Energy in Moldova: Difference between revisions
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Between December 2022 and March 2023, when Gazprom cut off supplies, Energocom provided all gas needed by Moldova.<ref>{{cite web |title=Moldova: diversifying supplies and curbing Gazprom’s influence |url=https://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2023-06-15/moldova-diversifying-supplies-and-curbing-gazproms-influence |date=15 June 2023}}</ref> Energocom will be supplying 3.7 mcm/d of gas primarily from Romania and Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Moldova diversifies gas import sources |url=https://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2022-12-08/moldova-diversifies-gas-import-sources |date=8 December 2022}}</ref> |
Between December 2022 and March 2023, when Gazprom cut off supplies, Energocom provided all gas needed by Moldova.<ref>{{cite web |title=Moldova: diversifying supplies and curbing Gazprom’s influence |url=https://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2023-06-15/moldova-diversifying-supplies-and-curbing-gazproms-influence |date=15 June 2023}}</ref> Energocom will be supplying 3.7 mcm/d of gas primarily from Romania and Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Moldova diversifies gas import sources |url=https://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2022-12-08/moldova-diversifies-gas-import-sources |date=8 December 2022}}</ref> |
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Improvements were made by |
Improvements were made by 2021 in diversification of supply through interconnecting with Romania through the Ungheni-Chisinau pipeline and the use of gas storage capacities in Ukraine and Romania, improve stability.<ref>{{cite web |title=Executive summary |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/moldova-2022/executive-summary |access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref> |
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===Electricity === |
===Electricity === |
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Revision as of 07:56, 28 July 2023
Energy in Moldova describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Moldova.
Moldova lacks domestic sources of fossil energy and must import substantial amounts of petroleum, coal, natural gas, and other energy resources. Primary energy supply in 2018 was about half natural gas, a quarter oil and solid biomass one-fifth.[1]
Renewable energy is used in the country, primarily for electricity generation or heating. The projected share of renewable energy in the gross final consumption of energy in 2020 is 20%.[2][needs update]
Overview
Moldova imports all of its supplies of petroleum, coal, and natural gas, until 2022, it came largely from Russia. It is planned by 2025 to cease electricity produced from Russian gas by importing electricity from Romania.[3]
Moldova was an observer to the treaty establishing the Energy Community from the outset (2006). Following its interest in full membership, the European Commission was mandated to carry out accession negotiations with Moldova in 2007. In December 2009, the Energy Community Ministerial Council decided on the accession, but made it conditional to amendment of Moldova's gas law.[4] Moldova joined the Energy Community as a full-fledged member in March 2010.[5]
Moldova, together with the other contracting parties, has the following tasks and obligations:
- Extension of the acquis communautaire into their national legislation
- Establishment of mechanism for network energy markets operations
- Creation of a single energy market
The Energy Community acquis communautaire consists of roughly 25 legal acts.[6] It includes key EU legal acts in the area of electricity, gas, oil, environment, energy efficiency, renewable energy resources and statistics. The treaty envisages that the main principles of EU competition policy are also applicable. The timeline for transposition and implementation is laid down by the treaty or by a Ministerial Council decision.
Moldova is a partner country of the EU INOGATE energy programme, which has four key topics: enhancing energy security, convergence of member state energy markets on the basis of EU internal energy market principles, supporting sustainable energy development, and attracting investment for energy projects of common and regional interest.[7]
JSC Energocom
In 2022 Moldova created JSC Energocom, initially just for renewable power supplies, before Russia attacked Ukraine electricity system that resulted in electricity imports from Ukraine being suspended. EBRD provided Energocom with €300m to improve energy security.[8]
Gas
Moldova has a contract with Gazprom that will expire in October 2026 to supply 5.7(million m³ per day) mcm/d, however in December 2022 Gazprom cut off supplies for three months.
Between December 2022 and March 2023, when Gazprom cut off supplies, Energocom provided all gas needed by Moldova.[9] Energocom will be supplying 3.7 mcm/d of gas primarily from Romania and Ukraine.[10]
Improvements were made by 2021 in diversification of supply through interconnecting with Romania through the Ungheni-Chisinau pipeline and the use of gas storage capacities in Ukraine and Romania, improve stability.[11]
Electricity
March 2022 saw Moldova interconnecting its national electricity network with that of Romania. It is planned for Romania to provide 30% of the needs of Moldova.[12]
In November 2022 the power station located in Transnistra which produced electricity from Russian gas ceased supplying Moldova with electricity. Electricity was imported from Romania, albeit at a higher cost, helped by a grant from the EU of €200m.[13]
Electricity production in 2021, million kW*h[14]
| Cuciurgan power station | 3 445,6 |
| Termoelectrica (Chișinău) | 695,4 |
| CET Bălţi | 102,3 |
| HPS Costeşti | 67,6 |
| Renewable sources | 75,5 |
| Other local sources (sugar factory) | 2,7 |
| JSC Energocom | 0 |
| Total | 4 389.1 |
See also
References
- ^ "Moldova energy profile – Analysis". IEA. Retrieved 2021-10-21.
- ^ Moldova (27 December 2013). "NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA FOR 2013-2020" (PDF). Retrieved 2015-09-22.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "How Moldova Getting Ready to Cut off Gas to Transnistria and Consequences for Region". 26 June 2023.
- ^ Energy Community Ministerial Council Conclusions, Dec 2009[permanent dead link].
- ^ Accession Protocol of Republic of Moldova to the Energy Community [dead link]
- ^ "Obligations". Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
- ^ "INOGATE". Retrieved 1 April 2016.
- ^ "EBRD lends Moldova €300 million to safeguard energy security". 23 June 2022.
- ^ "Moldova: diversifying supplies and curbing Gazprom's influence". 15 June 2023.
- ^ "Moldova diversifies gas import sources". 8 December 2022.
- ^ "Executive summary". Retrieved 28 July 2023.
- ^ "Romania to Supply Power to Moldova After Ukraine Facilities Bombed". 13 October 2022.
- ^ "EU announces additional €200m energy support package for Moldova". 10 November 2022.
- ^ "Technical-economic indicators regarding the activity of the operator of the transport system for the year 2021". ÎS Moldelectrica (in Romanian).
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