in hagiographical tradition with the figure of [[Sophia of Milan]], the mother of [[Saints Faith, Hope and Charity]], whose veneration is attested for the sixth century.


However, there are conflicting hagiographical traditions; one tradition{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} makes Sophia herself a martyr under the [[Diocletian Persecution]] (303/4).
However, there are conflicting hagiographical traditions; one tradition{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} makes Sophia herself a martyr under the [[Diocletian Persecution]] (303/4).
This conflicts with the much more widespread hagiographical tradition ([[Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina|BHL]] 2966, also extant in Greek, Armenian and Georgian versions) placing Sophia, the mother of Faith, Hope and Charity, in the time of [[Diocletian]] (early fourth century) and reporting her dying not as a martyr but mourning for her martyred daughters.<ref name=Saxer>V. Saxer, "Sophia v. Rom" in: ''Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche'' vol. 9 (1993), [https://books.google.com/books?id=3n7YAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA733 733f.]</ref>
This conflicts with the much more widespread hagiographical tradition ([[Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina|BHL]] 2966, also extant in Greek, Armenian and Georgian versions) placing Sophia, the mother of Faith, Hope and Charity, in the time of [[Diocletian]] (early fourth century) and reporting her dying not as a martyr but mourning for her martyred daughters.<ref name=Saxer>V. Saxer, "Sophia v. Rom" in: ''Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche'' vol. 9 (1993), [https://books.google.com/books?id=3n7YAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA733 733f.]</ref>
Her relics are said{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} to have been translated to the convent at [[St Trophimus' Church, Eschau|Eschau]], [[Alsace]] in 778, and her cult spread to Germany from there.
Her relics are said{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} to have been translated to the convent at [[St Trophimus' Church, Eschau|Eschau]], Alsace in 778, and her cult spread to Germany from there.
''[[Acta Sanctorum]]'' reports that her feast day of 15 May is attested in German, Belgian and English breviaries of the 16th century.<ref name=AASS/>
''[[Acta Sanctorum]]'' reports that her feast day of 15 May is attested in German, Belgian and English breviaries of the 16th century.<ref name=AASS/>


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</ref> Saxer (2000) suggests that her veneration may indeed have originated in the later sixth century based on such inscriptions of the fourth to sixth centuries.<ref name=Saxer/>
</ref> Saxer (2000) suggests that her veneration may indeed have originated in the later sixth century based on such inscriptions of the fourth to sixth centuries.<ref name=Saxer/>


Based on her feast day on 15 May, she became one of the "[[Ice Saints]]", the saints whose feast days are traditionally associated with the last possibility of [[frost]] in Central Europe.
Based on her feast day on 15 May, Sophia became one of the "[[Ice Saints]]", the saints whose feast days are traditionally associated with the last possibility of [[frost]] in Central Europe.
She is known as ''kalte Sophie'' "cold Sophia" in Germany,<ref name="SOPHIA von Rom">{{BBKL|s/sophia_v_r|band=10|autor=Ekkart Sauser|artikel=Sophia von Rom|spalten=807-808}}</ref> and in Slovenia as ''poscana Zofka'' "pissy Sophia"<ref>{{cite book |last1=Baš |first1=Angelos |title=Slovenski etnološki leksikon |date=2004 |publisher=Mladinska knjiga |location=Ljubljana |page=449}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Frančič |first1=Franjo |last2=Osti |first2=Josip |title=Kam se skrijejo metulji pred dežjem: izbrane kratke proze |date=2008 |publisher=Mladinska knjiga |location=Ljubljana |page=78}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bauer |first1=Marjan |title=Češnje zorijo pozimi |url=https://www.finance.si/339912/Cesnje-zorijo-pozimi?cctest& |access-date=August 23, 2020 |work=Finance |date=February 10, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Fajfar |first1=Tone |title=Odločitev: Spomini in partizanski dnevnik |date=1996 |publisher=Ljudska pravica |location=Ljubljana |page=480}}</ref> or ''mokra Zofija'' "wet Sophia".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pavček |first1=Tone |title=Čas duše, čas telesa |date=1997 |publisher=Ljubljana |location=Knjižna zadruga |page=198}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Keber |first1=Janez |title=Leksikon imen |date=1988 |publisher=Mohorjeva družba |location=Celje |page=398}}</ref>
She is known as ''kalte Sophie'' "cold Sophia" in Germany,<ref name="SOPHIA von Rom">{{BBKL|s/sophia_v_r|band=10|autor=Ekkart Sauser|artikel=Sophia von Rom|spalten=807-808}}</ref> and in Slovenia as ''poscana Zofka'' "pissy Sophia"<ref>{{cite book |last1=Baš |first1=Angelos |title=Slovenski etnološki leksikon |date=2004 |publisher=Mladinska knjiga |location=Ljubljana |page=449}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Frančič |first1=Franjo |last2=Osti |first2=Josip |title=Kam se skrijejo metulji pred dežjem: izbrane kratke proze |date=2008 |publisher=Mladinska knjiga |location=Ljubljana |page=78}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bauer |first1=Marjan |title=Češnje zorijo pozimi |url=https://www.finance.si/339912/Cesnje-zorijo-pozimi?cctest& |access-date=August 23, 2020 |work=Finance |date=February 10, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Fajfar |first1=Tone |title=Odločitev: Spomini in partizanski dnevnik |date=1996 |publisher=Ljudska pravica |location=Ljubljana |page=480}}</ref> or ''mokra Zofija'' "wet Sophia".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pavček |first1=Tone |title=Čas duše, čas telesa |date=1997 |publisher=Ljubljana |location=Knjižna zadruga |page=198}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Keber |first1=Janez |title=Leksikon imen |date=1988 |publisher=Mohorjeva družba |location=Celje |page=398}}</ref>


She is depicted on a column in the nave of [[St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna|St. Stephen's Cathedral]] in [[Vienna]]; it dates from the 15th century.<ref name="SOPHIA von Rom"/>
Sophia is depicted on a column in the nave of [[St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna]]; it dates from the 15th century.<ref name="SOPHIA von Rom"/>


==Churches==
==Churches==
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* St. Sophia in Erbach, [[Odenwald]], Germany
* St. Sophia in Erbach, [[Odenwald]], Germany
* St. Sophia in [[Brüssow]], Germany
* St. Sophia in [[Brüssow]], Germany
* St. Sophienkirche, [[Barmbek-Süd]], [[Hamburg]], Germany
* St. Sophienkirche, [[Barmbek-Süd]], Hamburg, Germany
* St. Sophie in Randau, [[Magdeburg]], Germany
* St. Sophie in Randau, [[Magdeburg]], Germany
*[[Santa Sofia d'Epiro]], Italy
*[[Santa Sofia d'Epiro]], Italy

Revision as of 11:39, 6 April 2023

Saint

Sophia of Rome
Late gothic wooden sculpture of saints Sophia, Faith, Hope and Charity (Eschau, 1470)
BornUnknown
Died304 AD
Rome
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church; Eastern Orthodox Church
FeastMay 15 (in Germany, celebrated as Sophientag)
Attributespalm, book, trough, and sword
Patronageinvoked against late frosts

Saint Sophia of Rome is venerated as a Christian martyr. She is identified in hagiographical tradition with the figure of Sophia of Milan, the mother of Saints Faith, Hope and Charity, whose veneration is attested for the sixth century.

However, there are conflicting hagiographical traditions; one tradition[citation needed] makes Sophia herself a martyr under the Diocletian Persecution (303/4). This conflicts with the much more widespread hagiographical tradition (BHL 2966, also extant in Greek, Armenian and Georgian versions) placing Sophia, the mother of Faith, Hope and Charity, in the time of Diocletian (early fourth century) and reporting her dying not as a martyr but mourning for her martyred daughters.[1] Her relics are said[citation needed] to have been translated to the convent at Eschau, Alsace in 778, and her cult spread to Germany from there. Acta Sanctorum reports that her feast day of 15 May is attested in German, Belgian and English breviaries of the 16th century.[2]

Roman Catholic hagiography of the early modern period attempted to identify the Saint Sophia venerated in Germany with various records of martyrs named Sophia recorded in the early medieval period, among them a record from the time of Pope Sergius II (9th century) reporting an inscription mentioning a virgin martyr named Sophia at the high altar of the church of San Martino ai Monti.[2] Saxer (2000) suggests that her veneration may indeed have originated in the later sixth century based on such inscriptions of the fourth to sixth centuries.[1]

Based on her feast day on 15 May, Sophia became one of the "Ice Saints", the saints whose feast days are traditionally associated with the last possibility of frost in Central Europe. She is known as kalte Sophie "cold Sophia" in Germany,[3] and in Slovenia as poscana Zofka "pissy Sophia"[4][5][6][7] or mokra Zofija "wet Sophia".[8][9]

Sophia is depicted on a column in the nave of St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna; it dates from the 15th century.[3]

Churches

Churches dedicated to Sophia of Rome include:

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sophia of Rome.
  1. ^ a b V. Saxer, "Sophia v. Rom" in: Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche vol. 9 (1993), 733f.
  2. ^ a b Carnandet (ed.), Acta Sanctorum vol. 16 (1866), p. 463.
  3. ^ a b Ekkart Sauser (1995). "Sophia von Rom". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 10. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 807–808. ISBN 3-88309-062-X.
  4. ^ Baš, Angelos (2004). Slovenski etnološki leksikon. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga. p. 449.
  5. ^ Frančič, Franjo; Osti, Josip (2008). Kam se skrijejo metulji pred dežjem: izbrane kratke proze. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga. p. 78.
  6. ^ Bauer, Marjan (February 10, 2012). "Češnje zorijo pozimi". Finance. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
  7. ^ Fajfar, Tone (1996). Odločitev: Spomini in partizanski dnevnik. Ljubljana: Ljudska pravica. p. 480.
  8. ^ Pavček, Tone (1997). Čas duše, čas telesa. Knjižna zadruga: Ljubljana. p. 198.
  9. ^ Keber, Janez (1988). Leksikon imen. Celje: Mohorjeva družba. p. 398.
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