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'''Văn Tiến Dũng''' ({{IPA-vi|van tǐən zǔŋmˀ|lang}}; 2 May 1917 &ndash; 17 March 2002), born Co Nhue commune, [[Từ Liêm District]], [[Hanoi]], was a Vietnamese general in the [[People's Army of Vietnam]] (PAVN), PAVN chief of staff (1954–74); PAVN commander in chief (1974–80); member of the [[Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam|Central Military–Party Committee (CMPC)]] (1984–86) and [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam]] defense minister (1980–87).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rialtochannel.co.nz/Blog/Helene-Ravlichs-Blog/ID/1244/LAST-DAYS-IN-VIETNAM-the-chaotic-end-of-one-hell-of-a-war|title=LAST DAYS IN VIETNAM – the chaotic end of one hell of a war}}.</ref>
'''Văn Tiến Dũng''' ({{IPA-vi|van tǐən zǔŋmˀ|lang}}; 2 May 1917 &ndash; 17 March 2002), born in Co Nhue commune, [[Từ Liêm District]], [[Hanoi]], was a Vietnamese general in the [[People's Army of Vietnam]] (PAVN), PAVN chief of staff (1954–74); PAVN commander in chief (1974–80); member of the [[Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam|Central Military–Party Committee (CMPC)]] (1984–86) and [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam]] defense minister (1980–87).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rialtochannel.co.nz/Blog/Helene-Ravlichs-Blog/ID/1244/LAST-DAYS-IN-VIETNAM-the-chaotic-end-of-one-hell-of-a-war|title=LAST DAYS IN VIETNAM – the chaotic end of one hell of a war}}.</ref>


==Military career==
==Military career==
Văn Tiến Dũng joined the [[Communist Party of Vietnam]] in 1936, he escaped from a French prison in 1944, and fought against the Japanese occupation force during the Second World War. August 1945, he directed the armed forces to seize power in the province of [[Hòa Bình Province|Hòa Bình]], [[Ninh Bình]] and [[Thanh Hóa]]. By October 1953 during the [[First Indochina War]], Dũng rose to become Chief of Staff of the Vietnam People's Army under General [[Võ Nguyên Giáp]] prior to the [[Battle of Dien Bien Phu|siege of Điện Biên Phủ]] in 1954. For the next twenty years, his military reputation in North Vietnam was second only to Giáp's. {{Citation needed|date=December 2011}}
Văn Tiến Dũng joined the [[Communist Party of Vietnam]] in 1936; he escaped from a French prison in 1944, and fought against the Japanese occupation force during the Second World War. August 1945, he directed the armed forces to seize power in the province of [[Hòa Bình Province|Hòa Bình]], [[Ninh Bình]] and [[Thanh Hóa]]. By October 1953 during the [[First Indochina War]], Dũng rose to become Chief of Staff of the Vietnam People's Army under General [[Võ Nguyên Giáp]] prior to the [[Battle of Dien Bien Phu|siege of Điện Biên Phủ]] in 1954. Over the next twenty years, his military reputation in North Vietnam was second only to Giáp's. {{Citation needed|date=December 2011}}


He commanded the vital Tri-Thien-Hue Front during the 1972 [[Easter Offensive]], replacing his mentor as PAVN commander in chief in 1974, when the [[Vietnam War]] against the Americans and South Vietnamese evolved from a guerrilla struggle to more conventional forms.<ref name=Lanning>Michael Lee Lanning and Dan Cragg, ''Inside the VC and the NVA: The Real Story of North Vietnam's Armed Forces'' (Texas A&M University Press, 2008)</ref><ref name=Elliott>
He commanded the vital Tri-Thien-Hue Front during the 1972 [[Easter Offensive]], replacing his mentor as PAVN commander in chief in 1974, when the [[Vietnam War]] against the Americans and South Vietnamese evolved from a guerrilla struggle into a more conventional war. <ref name=Lanning>Michael Lee Lanning and Dan Cragg, ''Inside the VC and the NVA: The Real Story of North Vietnam's Armed Forces'' (Texas A&M University Press, 2008)</ref><ref name=Elliott>
Mai Elliott, ''RAND in Southeast Asia: A History of the Vietnam War Era'' (Rand Corporation, 2010) p525</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/cgsc/carl/download/csipubs/Vietnam.pdf | title = Vietnam: A History of the Bulwark B-2 Theater Translation of ''Kết thúc cuộc chiến tranh 30 năm.'' | author = Colonel General Trần Văn Trà | publisher = United States. Joint Publications Research Service | date = February 1983 | access-date =14 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thesefootballtimes.co/2017/11/16/the-reunification-game-that-brought-north-and-south-vietnam-together/|title=REUNIFICATION GAME THAT BROUGHT NORTH AND SOUTH VIETNAM TOGETHER|date=16 November 2017}}.</ref>
Mai Elliott, ''RAND in Southeast Asia: A History of the Vietnam War Era'' (Rand Corporation, 2010) p525</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/cgsc/carl/download/csipubs/Vietnam.pdf | title = Vietnam: A History of the Bulwark B-2 Theater Translation of ''Kết thúc cuộc chiến tranh 30 năm.'' | author = Colonel General Trần Văn Trà | publisher = United States. Joint Publications Research Service | date = February 1983 | access-date =14 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thesefootballtimes.co/2017/11/16/the-reunification-game-that-brought-north-and-south-vietnam-together/|title=REUNIFICATION GAME THAT BROUGHT NORTH AND SOUTH VIETNAM TOGETHER|date=16 November 2017}}.</ref>


Dũng planned and commanded the [[1975 spring offensive]], the final PAVN offensive that defeated South Vietnamese defenses and [[Fall of Saigon|captured Saigon]] in 1975.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/asia/la-me-saigon-f,0,5630782.flash|title=Audio Slideshow: Black April|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2009-05-28}}</ref> He also directed Vietnam's [[Cambodian–Vietnamese War|invasion]] of [[Democratic Kampuchea|Khmer Rouge Cambodia]] and the resulting [[Sino-Vietnamese War|border conflict]] with the [[People's Republic of China]] in 1979.<ref name="PRC-analysis">"China "Should Learn from its Losses" in the War against Vietnam" from "August 1" Radio, People's republic of China, 1400 GMT, February 17, 1980, as reported by BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, 22 February 1980</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Xiabing Li |url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=HClVMlNksQMC |page=436 }} |title=A History of the Modern Chinese Army |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |access-date=2014-07-09}}</ref><ref>soha.vn/quan-su/bien-gioi-phia-bac-1979-30-ngay-khong-the-nao-quen-1-20150216095114962.htm</ref><ref>[http://countrystudies.us/cambodia/33.htm Cambodia – The Fall of Democratic Kampuchea]. U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved 9 July 2013.</ref> He was appointed [[Minister of Defence (Vietnam)|defence minister]] in 1980. He retired in December 1986 at the [[6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam]].
Dũng planned and commanded the [[1975 spring offensive]], which overwhelmed South Vietnamese defenses and [[Fall of Saigon|captured Saigon]] in 1975.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/asia/la-me-saigon-f,0,5630782.flash|title=Audio Slideshow: Black April|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2009-05-28}}</ref> He also directed Vietnam's [[Cambodian–Vietnamese War|invasion]] of [[Democratic Kampuchea|Khmer Rouge Cambodia]] and the resulting [[Sino-Vietnamese War|border conflict]] with the [[People's Republic of China]] in 1979.<ref name="PRC-analysis">"China "Should Learn from its Losses" in the War against Vietnam" from "August 1" Radio, People's republic of China, 1400 GMT, February 17, 1980, as reported by BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, 22 February 1980</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Xiabing Li |url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=HClVMlNksQMC |page=436 }} |title=A History of the Modern Chinese Army |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |access-date=2014-07-09}}</ref><ref>soha.vn/quan-su/bien-gioi-phia-bac-1979-30-ngay-khong-the-nao-quen-1-20150216095114962.htm</ref><ref>[http://countrystudies.us/cambodia/33.htm Cambodia – The Fall of Democratic Kampuchea]. U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved 9 July 2013.</ref> He was appointed [[Minister of Defence (Vietnam)|defence minister]] in 1980. He retired in December 1986 at the [[6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam]].


Văn Tiến Dũng died on 17 March 2002 in [[Hanoi]], at the age of 84.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Văn Tiến Dũng, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death |url=https://www.bornglorious.com/person/?pi=700516 |access-date=2022-09-15 |website=www.bornglorious.com}}</ref>
Văn Tiến Dũng died on 17 March 2002 in [[Hanoi]], at the age of 84.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Văn Tiến Dũng, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death |url=https://www.bornglorious.com/person/?pi=700516 |access-date=2022-09-15 |website=www.bornglorious.com}}</ref>

Revision as of 15:22, 10 July 2023

In this Vietnamese name, the surname is Văn, but is often simplified to Van in English-language text. In accordance with Vietnamese custom, this person should be referred to by the given name, Dũng.
Văn Tiến Dũng
Dũng in 1954
Secretary of the Central Military–Party Committee of the Communist Party
In office
1984–1986
Preceded byLê Duẩn
Succeeded byTrường Chinh
6th Minister of Defence
In office
February 1980 – February 1987
Preceded byVõ Nguyên Giáp
Succeeded byLê Đức Anh
2nd Chief of General Staff
In office
1953–1954
Preceded byHoàng Văn Thái
Succeeded byHoàng Văn Thái
In office
1954–1978
Preceded byHoàng Văn Thái
Succeeded byLê Trọng Tấn
Member of the Politburo
In office
20 December 1976 – 18 December 1986
Personal details
Born(1917-05-02)2 May 1917
Từ Liêm, Vietnam, French Indochina
Died17 March 2002(2002-03-17) (aged 84)
Hanoi, Vietnam
Political party Communist Party of Vietnam (1936–1986)
Awards Gold Star Order
Ho Chi Minh Order
Military Exploit Order
Resolution for Victory Order
Military service
AllegianceVietnam
Branch/serviceNorth Vietnam Việt Minh
Vietnam People's Army of Vietnam
Years of service1945–1986
RankGeneral
CommandsVietnam People's Army
Battles/wars

Văn Tiến Dũng (Vietnamese: [van tǐən zǔŋmˀ]; 2 May 1917 – 17 March 2002), born in Co Nhue commune, Từ Liêm District, Hanoi, was a Vietnamese general in the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), PAVN chief of staff (1954–74); PAVN commander in chief (1974–80); member of the Central Military–Party Committee (CMPC) (1984–86) and Socialist Republic of Vietnam defense minister (1980–87).[1]

Military career

Văn Tiến Dũng joined the Communist Party of Vietnam in 1936; he escaped from a French prison in 1944, and fought against the Japanese occupation force during the Second World War. August 1945, he directed the armed forces to seize power in the province of Hòa Bình, Ninh Bình and Thanh Hóa. By October 1953 during the First Indochina War, Dũng rose to become Chief of Staff of the Vietnam People's Army under General Võ Nguyên Giáp prior to the siege of Điện Biên Phủ in 1954. Over the next twenty years, his military reputation in North Vietnam was second only to Giáp's. [citation needed]

He commanded the vital Tri-Thien-Hue Front during the 1972 Easter Offensive, replacing his mentor as PAVN commander in chief in 1974, when the Vietnam War against the Americans and South Vietnamese evolved from a guerrilla struggle into a more conventional war. [2][3][4][5]

Dũng planned and commanded the 1975 spring offensive, which overwhelmed South Vietnamese defenses and captured Saigon in 1975.[6] He also directed Vietnam's invasion of Khmer Rouge Cambodia and the resulting border conflict with the People's Republic of China in 1979.[7][8][9][10] He was appointed defence minister in 1980. He retired in December 1986 at the 6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam.

Văn Tiến Dũng died on 17 March 2002 in Hanoi, at the age of 84.[11]

References

Notes

  1. ^ "LAST DAYS IN VIETNAM – the chaotic end of one hell of a war"..
  2. ^ Michael Lee Lanning and Dan Cragg, Inside the VC and the NVA: The Real Story of North Vietnam's Armed Forces (Texas A&M University Press, 2008)
  3. ^ Mai Elliott, RAND in Southeast Asia: A History of the Vietnam War Era (Rand Corporation, 2010) p525
  4. ^ Colonel General Trần Văn Trà (February 1983). "Vietnam: A History of the Bulwark B-2 Theater Translation of Kết thúc cuộc chiến tranh 30 năm." (PDF). United States. Joint Publications Research Service. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
  5. ^ "REUNIFICATION GAME THAT BROUGHT NORTH AND SOUTH VIETNAM TOGETHER". 16 November 2017..
  6. ^ "Audio Slideshow: Black April". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2009-05-28.
  7. ^ "China "Should Learn from its Losses" in the War against Vietnam" from "August 1" Radio, People's republic of China, 1400 GMT, February 17, 1980, as reported by BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, 22 February 1980
  8. ^ Xiabing Li. A History of the Modern Chinese Army. University Press of Kentucky. Retrieved 2014-07-09.
  9. ^ soha.vn/quan-su/bien-gioi-phia-bac-1979-30-ngay-khong-the-nao-quen-1-20150216095114962.htm
  10. ^ Cambodia – The Fall of Democratic Kampuchea. U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
  11. ^ "Văn Tiến Dũng, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death". www.bornglorious.com. Retrieved 2022-09-15.

Sources

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