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| style="background:#caf5f7; padding:0.25em 0.25em"| [[File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg|20px|border]]<br/>[[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg|Gr D. of<br/>Luxem-<br/>bourg]]<br/><small>(1890–)</small>
| style="background:#caf5f7; padding:0.25em 0.25em"| [[File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg|20px|border]]<br/>[[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg|Gr D. of<br/>Luxem-<br/>bourg]]<br/><small>(1890–)</small>
|}<noinclude>
|}<noinclude>
==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Europe history templates|Low Countries]]
[[Category:Europe history templates|Low Countries]]
{{reflist}}
</noinclude>
</noinclude>

Revision as of 14:17, 13 May 2023

History of the Low Countries
Frisii Belgae
Cana-
nefates[1] 		Chamavi,
Tubantes[2] 		Gallia Belgica (55 BC – 5th c. AD)
Germania Inferior (83 – 5th c.)
Salian Franks Batavi[1]
unpopulated
(4th–5th c.) 		Saxons Salian Franks[1]
(4th–5th c.)
Frisian Kingdom
(6th c.–734) 		Frankish Kingdom (481–843)—Carolingian Empire (800–843)
Austrasia (511–687)
Middle Francia (843–855) West
Francia
(843–)
Kingdom of Lotharingia[3] (855– 959)
Duchy of Lower Lorraine[4] (959–)
Frisia


Frisian
Freedom[5]
(11–16th
century)
County of
Holland[6]
(880–1432)
Bishopric of
Utrecht[7]
(695–1456)
Duchy of
Brabant[8]
(1183–1430)

Duchy of
Guelders[9]
(1046–1543)
County of
Flanders[10]
(862–1384)
County of
Hainaut
(1071–1432)

County of
Namur
(981–1421)
P.-Bish.
of Liège
[11]
(980–1794)
Duchy of
Luxem-
bourg
(1059–1443)
 
Burgundian Netherlands (1384–1482)

Habsburg Netherlands (1482–1795)
(Seventeen Provinces after 1543)[12] 		 

Dutch Republic
(1581–1795)
Spanish Netherlands
(1556–1714) 		 
 
Austrian Netherlands
(1714–1795)
 
United States of Belgium
(1790)
R. Liège
(1789–'91)
     

Batavian Republic (1795–1806)
Kingdom of Holland (1806–1810)
associated with French First Republic (1795–1804)
part of First French Empire (1804–1815)
   

Princip. of the Netherlands (1813–1815) 		 
United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815–1830)
Gr D. L.
(1815–)

Kingdom of the Netherlands (1839–)
Kingdom of Belgium (1830–)

Gr D. of
Luxem-
bourg
(1890–)

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Roman foederati
  2. ^ The Chamavi merged into the confederation of the Franks; the Tubantes merged into the confederation of the Saxons.
  3. ^ Part of East Francia after 939, divided in Upper Lorraine (as part of West Francia) and Lower Lorraine (as part of East Francia) in 959.
  4. ^ Lower Lorraine—also referred to as Lothier—disintegrated into several smaller independent territories and only the title of a "Duke of Lothier" remained, held by Brabant.
  5. ^ Lordship of Frisia and Lordship of Groningen (including the Ommelanden) after 1524 and 1536 respectively.
  6. ^ Including County of Zeeland, that was ruled by neighboring County of Holland and County of Flanders (until 1432).
  7. ^ Utrecht included Lordship of Overijssel (until 1528), County of Drenthe (until 1528) and County of Zutphen (until 1182).
  8. ^ Duchy of Brabant included since 1288 also the Duchy of Limburg (now part of Belgium's Liège Province) and the "Overmaas" lands Dalhem, Valkenburg and Herzogenrath (now part of the Dutch Province of Limburg).
  9. ^ The county, later duchy, of Guelders consisted of four quarters, as they were separated by rivers: situated upstream Upper Quarter (the present day northern half of the Dutch province of Limburg), spatially separated from the three downstream Lower Quarters: County of Zutphen (after 1182), Veluwe Quarter and Nijmegen Quarter. The three lower quarters emerged from the historic gau Hamaland (named after the Chamavi tribe), and formed the present day province of Gelderland. Guelders did not include the Cleves enclave Huissen and the independent counties of Buren and Culemborg, that were much later seceded to the province of Gelderland.
  10. ^ Including County of Artois (part of Flanders until 1237) and Tournaisis.
  11. ^ Throughout the Middle Ages, the bishopric was further expanded with the Duchy of Bouillon in 1096 (ceded to France in 1678), the acquisition of the county of Loon in 1366 and the county of Horne in 1568. The Lordship of Mechelen was also part of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège.
  12. ^ The name Seventeen Provinces came in use after the Habsburg emperor Charles V had re-acquired the Duchy of Guelders, and an continuous territory arose.
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