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* [[Vickers Viscount]]
* [[Vickers Viscount]]
* [[Fokker Friendship]]
* [[Fokker F27 Friendship]]
* [[Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante]]
* [[Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante]]
* [[BAC 1-11]]
* [[BAC 1-11]]
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* [[Jetstream 41]]
* [[Jetstream 41]]
* [[BAe 146]]
* [[BAe 146]]
* [[Britten-Norman Islander]]
* [[de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter]]
* [[de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter]]
* [[Embraer ERJ 145]] (BRAL Aircraft, Operated by Manx in 1998 on Southampton - Isle of Man)
* [[Embraer EMB 110]]
* [[Embraer ERJ 145]]
* [[Fokker F27 Friendship]]
* [[Piper PA-23]]
* [[Piper PA-23]]
* [[Piper PA-31]]
* [[Piper PA-31]]
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* [[Shorts 330]]
* [[Shorts 330]]
* [[Shorts 360]]
* [[Shorts 360]]
* [[ATR 72]]
* [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9]]


== Expansion and sale ==
== Expansion and sale ==
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In March 1991, Manx Airlines created Manx Airlines Europe in order to expand and fly routes within the United Kingdom from a base at [[Cardiff Airport]].<ref>Wings of Mann, Kniveton G N</ref> ABH restructured Loganair in July 1994 which saw it become a franchise partner of [[British Airways]] in Scotland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Heritage {{!}} Loganair |url=https://www.loganair.co.uk/our-story/our-heritage/ |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=www.loganair.co.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref> Manx Airlines Europe also became a franchise partner of British Airways in 1995, operating some routes from its [[Manchester Airport|Manchester]] base under the British Airways Express brand.<ref>{{Cite web |last=1995-02-01T00:00:00+00:00 |title=Pragmatic progress |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/pragmatic-progress/9354.article |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=Flight Global |language=en}}</ref>
In March 1991, Manx Airlines created Manx Airlines Europe in order to expand and fly routes within the United Kingdom from a base at [[Cardiff Airport]].<ref>Wings of Mann, Kniveton G N</ref> ABH restructured Loganair in July 1994 which saw it become a franchise partner of [[British Airways]] in Scotland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Heritage {{!}} Loganair |url=https://www.loganair.co.uk/our-story/our-heritage/ |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=www.loganair.co.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref> Manx Airlines Europe also became a franchise partner of British Airways in 1995, operating some routes from its [[Manchester Airport|Manchester]] base under the British Airways Express brand.<ref>{{Cite web |last=1995-02-01T00:00:00+00:00 |title=Pragmatic progress |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/pragmatic-progress/9354.article |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=Flight Global |language=en}}</ref>
;British Regional Airlines
;British Regional Airlines
In September 1996, Airlines of Britain announced it would split its regional airlines into a separate grouping in a move designed to free the operations to increase their franchise links with British Airways as British Midland looked to increase ties with [[Lufthansa]]. This new carrier contained the combined operations of Manx Airlines, Manx Airlines Europe, and Loganair and was spun off as [[British Regional Airlines]].<ref name=":0" />
In September 1996, Airlines of Britain announced it would split its regional airlines into a separate grouping which would enable it to increase its franchise links with British Airways while British Midland looked to increase ties with [[Lufthansa]]. Loganair's cross-border trunk routes were combined with Manx Airlines Europe's UK routes and the new airline was renamed [[British Regional Airlines]].<ref name=":0" /> At the same time, British Airways closed down its 'Highlands' division and transferred the routes to British Regional Airlines which would operate them as a British Airways Express franchise partner.<ref>{{Cite web |last=1996-09-04T00:00:00+01:00 |title=Manx takes over BA's 'loss-making' Scottish services |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/manx-takes-over-bas-loss-making-scottish-services/5875.article |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=Flight Global |language=en}}</ref>


In 1998 British Regional Airlines Group floated on the London Stock Exchange.<ref>{{Cite web |last=1998-05-06T00:00:00+01:00 |title=British Regional gets ready for June flotation |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/british-regional-gets-ready-for-june-flotation/20871.article |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=Flight Global |language=en}}</ref>
A small Manx Airlines operation retained its own identity operating five aircraft on routes from the [[Isle of Man]]. The British Regional Airline Group was created which contained both Manx Airlines and British Regional Airlines.<ref name=":0" /> The [[Loganair]] name continued following a management buyout which saw a smaller independent airline continuing to operate routes between Shetland and Orkney.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Heritage {{!}} Loganair |url=https://www.loganair.co.uk/our-story/our-heritage/ |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=www.loganair.co.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref> In 1998 British Regional Airlines Group floated on the London Stock Exchange.<ref>{{Cite web |last=1998-05-06T00:00:00+01:00 |title=British Regional gets ready for June flotation |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/british-regional-gets-ready-for-june-flotation/20871.article |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=Flight Global |language=en}}</ref>

In late 1998, Manx changed its corporate identity and introduced a new livery featuring a dark belly and a new [[Triskelion]] tail canvas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Triskelion: Manx Airlines |url=http://www.yesterdaysairlines.com/1/post/2022/05/triskelion-manx-airlines.html |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=YESTERDAY'S AIRLINES |language=en}}</ref>


In March 2001, British Airways purchased the British Regional Airlines Group (holding company of British Regional Airlines and Manx Airlines) for £78 million.<ref>{{Cite news
In March 2001, British Airways purchased the British Regional Airlines Group (holding company of British Regional Airlines and Manx Airlines) for £78 million.<ref>{{Cite news
Line 84: Line 81:
| date = 15 May 1998
| date = 15 May 1998
| accessdate = 10 October 2013
| accessdate = 10 October 2013
}}</ref> The airline then merged with [[Brymon Airways]] to create [[British Airways CitiExpress]].
}}</ref> Both airlines then merged with [[Brymon Airways]] to create [[British Airways CitiExpress]].
[[File:G-MANC B.Ae ATP Manx Al MAN 02JUN02 (8195285903).jpg|thumb|Manx Airlines BAe ATP (G-MANC) in the Triskelion livery, June 2002.]]
⚫
Between March 1999 and the date of closure, the fleet was as follows:<ref>{{Harvnb|Pither|1999|p=166}}</ref>


⚫
{| class="wikitable"
⚫
Manx Airlines ceased operations on 31 August 2002. Between March 1999 and the date of closure, the fleet was as follows:<ref>{{Harvnb|Pither|1999|p=166}}</ref>

⚫
{|class="wikitable"
! Type || Number
! Type || Number
!Registrations
|-
|-
| [[BAe 146]] || 1
| [[BAe 146]] || 1
|G-MIMA
|-
|-
| [[BAe ATP]] || 3
| [[BAe ATP]] || 3
|G-MANA, G-MANB, G-MANC
|-
|-
| [[Jetstream 41]] || 1
| [[Jetstream 41]] || 1
|-
|G-MAJA
|}
|}


The last flight was planned to be flown by BAe 146 G-MIMA, from [[London Gatwick Airport|London (Gatwick)]] to [[Isle of Man Airport]] (Ronaldsway). However, due to technical problems, a sub-chartered aircraft was brought in to operate this service. Therefore, the honour of operating the last Manx Airlines flight (JE 818 [[Birmingham International Airport (United Kingdom)|Birmingham International]] to Ronaldsway) went to Manx-born pilot [[Pilot in command|Captain]] [[Paul Quine]], who was in command of ATP G-MANB, which landed at Ronaldsway at 20:10 GMT on Saturday, 31 August 2002.
Manx Airlines ceased operations on 31 August 2002. The last flight was planned to be flown by BAe 146 G-MIMA, from [[London Gatwick Airport|London (Gatwick)]] to [[Isle of Man Airport]] (Ronaldsway). However, due to technical problems, a sub-chartered aircraft was brought in to operate this service. Therefore, the honour of operating the last Manx Airlines flight (JE 818 [[Birmingham International Airport (United Kingdom)|Birmingham International]] to Ronaldsway) went to Manx-born pilot [[Pilot in command|Captain]] [[Paul Quine]], who was in command of ATP G-MANB, which landed at Ronaldsway at 20:10 GMT on Saturday, 31 August 2002.


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 20:12, 7 May 2023

Manx Airlines
IATA ICAO Call sign
JE MNX MANX
Founded1982
Ceased operations2002
HubsIOM Isle of Man Airport
Frequent-flyer programClub Sovereign
Fleet size5 (2002)
Destinations13
HeadquartersIsle of Man Airport
Ballasalla, Malew, Isle of Man
Key peopleTerry Liddiard.
WebsiteN/A

Manx Airlines was an English-owned, Isle of Man-based airline that existed between 1982 and 2002.[1] Its head office was located on the grounds of Ronaldsway Airport in Ballasalla, Malew.[2] An airline of the same name existed between 1947 and 1958.[3]

History

Manx Airlines (1953)

An earlier Manx Airlines was established in 1947 as Manx Air Charters and renamed in 1953. It was based at Ronaldsway Airport, Isle of Man, and equipped with De Havilland Dragon Rapides and Douglas C-47 Dakotas.[4] The airline also operated the Bristol Freighter and its aircraft were equipped with passenger modules. One of this airline's Bristol Freighters crashed on 27 February 1958 in the Winter Hill air disaster.[5] The airline was absorbed by Silver City Airways in 1958 and then merged with Channel Air Bridge to form British United Air Ferries in 1963.[6]

Manx Airlines (1982)

The new Manx Airlines was a joint venture founded by British Midland Airways and AirUK.[1] Services commenced on 1 November 1982 and the first flight was JE601, flown from its base at Isle of Man Airport at Ronaldsway, by its Bandeirante to Glasgow.

From 1985 until 1993, the airline employed the Shorts 360 and the Shorts 330. A Vickers Viscount 836 was operated from October 1982 until October 1988.[7] Before retirement, the Viscount performed several 'champagne' flights, as it was the last to operate scheduled passenger services in the UK.

In March 1987, Airlines of Britain Holdings (ABH) was formed to act as a holding company for British Midland Airways and its subsidiaries. The group was made up of British Midland, Manx Airlines, Loganair and, Eurocity Express.

Manx leased a Saab 340 from 1986 to 1988 to operate the Liverpool - Heathrow route. The aircraft was registered G-HOPP and bore "SkyHopper" titles. Manx acquired its first jet aircraft, a BAe 146-100 registered G-OJET, in late 1987 which entered service on the flagship Heathrow route. In 1993 a larger BAe 146-200 registered G-MIMA was leased to replace this aircraft. Another -200, G-MANS, joined the fleet in 1994.

In October 1988, the airline collected its first BAe ATP, replacing the Viscount. Eventually, the airline owned seventeen ATPs. Airlines of Britain Holdings acquired Business Air in 1996[8].

Fleet

Saab 340A "SkyHopper" at Liverpool on the Heathrow service in 1988
A Manx Airlines BAe 146-200 at Faro Airport, 1995.
Cabin interior of Manx Airlines Shorts 360 in 1992
Manx Airlines BAe Jetstream 31 at Dublin Airport in 1993.

Manx Airlines operated the following types of aircraft:

Expansion and sale

Manx Airlines Europe

In March 1991, Manx Airlines created Manx Airlines Europe in order to expand and fly routes within the United Kingdom from a base at Cardiff Airport.[9] ABH restructured Loganair in July 1994 which saw it become a franchise partner of British Airways in Scotland.[10] Manx Airlines Europe also became a franchise partner of British Airways in 1995, operating some routes from its Manchester base under the British Airways Express brand.[11]

British Regional Airlines

In September 1996, Airlines of Britain announced it would split its regional airlines into a separate grouping which would enable it to increase its franchise links with British Airways while British Midland looked to increase ties with Lufthansa. Loganair's cross-border trunk routes were combined with Manx Airlines Europe's UK routes and the new airline was renamed British Regional Airlines.[8] At the same time, British Airways closed down its 'Highlands' division and transferred the routes to British Regional Airlines which would operate them as a British Airways Express franchise partner.[12]

A small Manx Airlines operation retained its own identity operating five aircraft on routes from the Isle of Man. The British Regional Airline Group was created which contained both Manx Airlines and British Regional Airlines.[8] The Loganair name continued following a management buyout which saw a smaller independent airline continuing to operate routes between Shetland and Orkney.[13] In 1998 British Regional Airlines Group floated on the London Stock Exchange.[14]

In late 1998, Manx changed its corporate identity and introduced a new livery featuring a dark belly and a new Triskelion tail canvas.[15]

In March 2001, British Airways purchased the British Regional Airlines Group (holding company of British Regional Airlines and Manx Airlines) for £78 million.[16] Both airlines then merged with Brymon Airways to create British Airways CitiExpress.

Manx Airlines BAe ATP (G-MANC) in the Triskelion livery, June 2002.

Between March 1999 and the date of closure, the fleet was as follows:[17]

Type Number Registrations
BAe 146 1 G-MIMA
BAe ATP 3 G-MANA, G-MANB, G-MANC
Jetstream 41 1 G-MAJA

Manx Airlines ceased operations on 31 August 2002. The last flight was planned to be flown by BAe 146 G-MIMA, from London (Gatwick) to Isle of Man Airport (Ronaldsway). However, due to technical problems, a sub-chartered aircraft was brought in to operate this service. Therefore, the honour of operating the last Manx Airlines flight (JE 818 Birmingham International to Ronaldsway) went to Manx-born pilot Captain Paul Quine, who was in command of ATP G-MANB, which landed at Ronaldsway at 20:10 GMT on Saturday, 31 August 2002.

See also

References

Notes
  1. ^ a b "1983 | 1535 | Flight Archive". flightglobal.com. Retrieved 17 December 2017.
  2. ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 26 March – 1 April 1997. 86. "Isle of Man (Ronaldsway) Airport, Ballasalla, Isle of Man, IM9 2JE, UK"
  3. ^ Merton Jones, 1976, PP.289-290
  4. ^ Merton Jones, 2000, pp. 166-167
  5. ^ "The Winter Hill Air Disaster". Patrick Taylor.com. 27 February 2010. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
  6. ^ "Manx Airlines". Airline History. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  7. ^ Eastwood 1998, p. 529
  8. ^ a b c 1997-03-05T00:00:00+00:00. "Regionals split from British Midland". Flight Global. Retrieved 4 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Wings of Mann, Kniveton G N
  10. ^ "Our Heritage | Loganair". www.loganair.co.uk. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  11. ^ 1995-02-01T00:00:00+00:00. "Pragmatic progress". Flight Global. Retrieved 4 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ 1996-09-04T00:00:00+01:00. "Manx takes over BA's 'loss-making' Scottish services". Flight Global. Retrieved 7 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ "Our Heritage | Loganair". www.loganair.co.uk. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  14. ^ 1998-05-06T00:00:00+01:00. "British Regional gets ready for June flotation". Flight Global. Retrieved 4 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ "Triskelion: Manx Airlines". YESTERDAY'S AIRLINES. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  16. ^ Harrison, Michael (15 May 1998). "Airline flotation". The Independent. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
  17. ^ Pither 1999, p. 166
Bibliography

Media related to Manx Airlines at Wikimedia Commons

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