EMER-K1: Difference between revisions
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* {{cvt|4|kg|lb}} (no magazine, assault rifle)<ref name="BMSA">{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314140015/http://www2.irrawaddy.com/article.php?art_id=1173|url=http://www2.irrawaddy.com/article.php?art_id=1173|title=Burma Making Small Arms|accessdate=2018-08-07|archivedate=2016-03-14|date=August 1998|publisher=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> |
* {{cvt|4|kg|lb}} (no magazine, assault rifle)<ref name="BMSA">{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314140015/http://www2.irrawaddy.com/article.php?art_id=1173|url=http://www2.irrawaddy.com/article.php?art_id=1173|title=Burma Making Small Arms|accessdate=2018-08-07|archivedate=2016-03-14|date=August 1998|publisher=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> |
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* {{cvt|4.5|kg|lb}} (light machine gun){{ |
* {{cvt|4.5|kg|lb}} (light machine gun){{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=218}} |
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The '''EMER K-1''', sometimes known as the '''EMER K1'''{{ |
The '''EMER K-1''', sometimes known as the '''EMER K1'''{{sfnp|Thompson|2019|p=43}} or '''EMERK-1''',<ref name="BMSA"/> was a prototype [[bullpup]] [[assault rifle]] made in [[Myanmar]] by the Electrical Mechanical and Engineering Corps (EMEC).<ref>{{Citation| last = Remigiusz| first = Wilk| title = Infantry Weapons: The Future Beckons for Asia| magazine= Asia Military Review| volume = 18| issue = 2| year = 2010| pages = 15}}</ref> [[Reverse engineering|Reverse engineered]] in 1995 from the Chinese [[QBZ-97]] assault rifle, the EMER K-1 was prone to stoppage. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The EMER K-1's development started after Ng Chung-Keung, a subsidiary of Chinese defense contractor [[Norinco]], exported a batch of [[QBZ-97]] assault rifles to Myanmar.<ref>{{cite web|date=17 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730050812/http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htweap/articles/20090228.aspx?comments=Y|archivedate=2018-07-30|url=http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htweap/articles/20090228.aspx?comments=Y|title=China Exports Its Radical New Assault Rifle|accessdate=2010-03-11|publisher=Strategy Page}}</ref><ref name="BTP">{{cite web|url=https://item.btime.com/30njpcbms8m8osq2b99ekutvtmk|title=菲军警接装中国97式步枪 逐渐取代美制枪械|date=2017-06-04|accessdate=2018-08-06|archivedate=2018-08-06|language=Chinese|publisher=B Time|archiveurl=https://archive.today/Ji8ap}}</ref> Norinco |
The EMER K-1's development started after Ng Chung-Keung, a subsidiary of Chinese defense contractor [[Norinco]], exported a batch of [[QBZ-97]] assault rifles to Myanmar.<ref>{{cite web|date=17 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730050812/http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htweap/articles/20090228.aspx?comments=Y|archivedate=2018-07-30|url=http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htweap/articles/20090228.aspx?comments=Y|title=China Exports Its Radical New Assault Rifle|accessdate=2010-03-11|publisher=Strategy Page}}</ref><ref name="BTP">{{cite web|url=https://item.btime.com/30njpcbms8m8osq2b99ekutvtmk|title=菲军警接装中国97式步枪 逐渐取代美制枪械|date=2017-06-04|accessdate=2018-08-06|archivedate=2018-08-06|language=Chinese|publisher=B Time|archiveurl=https://archive.today/Ji8ap}}</ref> Norinco decided not to export any more QBZ-97s due to arms sanctions placed on the country.{{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=218}} Myanmar, in response, refused to return them and subsequently were used as the basis for [[Reverse engineering|reverse engineering studies]].<ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115234450/http://www.gunsandammo.com:80/military-law-enforcement/chinas-assault-rifle-qbz95/|url=http://www.gunsandammo.com:80/military-law-enforcement/chinas-assault-rifle-qbz95/|title=China's Assault Rifle: QBZ95|date=2017-11-15|archivedate=2018-01-15|accessdate=2018-08-07}}</ref> |
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It was designed by EMEC engineers in 1995 with a batch of 15-16 firearms made for testing and evaluation.<ref name="BSA">{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715210629/http://www.smallarmsreview.com/display.article.cfm?idarticles=1154|archivedate=2018-07-01|date=2012-06-08|accessdate=2018-08-03|url=http://www.smallarmsreview.com/display.article.cfm?idarticles=1154|title=Burmese Small Arms Development|work=smallarmsreview.com|author=V. Kenneth}}</ref><ref name="BMSA"/> |
It was designed by EMEC engineers in 1995 with a batch of 15-16 firearms made for testing and evaluation.<ref name="BSA">{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715210629/http://www.smallarmsreview.com/display.article.cfm?idarticles=1154|archivedate=2018-07-01|date=2012-06-08|accessdate=2018-08-03|url=http://www.smallarmsreview.com/display.article.cfm?idarticles=1154|title=Burmese Small Arms Development|work=smallarmsreview.com|author=V. Kenneth}}</ref><ref name="BMSA"/> |
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Some EMER-K1s were issued to elite Myanmar troops on guard duty at the [[Yadana gas field]], according to [[Yangon]]-based diplomats in 1998.<ref name="BMSA"/>{{ |
Some EMER-K1s were issued to elite Myanmar troops on guard duty at the [[Yadana gas field]], according to [[Yangon]]-based diplomats in 1998.<ref name="BMSA"/>{{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=218}} |
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The EMER-K1 was not adopted by the [[Tatmadaw]] due to various problems on reliability and multiple incidents of stoppages and gun jams.{{ |
The EMER-K1 was not adopted by the [[Tatmadaw]] due to various problems on reliability and multiple incidents of stoppages and gun jams.{{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=218}} The QBZ-97 was reexamined in order to reverse engineer it once again.<ref name="MK III History">{{cite web|archiveurl=https://archive.today/KzdQa|url=https://item.btime.com/m_9c13043f392e48556?page=|title=这不是97式 缅甸自制无托步枪的发展|language=Chinese|date=2018-03-26|accessdate=2018-08-06|archivedate=2018-08-06|publisher=B Time}}</ref> This time, the decision was made to use the QBZ-97 as the basis for the MA-1 MK III assault rifle family.<ref name="MK III History"/> |
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==Design== |
==Design== |
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Reports suggested that the development of the EMER-K1 was made possible due to technical assistance from [[Singapore]],<ref name="BSA"/> in violation of [[United Nations]] arms sanctions.{{ |
Reports suggested that the development of the EMER-K1 was made possible due to technical assistance from [[Singapore]],<ref name="BSA"/> in violation of [[United Nations]] arms sanctions.{{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=218}} This was also made possible due to machinery allegedly supplied by Singapore.{{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=218}} |
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Construction of the EMER-K1s were done via [[Stamping (metalworking)|stamping]] with all-metal bodies.<ref name="BMSA"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://bellschool.anu.edu.au/sites/default/files/publications/attachments/2016-03/113_Transforming_the_Tatmadaw__The_Burmese_armed_forces_since_1988_%28Canberra_papers_on_strategy_and_defence%29_Andrew_Selth_207p_0731524012.pdf|title=Transforming the Tatmadaw: The Burmese Armed Forces since 1988|date=1996|accessdate=2018-08-07|publication-place=Canberra, Australia|number=113|page=34|institution=Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies}}</ref> The design was based on other assault rifles like the [[SAR21]], SA80, M16, [[IMI Tavor]] and the [[Steyr AUG]].{{ |
Construction of the EMER-K1s were done via [[Stamping (metalworking)|stamping]] with all-metal bodies.<ref name="BMSA"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://bellschool.anu.edu.au/sites/default/files/publications/attachments/2016-03/113_Transforming_the_Tatmadaw__The_Burmese_armed_forces_since_1988_%28Canberra_papers_on_strategy_and_defence%29_Andrew_Selth_207p_0731524012.pdf|title=Transforming the Tatmadaw: The Burmese Armed Forces since 1988|date=1996|accessdate=2018-08-07|publication-place=Canberra, Australia|number=113|page=34|institution=Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies}}</ref> The design was based on other assault rifles like the [[SAR21]], SA80, M16, [[IMI Tavor]] and the [[Steyr AUG]].{{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=218}} |
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The EMER-K1's [[flash hider]], carry handle, magazine housing, bayonet stud, sling swivels and flip aperture sights are based on the [[M16 rifle|M16]] series.<ref name="BSA"/> The pistol grip, trigger, trigger guard, stock and vent holes are based on the [[SA80]] series.<ref name="BSA"/> |
The EMER-K1's [[flash hider]], carry handle, magazine housing, bayonet stud, sling swivels and flip aperture sights are based on the [[M16 rifle|M16]] series.<ref name="BSA"/> The pistol grip, trigger, trigger guard, stock and vent holes are based on the [[SA80]] series.<ref name="BSA"/> |
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The rifle’s [[Action (firearms)|action]] appears to be based on the [[QBZ-95]]'s gas piston.<ref name="BSA"/> The fire selector has three settings and is positioned on the left side behind the magazine well with the charging handle position on the right side.{{ |
The rifle’s [[Action (firearms)|action]] appears to be based on the [[QBZ-95]]'s gas piston.<ref name="BSA"/> The fire selector has three settings and is positioned on the left side behind the magazine well with the charging handle position on the right side.{{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=218}} |
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==Variants== |
==Variants== |
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===EMER-K1 LMG=== |
===EMER-K1 LMG=== |
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An LMG version of the EMER-K1.<ref name="BSA"/> The barrel appears to be an AKM-based muzzle-climb compensator while having a different handguard.{{ |
An LMG version of the EMER-K1.<ref name="BSA"/> The barrel appears to be an AKM-based muzzle-climb compensator while having a different handguard.{{sfnp|Johnson|Nelson|2016|p=219}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
Revision as of 18:11, 29 May 2023
EMER-K1 | |
---|---|
Type |
|
Place of origin | Myanmar |
Service history | |
Used by | Tatmadaw (primary user) |
Production history | |
Designer | Electrical Mechanical and Engineering Corps (EMEC) |
Designed | 1995 |
Manufacturer | Electrical Mechanical and Engineering Corps (EMEC) |
Produced | 1995 |
No. built | Preproduction prototypes only |
Specifications | |
Mass | |
Cartridge | 5.56×45mm NATO |
Action | Gas-operated, closed bolt |
Rate of fire | 650 rounds/minute[1] |
Effective firing range | 400 m (440 yd)[1] |
Feed system | 30-round detachable STANAG box magazine |
Sights | Post front sight and adjustable rear sights |
The EMER K-1, sometimes known as the EMER K1[3] or EMERK-1,[1] was a prototype bullpup assault rifle made in Myanmar by the Electrical Mechanical and Engineering Corps (EMEC).[4] Reverse engineered in 1995 from the Chinese QBZ-97 assault rifle, the EMER K-1 was prone to stoppage.
History
The EMER K-1's development started after Ng Chung-Keung, a subsidiary of Chinese defense contractor Norinco, exported a batch of QBZ-97 assault rifles to Myanmar.[5][6] Norinco decided not to export any more QBZ-97s due to arms sanctions placed on the country.[2] Myanmar, in response, refused to return them and subsequently were used as the basis for reverse engineering studies.[7]
It was designed by EMEC engineers in 1995 with a batch of 15-16 firearms made for testing and evaluation.[8][1]
Some EMER-K1s were issued to elite Myanmar troops on guard duty at the Yadana gas field, according to Yangon-based diplomats in 1998.[1][2]
The EMER-K1 was not adopted by the Tatmadaw due to various problems on reliability and multiple incidents of stoppages and gun jams.[2] The QBZ-97 was reexamined in order to reverse engineer it once again.[9] This time, the decision was made to use the QBZ-97 as the basis for the MA-1 MK III assault rifle family.[9]
Design
Reports suggested that the development of the EMER-K1 was made possible due to technical assistance from Singapore,[8] in violation of United Nations arms sanctions.[2] This was also made possible due to machinery allegedly supplied by Singapore.[2]
Construction of the EMER-K1s were done via stamping with all-metal bodies.[1][10] The design was based on other assault rifles like the SAR21, SA80, M16, IMI Tavor and the Steyr AUG.[2]
The EMER-K1's flash hider, carry handle, magazine housing, bayonet stud, sling swivels and flip aperture sights are based on the M16 series.[8] The pistol grip, trigger, trigger guard, stock and vent holes are based on the SA80 series.[8]
The rifle’s action appears to be based on the QBZ-95's gas piston.[8] The fire selector has three settings and is positioned on the left side behind the magazine well with the charging handle position on the right side.[2]
Variants
EMER-K1 Assault Rifle
The basic version of the EMER-K1.[8]
EMER-K1 LMG
An LMG version of the EMER-K1.[8] The barrel appears to be an AKM-based muzzle-climb compensator while having a different handguard.[11]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g "Burma Making Small Arms". The Irrawaddy. August 1998. Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Johnson & Nelson (2016), p. 218.
- ^ Thompson (2019), p. 43.
- ^ Remigiusz, Wilk (2010), "Infantry Weapons: The Future Beckons for Asia", Asia Military Review, vol. 18, no. 2, p. 15
- ^ "China Exports Its Radical New Assault Rifle". Strategy Page. 17 May 2016. Archived from the original on 2018-07-30. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ^ "菲军警接装中国97式步枪 逐渐取代美制枪械" (in Chinese). B Time. 2017-06-04. Archived from the original on 2018-08-06. Retrieved 2018-08-06.
- ^ "China's Assault Rifle: QBZ95". 2017-11-15. Archived from the original on 2018-01-15. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
- ^ a b c d e f g V. Kenneth (2012-06-08). "Burmese Small Arms Development". smallarmsreview.com. Archived from the original on 2018-07-01. Retrieved 2018-08-03.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; 2018-07-15 suggested (help) - ^ a b "这不是97式 缅甸自制无托步枪的发展" (in Chinese). B Time. 2018-03-26. Archived from the original on 2018-08-06. Retrieved 2018-08-06.
- ^ "Transforming the Tatmadaw: The Burmese Armed Forces since 1988" (PDF). Canberra, Australia: Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies. 1996. p. 34. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
- ^ Johnson & Nelson (2016), p. 219.
Bibliography
- Johnson, Gary Paul; Nelson, Thomas B. (2016-12-15). The World's Assault Rifles. Ironside International Publishers. ISBN 9781619846012.
- Thompson, Leroy (2019-05-30). The G3 Battle Rifle. Weapon 68. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 9781472828620.