Chettiar: Difference between revisions
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{{redirect-multi|3|Chetty|Chetti|Chetties|the Sri Lankan community|Sri Lankan Chetties}} |
{{redirect-multi|3|Chetty|Chetti|Chetties|the Sri Lankan community|Sri Lankan Chetties}} |
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[[File:Kanadukathan Chettinadu Palace entrance - chettinadu architecture.jpg|thumb|Kanadukathan Chettinadu Palace entrance. It is an example of Chettinadu architecture.]] |
[[File:Kanadukathan Chettinadu Palace entrance - chettinadu architecture.jpg|thumb|Kanadukathan Chettinadu Palace entrance. It is an example of Chettinadu architecture.]] |
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'''Chettiar''' (also spelt as '''Chetti''' and '''Chetty''') is a title used by many [[mercantile|traders]], [[weaving]], [[Agriculture|agricultural]] and land-owning castes in [[South India]], especially in the [[States and union territories of India|states]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]] and [[Karnataka]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article/chettiar-band-avm-to-fm/282336 |title=Chettiar Band, AVM To FM|work=Outlook |access-date=2016-04-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2003-08-19/news/27516947_1_tamil-nadu-banking-southern-film-industry |title=Chettiars reign where wealth meets godliness |work=The Economic Times |access-date=2016-04-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/kp-vishwanath-sir-m-puttanna-chetty-town-hall-bbmp/articleshow/28562233.cms |title=BBMP move shocking: Puttanna Chetty's grandson}}</ref> |
'''Chettiar''' (also spelt as '''Chetti''' and '''Chetty''') is a title used by many [[mercantile|traders]], [[weaving]], [[Agriculture|agricultural]] and land-owning castes in [[South India]], especially in the [[States and union territories of India|states]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]] and [[Karnataka]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article/chettiar-band-avm-to-fm/282336 |title=Chettiar Band, AVM To FM|work=Outlook |access-date=2016-04-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2003-08-19/news/27516947_1_tamil-nadu-banking-southern-film-industry |title=Chettiars reign where wealth meets godliness |work=The Economic Times |access-date=2016-04-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/kp-vishwanath-sir-m-puttanna-chetty-town-hall-bbmp/articleshow/28562233.cms |title=BBMP move shocking: Puttanna Chetty's grandson}}</ref>. They are also know for running the Indian Hawala system. |
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== Etymology == |
== Etymology == |
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Revision as of 13:01, 16 June 2023
Chettiar (also spelt as Chetti and Chetty) is a title used by many traders, weaving, agricultural and land-owning castes in South India, especially in the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka.[1][2][3]. They are also know for running the Indian Hawala system.
Etymology
Chettiar/Chetty is derived from the Sanskrit word Śreṣṭha (Devanagari: श्रेष्ठ) or Śreṣṭhin (Devanagari: श्रेष्ठीन्) meaning superior, Prakritised as Seṭhī (Devanagari: सेठी), and then Śeṭ (Devanagari: शेट) or Śeṭī (Devanagari: शेटी) in modern Indo-Aryan dialects.[4][5][6][7][8][9]
See also
- Nagarathar
- Vallanattu Chettiar
- Twenty four Manai Telugu Chettiars
- Devanga Chettiar
- Pattanavar
- Chitty
- Kandangi sari
- Pattusali
References
- ^ "Chettiar Band, AVM To FM". Outlook. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ "Chettiars reign where wealth meets godliness". The Economic Times. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ "BBMP move shocking: Puttanna Chetty's grandson".
- ^ Jalal, Ayesha (1995). Democracy and Authoritarianism in South Asia: A Comparative and Historical Perspective. Cambridge University Press. p. 204. ISBN 978-0-521-47862-5.
- ^ Raychaudhuri, Tapan; Habib, Irfan; Kumar, Dharma (1982). The Cambridge Economic History of India: c.1200–c.1750. Cambridge University Press Archive. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-0-521-22692-9.
- ^ "The Dawn and Dawn Society's Magazine". 12. Calcutta: Lall Mohan Mullick. 1909: 91.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help):”In all the early Indian literatures, the word is applied to a very wealthy class of merchants, who invariably belonged to the Vysya class” - ^ Belle, Carl Vadivella (2017). Thaipusam in Malaysia. Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute. ISBN 9789814695756.:”Although the Chettiars were originally a Sudra caste, in more recent times they have made claim to be considered as Vaisyas.”
- ^ Intirā Pārttacārati (2008). Ramanujar: The Life and Ideas of Ramanuja. Oxford University Press. p. 98. ISBN 978-0-19-569161-0.
The Chetti, Vaisya, or merchant caste
- ^ Population Review. Indian Institute for Population Studies. 1975. p. 26.
Further reading
- Christine Dobson, Asian Entrepreneurial Minorities, Curzon Press UK, 1996. (A chapter in the book is devoted to the Chettiars who set up businesses in Burma.)
- Rajeswary Brown (1993) "Chettiar capital and Southeast Asian credit networks in the inter-war period". In G. Austin and K. Sugihara, eds. Local Suppliers of Credit in the Third World, 1750-1960. (New York: St. Martin's Press).
- Kudaisya, Medha M. (2009). "Marwari and Chettiar Merchants. 1850s-1950s: Comparative Trajectories". In Kudaisya, Medha M.; Ng, Chin-Keong (eds.). Chinese and Indian Business: Historical Antecedents. Leiden: BRILL. ISBN 9789004172791.
- David Rudner (1989) Banker's Trust and the Culture of Banking among the Nattukottai Chettiars of Colonial South India. Modern Asian Studies 23 (3), 417-458.
- Heiko Schrader (1996) Chettiar Finance in Colonial Asia. Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie 121, 101-126.