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| title = Ruler of the [[Alchon Huns]]
| title = Ruler of the [[Alchon Huns]]
| image = HunCoinDerivedFromSassanianDesign5thCE.JPG
| image = HunCoinDerivedFromSassanianDesign5thCE.JPG
| caption = Portrait of king [[Khingila]] c. 440 - 490 CE on one of his silver drachms. [[Bactrian script]] legend:<br>[[File:Xiggilo Alxono (Bactrian script).jpg|130px]]<br>χιγγιλο αλχοννο ''"Khiggilo Alchono"'', with Alchon [[tamgha]] symbol [[File:Alchon_Tamga.png|15px]]<ref>This coin is in the collection of the [[British Museum]]. For equivalent coin, see [https://www.cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=156854 CNG Coins]</ref><ref name="ROTS">{{cite book |last1=Rezakhani |first1=Khodadad |title=ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity |date=2017 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=9781474400305 |pages=105-124 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bjRWDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA105 |language=en}}</ref>
| caption = Portrait of king [[Khingila]] {{Circa|440}} - 490 CE on one of his silver drachms. [[Bactrian script]] legend:<br>[[File:Xiggilo Alxono (Bactrian script).jpg|130px]]<br>χιγγιλο αλχοννο ''"Khiggilo Alchono"'', with Alchon [[tamgha]] symbol [[File:Alchon_Tamga.png|15px]]<ref>This coin is in the collection of the [[British Museum]]. For equivalent coin, see [https://www.cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=156854 CNG Coins]</ref><ref name="ROTS">{{cite book |last1=Rezakhani |first1=Khodadad |title=ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity |date=2017 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=9781474400305 |pages=105-124 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bjRWDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA105 |language=en}}</ref>
{{Location map+
{{Location map+
|West Asia
|West Asia
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}}
}}
| reign = 430-490
| reign = 430-490
| birth_date = c. 430
| birth_date = {{Circa|430}}
| birth_place = Central Asia
| birth_place = Central Asia
| death_date = c. {{death date and age|490|||430|||df=y}}
| death_date = {{Circa|{{death date and age|490|||430|||df=y}}}}
| successor = [[Mehama]]
| successor = [[Mehama]]
| signature =
| signature =
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In response to the migration of the [[Wusun]] (who were hard-pressed by the [[Rouran]]) from [[Zhetysu]] to the [[Pamir Mountains|Pamir]] region, Khingila united the [[Uars]] and the [[Xionites]] in 460AD, establishing the Hepthalite dynasty.
In response to the migration of the [[Wusun]] (who were hard-pressed by the [[Rouran]]) from [[Zhetysu]] to the [[Pamir Mountains|Pamir]] region, Khingila united the [[Uars]] and the [[Xionites]] in 460AD, establishing the Hepthalite dynasty.


According to the Syrian compilation of Church Historian [[Zacharias Rhetor]] (c. 465, Gaza – after 536), bishop of [[Mytilene]], the need for new grazing land to replace that lost to the Wusun led Khingila's "Uar-Chionites" to displace the [[Sabir people|Sabirs]] to the west, who in turn displaced the [[Saragur (people)|Saragur]], [[Ugor]] and [[Onogurs|Onogur]], who then asked for an alliance and land from [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantium]].
According to the Syrian compilation of Church Historian [[Zacharias Rhetor]] ({{Circa|465}}, Gaza – after 536), bishop of [[Mytilene]], the need for new grazing land to replace that lost to the Wusun led Khingila's "Uar-Chionites" to displace the [[Sabir people|Sabirs]] to the west, who in turn displaced the [[Saragur (people)|Saragur]], [[Ugor]] and [[Onogurs|Onogur]], who then asked for an alliance and land from [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantium]].


In his coin in the [[Brahmi script]], Khingila uses the legend "God-King Khingila" ([[File:Gupta ashoka de.svg|12px]][[File:Gupta ashoka v.svg|12px]][[File:Gupta ashoka ss.svg|14px]]<sup>[[File:Gupta ashoka hi.jpg|18px]]</sup><sup>[[File:Khi-nngi-la Name of Alchon ruler Khingila in the Brahmi script 430-490 CE.jpg|47px]]</sup>, ''Deva Shahi Khingila'').<ref name="MKD">{{cite journal |last1=Dhavalikar |first1=M. K. |title=A Note on Two Gaṇeśa Statues from Afghanistan |journal=East and West |date=1971 |volume=21 |issue=3/4 |pages=331–336 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/29755703.pdf |issn=0012-8376}}</ref>
In his coin in the [[Brahmi script]], Khingila uses the legend "God-King Khingila" ([[File:Gupta ashoka de.svg|12px]][[File:Gupta ashoka v.svg|12px]][[File:Gupta ashoka ss.svg|14px]]<sup>[[File:Gupta ashoka hi.jpg|18px]]</sup><sup>[[File:Khi-nngi-la Name of Alchon ruler Khingila in the Brahmi script 430-490 CE.jpg|47px]]</sup>, ''Deva Shahi Khingila'').<ref name="MKD">{{cite journal |last1=Dhavalikar |first1=M. K. |title=A Note on Two Gaṇeśa Statues from Afghanistan |journal=East and West |date=1971 |volume=21 |issue=3/4 |pages=331–336 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/29755703.pdf |issn=0012-8376}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:35, 13 April 2023

Khingila I
Ruler of the Alchon Huns
Portrait of king Khingila c. 440 - 490 CE on one of his silver drachms. Bactrian script legend:

χιγγιλο αλχοννο "Khiggilo Alchono", with Alchon tamgha symbol [1][2]
Khingila I is located in West and Central Asia
Khingila I
class=notpageimage|
Approximate location of Khingila's territory
Reign430-490
SuccessorMehama
Bornc. 430
Central Asia
Diedc. 490(490-00-00) (aged 59–60)
Alchon Huns
(400–670 CE)
c. 400–440 (Anonymous kings)
c. 430–490 Khingila
c. 490 Javukha
c. 461–493Mehama
c. 490 Lakhana Udayaditya
Aduman
c. 490–515Toramana
c.515–540Mihirakula
c.530–570Toramana II
Kashmir descendants:
6-7th c. Pravarasena
6-7th c. Megavahana
6-7th c.Tujina
6-7th c.Toramana of Kashmir

Khingila I (Bactrian: χιγγιλο Khingilo, Brahmi script: Khi-ṇgi-la, Middle Chinese: 金吉剌 Jīnjílà, Persian: شنگل Shengel; c.430-490) was the founding king of the Hunnic Alkhan dynasty (Bactrian: αλχανο, Middle Chinese: 嚈噠). He was a contemporary of Khushnavaz (fl. 484).

Rule

In response to the migration of the Wusun (who were hard-pressed by the Rouran) from Zhetysu to the Pamir region, Khingila united the Uars and the Xionites in 460AD, establishing the Hepthalite dynasty.

According to the Syrian compilation of Church Historian Zacharias Rhetor (c. 465, Gaza – after 536), bishop of Mytilene, the need for new grazing land to replace that lost to the Wusun led Khingila's "Uar-Chionites" to displace the Sabirs to the west, who in turn displaced the Saragur, Ugor and Onogur, who then asked for an alliance and land from Byzantium.

In his coin in the Brahmi script, Khingila uses the legend "God-King Khingila" (, Deva Shahi Khingila).[3]

A "Seal of Khingila" is known, with legend in the Bactrian language, but it is uncertain if it belonged to Khingila, or another ruler of the same name.[4]

Khingila is also known from a Brahmi inscription, the Talagan copper scroll.

Artifacts

See also

References

  1. ^ This coin is in the collection of the British Museum. For equivalent coin, see CNG Coins
  2. ^ Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 105–124. ISBN 9781474400305.
  3. ^ a b Dhavalikar, M. K. (1971). "A Note on Two Gaṇeśa Statues from Afghanistan" (PDF). East and West. 21 (3/4): 331–336. ISSN 0012-8376.
  4. ^ ALRAM, MICHAEL (2003). "Three Hunnic Bullae from Northwest India" (PDF). Bulletin of the Asia Institute. 17: 180, Figure 11. ISSN 0890-4464.
  5. ^ CNG coins [1]
  6. ^ Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity. Edinburgh University Press. p. 199. ISBN 9781474400312.
  7. ^ CNG Coins
  8. ^ CNG Coins
  9. ^ Bakker, Hans T. The Alkhan: A Hunnic People in South Asia. Barkhuis. pp. 43–47. ISBN 978-94-93194-00-7.
Preceded by
Anonymous
 King of the Alchon Huns
430-461 		Succeeded by


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