User:Saharalr/Archaeoglobaceae

Description

They are anaerobic, meaning that they do not require oxygen to survive, and are found in a variety of environments, including marine sediments and hydrothermal vents. Archaeoglobus are single-celled organisms, so they are classified as unicellular. They are also classified as prokaryotes, meaning they don't have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles in their cells.

Genome structure

Archaeoglobaceae have a unique cell envelope structure that is composed of a lipid bilayer that is separated from the cytoplasm by a layer of protein. This structure is thought to be important for their survival in high-temperature environments, as it provides a barrier that protects the cell from the harsh conditions outside.

Characteristic and genera

The genera within the Archaeoglobaceae family have some differences in their characteristics and habitats. Here are some brief differences between the four genera:

- Archaeoglobus: This genus contains the most well-known and studied members of the Archaeoglobaceae family. They are thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria that are found in hydrothermal vents and oil reservoirs. They can grow at high temperatures and use a variety of organic compounds as electron donors.

- Ferroglobus: This genus contains a single species, Ferroglobus placidus, which is found in hydrothermal vents. They are thermophilic and can grow at high temperatures, but they differ from other members of the family in that they use iron as an electron donor instead of organic compounds.

- Geoglobus: This genus contains a single species, Geoglobus acetivorans, which is found in hydrothermal vents. They are thermophilic and can grow at high temperatures, and they differ from other members of the family in that they use acetate as an electron donor.

Mode of metabolism

Archaeoglobaceae are known for their unique mode of metabolism, which involves the use of sulfate as their terminal electron acceptor for respiration. This process is called dissimilatory sulfate reduction, and it allows the bacteria to produce energy in the absence of oxygen.

living environments

Archaeoglobus species are found in a variety of extreme environments, including deep-sea hydrothermal vents, oil reservoirs, and hot springs. These environments are characterized by high temperatures, high pressures, and low oxygen concentrations, which make them inhospitable to most other forms of life. They are able to thrive in these environments by using a variety of metabolic pathways to obtain energy, and by producing a range of heat-shock proteins and other stress-response mechanisms that help them to survive in these extreme conditions. They are extremophiles, which means they can also be found in environments that are high in salt content, such as in salt flats or Salt Lake. Archaeoglobaceae are able to thrive in these extreme environments because they are able to use a variety of different minerals and gases to make energy. For example, some species of Archaeoglobaceae are able to use sulfur in a process called dissimilatory sulfate reduction, which allows them to produce energy without the need for oxygen. Other species of Archaeoglobaceae are able to use carbon dioxide or hydrogen gas as a source of energy.

In addition to their ability to use different energy sources, some species of Archaeoglobaceae are also known to form symbiotic relationships with other organisms. For example, some species of Archaeoglobaceae have been found living in association with tube worms, which are able to extract nutrients from the hydrothermal vent environment and provide them to the bacteria in exchange for energy. These symbiotic relationships are thought to be important for the survival of both the bacteria and the tube worms in these extreme environments.

Bibliography

1-Huber, Harald, et al. “A New Phylum of Archaea Represented by a Nanosized Hyperthermophilic Symbiont.” Nature, vol. 417, no. 6884, May 2002, pp. 63–67. DOI.org,

This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal. It should be a reliable source for a specific fact, it can be used to establish notability.

2- Klenk, Hans-Peter, et al. “The Complete Genome Sequence of the Hyperthermophilic, Sulphate-Reducing Archaeon Archaeoglobus Fulgidus.” Nature, vol. 390, no. 6658, Nov. 1997, pp. 364–70. DOI.org .

This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal article, so it is independent of the subject source. It provides a detailed analysis of the genome Archaeoglobus fulgidus and the unique characteristics of this microorganism. It can not be used to establish notability.

References

1. ^ Topçuoğlu, B. D., & Holden, J. E. (2019). Extremophile: Hot Environments ☆. In Elsevier eBooks. Elsevier BV.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90683-6

2-^ Saini, R., Kapoor, R., Kumar, R. N., Siddiqi, T. A., & Kumar, A. (2011). CO2 utilizing microbes — A comprehensive review. Biotechnology Advances, 29(6), 949–960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.08.009

3.^ Slobodkina, G. B., Allioux, M., Merkel, A. Y., Cambon-Bonavita, M., Alain, K., Jebbar, M., & Slobodkin, A. I. (2021). Physiological and Genomic Characterization of a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Archaeoglobus neptunius sp. nov. Isolated From a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Warrants the Reclassification of the Genus Archaeoglobus. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.679245

4.^ Kim, D., O’Farrell, C. M., Toth, C. R. A., Montoya, O. D., Gieg, L. M., Kwon, T. G., & Yoon, S. (2018). Microbial community analyses of produced waters from high-temperature oil reservoirs reveal unexpected similarity between geographically distant oil reservoirs. Microbial Biotechnology, 11(4), 788–796. https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13281