Tianqi (era)

This article is about the era name of the Ming dynasty emperor, Zhu Youjiao. For the emperor who used this era name, see Tianqi Emperor.

Tianqi
Traditional Chinese	天啓
Simplified Chinese	天启
Literal meaning	"heavenly opening"
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Tiānqǐ Wade–Giles T'ien-ch'i

Tianqi (22 January 1621 – 4 February 1628) was the era name of the Tianqi Emperor, the 16th emperor of the Ming dynasty of China, and was used for 7 years.

On 2 October 1627 (Tianqi 7, 24th day of 8th month), the Chongzhen Emperor ascended to the throne and continued to use, and in the following year, the era was changed to Chongzhen.

Births

• 7 March 1621 (Tianqi 1) – Shi Lang, general (d. 1696)
• 1623 (Tianqi 3) – Zhu Youlang, Southern Ming emperor (d. 1662)

Deaths

• 1621 (Tianqi 1) – An Xifan (安希范), leader of the Donglin movement (b. 1564)
• 3 November 1622 (Tianqi 2, 1st day of the 10th month) – Tu Benjun (屠本畯), biologist (b. 1542)

Comparison table

Tianqi	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
AD	1621	1622	1623	1624	1625	1626	1627
Gānzhī 干支	Xīnyǒu 辛酉	Rénxū 壬戌	Guǐhài 癸亥	Jiǎzǐ 甲子	Yǐchǒu 乙丑	Bǐngyín 丙寅	Dīngmǎo 丁卯

Other regime era names that existed during the same period

• China
  • Tianming (天命, 1616–1626): Later Jin — era name of Nurhaci
  • Tiancong (天聰, 1627–1636): Later Jin — era name of Hong Taiji
  • Ruiying (瑞應, 1621–1629): Ming period — era name of She Chongming (奢崇明)
  • Dachengxingsheng (大成興盛) (Dachengxingsheng, 大乘興勝) (1622): Ming period — era name of Xu Hongru (徐鴻儒)
  • Yuanjing (元靜, 1622): Ming period — era name of Wan Side (万俟德)
• Vietnam
  • Vĩnh Tộ (永祚, 1619–1629): Later Lê dynasty — era name of Lê Thần Tông
  • Long Thái (隆泰, 1618–1625): Mạc dynasty — era name of Mạc Kính Khoan
• Japan
  • Genna (元和, 1615–1624): era name of Emperor Go-Mizunoo
  • Kan'ei (寛永, 1624–1644): era name of Emperor Go-Mizunoo, Empress Meishō and Emperor Go-Kōmyō

See also

• List of Chinese era names
• List of Ming dynasty era names

Further reading

• Li Chongzhi (李崇智) (2004). Zhongguo lidai nianhao kao (中國歷代年號考). Beijing (北京): Zhonghua Book Co. (中華書局). ISBN 7101025129.
• Deng Hongbo (鄧洪波) (2005). Chronology of East Asian history (東亞歷史年表). Taipei (臺北): National Taiwan University, Program for East Asian Classics and Cultures (國立臺灣大學東亞經典與文化研究計劃). ISBN 9789860005189. Archived from the original (pdf) on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2021-11-26.

External links

• 中央研究院 兩千年中西曆轉換Archived 2018-06-15 at the Wayback Machine