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'''doTerra''' (styled '''dōTERRA''') is a [[multi-level marketing]]<ref name=dismisses/><ref name=miers>{{cite news|last1=Miers|first1=Claire|title=Essential oils a booming business|url=http://www.star-telegram.com/living/health-fitness/article17889908.html|access-date=July 22, 2015|work=Star-Telegram|date=April 8, 2015|archive-date=July 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723041415/http://www.star-telegram.com/living/health-fitness/article17889908.html|url-status=live}}</ref> company based in [[Pleasant Grove, Utah]] that sells [[essential oil]]s and other related products. doTerra was founded in 2008 by former executives of [[Young Living]] and others.<ref name="NYer_090917" /> The company's products are sold through independent distributors called Wellness Advocates, using a multi-level marketing model to sell its products. Individuals receive commissions based on their own sales and the sales of others in their organization.<ref name="NYer_090917" />
'''doTerra''' (styled '''dōTERRA''') is a [[multi-level marketing]]<ref name=dismisses/><ref name=miers>{{cite news|last1=Miers|first1=Claire|title=Essential oils a booming business|url=http://www.star-telegram.com/living/health-fitness/article17889908.html|access-date=July 22, 2015|work=Star-Telegram|date=April 8, 2015|archive-date=July 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723041415/http://www.star-telegram.com/living/health-fitness/article17889908.html|url-status=live}}</ref> company based in [[Pleasant Grove, Utah]] that sells [[essential oil]]s and other related products. doTerra was founded in 2008 by former executives of [[Young Living]] and others.<ref name="NYer_090917" /> The company's products are sold through independent distributors called Wellness Advocates, using a multi-level marketing model to sell its products. Distributor are eligible to receive commissions based on their own sales and the sales of others in their organization.<ref name="NYer_090917" />


The company and its representatives have repeatedly come under fire for misleading claims that their products could help prevent or cure diseases such as [[cancer]], [[autism]], [[Ebola]] and more recently, [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]], even being the target of a warning from the [[Food and Drug Administration]] and the [[Federal Trade Commission]].<ref name=WaPo092414 /><ref name="NYer_090917">{{cite news|last1=Monroe|first1=Rachel|title=How Essential Oils Became the Cure for Our Age of Anxiety|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/10/09/how-essential-oils-became-the-cure-for-our-age-of-anxiety|access-date=February 26, 2018|work=[[New Yorker (magazine)|New Yorker]]|date=October 9, 2017|archive-date=March 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303111338/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/10/09/how-essential-oils-became-the-cure-for-our-age-of-anxiety|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="MJ022318">{{cite news|last1=Butler|first1=Kiera|title=How Multilevel Marketing Companies Got the Autism Community Hooked on Essential Oils|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/02/doterra-young-living-multilevel-marketing-companies-got-autism-community-hooked-essential-oils/|access-date=February 26, 2018|work=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]|date=February 23, 2018|archive-date=February 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227035617/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/02/doterra-young-living-multilevel-marketing-companies-got-autism-community-hooked-essential-oils/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=warning/> The assertion that [[aromatherapy]] can have curative properties beyond relaxation is not supported by the company.<ref name="ReferenceD">{{cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=Myeong Soo|last2=Choi|first2=Jiae Choi|title=Aromatherapy for health care: an overview of systematic reviews|journal=Maturitas|date=2012|volume=3|issue=71|pages=257–260|doi=10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.12.018|pmid=22285469}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceE">{{cite journal |doi=10.3233/JRS-2012-0568 |pmid=22936057 |year=2012 |last1=Posadzki |first1=P |title=Adverse effects of aromatherapy: A systematic review of case reports and case series |journal=The International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=147–61 |last2=Alotaibi |first2=A |last3=Ernst |first3=E}}</ref><ref name="poison.org">{{Cite web|title=Essential Oils: Poisonous when Misused|url=https://www.poison.org/articles/2014-jun/essential-oils|website=www.poison.org|language=en|url-status=live|archive-date=2017-07-08|access-date=2017-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708190814/http://www.poison.org/articles/2014-jun/essential-oils}}</ref>
The company and its representatives have repeatedly come under fire for misleading claims that their products could help prevent or cure diseases such as [[cancer]], [[autism]], [[Ebola]] and more recently, [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]], even being the target of a warning from the [[Food and Drug Administration]] and the [[Federal Trade Commission]].<ref name=WaPo092414 /><ref name="NYer_090917">{{cite news|last1=Monroe|first1=Rachel|title=How Essential Oils Became the Cure for Our Age of Anxiety|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/10/09/how-essential-oils-became-the-cure-for-our-age-of-anxiety|access-date=February 26, 2018|work=[[New Yorker (magazine)|New Yorker]]|date=October 9, 2017|archive-date=March 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303111338/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/10/09/how-essential-oils-became-the-cure-for-our-age-of-anxiety|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="MJ022318">{{cite news|last1=Butler|first1=Kiera|title=How Multilevel Marketing Companies Got the Autism Community Hooked on Essential Oils|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/02/doterra-young-living-multilevel-marketing-companies-got-autism-community-hooked-essential-oils/|access-date=February 26, 2018|work=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]|date=February 23, 2018|archive-date=February 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227035617/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/02/doterra-young-living-multilevel-marketing-companies-got-autism-community-hooked-essential-oils/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=warning/> The assertion that [[aromatherapy]] can have curative properties beyond relaxation is not supported by the company.<ref name="ReferenceD">{{cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=Myeong Soo|last2=Choi|first2=Jiae Choi|title=Aromatherapy for health care: an overview of systematic reviews|journal=Maturitas|date=2012|volume=3|issue=71|pages=257–260|doi=10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.12.018|pmid=22285469}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceE">{{cite journal |doi=10.3233/JRS-2012-0568 |pmid=22936057 |year=2012 |last1=Posadzki |first1=P |title=Adverse effects of aromatherapy: A systematic review of case reports and case series |journal=The International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=147–61 |last2=Alotaibi |first2=A |last3=Ernst |first3=E}}</ref><ref name="poison.org">{{Cite web|title=Essential Oils: Poisonous when Misused|url=https://www.poison.org/articles/2014-jun/essential-oils|website=www.poison.org|language=en|url-status=live|archive-date=2017-07-08|access-date=2017-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708190814/http://www.poison.org/articles/2014-jun/essential-oils}}</ref>

Revision as of 17:51, 23 August 2023

doTerra
Company typePrivate
IndustryMulti-level marketing[1][2]
Founded2008 (2008)
FoundersDavid Stirling, Mark A. Wolfert, Corey B. Lindley, Dr. David K. Hill, Emily Wright, Gregory P. Cook, Robert J. Young
Headquarters
Pleasant Grove, Utah
,
United States
Area served
International
Key people
Corey Lindley, CEO
Emily Wright, President[3]
ProductsEssential oils, skin care, nutrition, health and beauty
Number of employees
4,461 (2022)[4]
Websitewww.doterra.com Edit this at Wikidata

doTerra (styled dōTERRA) is a multi-level marketing[1][2] company based in Pleasant Grove, Utah that sells essential oils and other related products. doTerra was founded in 2008 by former executives of Young Living and others.[5] The company's products are sold through independent distributors called Wellness Advocates, using a multi-level marketing model to sell its products. Distributor are eligible to receive commissions based on their own sales and the sales of others in their organization.[5]

The company and its representatives have repeatedly come under fire for misleading claims that their products could help prevent or cure diseases such as cancer, autism, Ebola and more recently, COVID-19, even being the target of a warning from the Food and Drug Administration and the Federal Trade Commission.[6][5][7][8] The assertion that aromatherapy can have curative properties beyond relaxation is not supported by the company.[9][10][11]

History

doTerra kit

The company was established in April 2008 by David Stirling, Emily Wright, David Hill, Corey B. Lindley, Gregory P. Cook, Robert J. Young, and Mark A. Wolfert. Stirling, Wright, and Hill were former executives of Young Living, a company that also sells essential oils via multi-level marketing.[5] Its name is inspired by the Latin phrase for "gift of the Earth." The company initially launched with 25 single oils and ten oil blends.[12]

In August 2013, Young Living filed suit against doTerra for theft of trade secrets, alleging that the company had re-created their production process illegally.[13][14] During the lawsuit between the two companies, Young Living produced an analysis of doTerra products that suggested the company was using synthetic chemicals in their "organic" products.[15] Testimony was given that the oils, which were tested by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, did not match any oils sold by doTerra.[16] As of 2013, doTerra reported having about 450 corporate employees, 350 at the Utah headquarters, and 100 at offices in Taiwan, Japan, Europe, and Australia. Later, the company announced that it would build a new headquarters in Pleasant Grove, Utah.[17] In 2014, the company was selling over 150 products such as supplements, personal care items, and essential oils.[18]

In October 2014, the Fourth District Court dismissed the claims made against doTerra; the companies also settled lawsuits regarding faked lab tests, false advertising, and theft of trade secrets and withdrew their negative claims in relation to the purity of each other's products.[1]

doTerra citrus bliss hand lotion

In 2015, the number of "Wellness Advocates" joining the company grew by more than 120 percent.[19] By year-end 2015, the company claimed that it had generated more than $1 billion in sales.[5] In April 2016, doTerra sent letters to distributors advising them that a breach in a system where personal information was stored had occurred in March 2016. Personal information potentially acquired in the breach included: names, dates of birth, social security numbers, addresses, telephone numbers, email addresses, debit and credit card numbers, usernames, and passwords. The company explained that a third-party vendor was at fault. To compensate, the company offered 24 months of credit monitoring through AllClear, a credit monitoring company.[20][21][22][23]

As of 2017, doTerra reported having approximately 1,650 corporate employees and over 3 million Wellness Advocates across 100 countries.[24][25]

In July 2018, the court ruled that Young Living acted in bad faith and had misled the court, thus the judge ordered Young Living to cover doTerra's attorney costs.[26] In 2021, doTerra recalled 1.3 million bottles of its oils due to the lack of child resistant packaging.[27] In April 2022, doTerra entered into a $5 million agreement with the University of Mississippi to research essential oils.[28]

Distributor claims

On September 22, 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued an FDA Warning Letter to doTerra for its distributors marketing products as possible treatments or cures for Ebola, cancer, autism, and other conditions in violation of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.[6][29][30][31] Federal agents conducted an investigation of doTerra's files.[5]

Some distributors have promoted the company's products for air purification and protection against the health effects of smoke from the California wildfires.[32] It was alleged in 2018 that some distributors had offered personal stories to customers claiming that their child had benefited from essential oils.[7][5]

In 2020, some doTerra distributors attempted to benefit from public concern regarding COVID-19 by claiming that the company's products have immune-boosting properties, despite no scientific evidence to support such claims.[33][34] The Federal Trade Commission warned the company it must stop making such unfounded health claims and exaggerated earnings by its distributors.[8]

More than a dozen women working for doTerra’s frankincense supplier, a Somaliland company called Asli Maydi, reported poor pay, sexual abuse and unhealthy work conditions. According to the Fuller Project, the abuse continued for years after victims contacted doTerra.[35] The company suspended its operations in Somaliland and launched an independent investigation into the allegations.[36]

In 2023, the U.S. Department of Justice, on behalf of the Federal Trade Commission, won lawsuits against three high-level doTERRA distributors for making claims that the company’s essential oils and dietary supplements could treat, prevent, or cure COVID-19, in violation of the FTC Act and the COVID-19 Consumer Protection Act. According to the court order, the defendants—Eliza Johnson Bacot, a nurse practitioner and doTERRA Diamond level distributor; Lauren Busch, a former registered nurse and doTERRA Diamond level distributor; and Dr. Tina Wong, a California pediatrician and doTERRA Blue Diamond level distributor— were prohibited from making further claims that DoTerra products can prevent, cure, or treat without Food and Drug Administration approval; ordered to provide reliable human clinical testing to support claims about other diseases; prohibited from mispresenting that the product’s benefits are scientifically or clinically proven; and were required to pay a $15,000 civil penalty.[37]

Projects

doTerra Healing Hands Foundation

The doTerra Healing Hands Foundation is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization established by doTerra in 2012.[38] In 2016, the foundation partnered with the non-profit organization Choice Humanitarian to send staff and distributors to Nepal and Guatemala to install vented brick stoves for families.[39]

In 2017, the doTerra Healing Hands organization began collecting donations from its distributors in the wake of Hurricane Harvey to cover the costs of providing relief packs containing samples of the company's products to evacuees in Dallas. In October 2017, Pacific Standard reported that after collecting donations, doTerra did not deliver the shipments, allegedly due to weather conditions, and described the incident as "a modern example of malfeasance masquerading as altruism—a type of scam often found in multi-level marketing organizations." In an update to their report in March 2018, Pacific Standard noted that doTerra did eventually send shipments of doTerra hygiene packs to residents in Houston.[40]

Kealakekua Mountain Reserve

In 2018, the company purchased $7.3 million of land in the Kealakekua Mountain Reserve to source its sandalwood on Hawaii's Big Island. doTerra announced a 10-year plan to use dead sandalwood for its essential oil production while keeping 75 percent of the land forested. It built a nursery on the reserve to grow saplings and protect from tree-killing species. doTerra has planted 300,000 native trees and claims it will plant more than 1 million by 2030.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b c Harvey, Tom (October 23, 2014). "Judge dismisses much of lawsuit between rival Utah 'oils' companies". The Salt Lake tribune. Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  2. ^ a b Miers, Claire (April 8, 2015). "Essential oils a booming business". Star-Telegram. Archived from the original on July 23, 2015. Retrieved July 22, 2015.
  3. ^ "doTERRA Announces New Executive Leadership". 21 December 2021.
  4. ^ a b Paula Dobbyn (23 May 2022). "How A Wellness Company Is Saving Sandalwood On The Big Island". Honolulu Civil Beat.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Monroe, Rachel (October 9, 2017). "How Essential Oils Became the Cure for Our Age of Anxiety". New Yorker. Archived from the original on March 3, 2019. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
  6. ^ a b Ohlheiser, Abby (24 September 2014). "FDA warns three companies against marketing their products as Ebola treatments or cures". Washington Post. Archived from the original on 25 September 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  7. ^ a b Butler, Kiera (February 23, 2018). "How Multilevel Marketing Companies Got the Autism Community Hooked on Essential Oils". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on February 27, 2018. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
  8. ^ a b Graham, Megan (April 27, 2020). "FTC warns multilevel marketing company sellers about coronavirus health and earnings claims". CNBC. Archived from the original on May 22, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  9. ^ Lee, Myeong Soo; Choi, Jiae Choi (2012). "Aromatherapy for health care: an overview of systematic reviews". Maturitas. 3 (71): 257–260. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.12.018. PMID 22285469.
  10. ^ Posadzki, P; Alotaibi, A; Ernst, E (2012). "Adverse effects of aromatherapy: A systematic review of case reports and case series". The International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine. 24 (3): 147–61. doi:10.3233/JRS-2012-0568. PMID 22936057.
  11. ^ "Essential Oils: Poisonous when Misused". www.poison.org. Archived from the original on 2017-07-08. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
  12. ^ Guinness, Meredith (11 January 2016). "Stratford Woman Teams With Sister-In-Law In Essential Oil Business". Stratford Daily Voice. Archived from the original on 2018-11-11. Retrieved 2018-11-11.
  13. ^ Harvey, Tom (1 August 2013). "Essential oils rivalry spills into Utah courts". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
  14. ^ "Young Living Essential Oils, LC (Plaintiff) v. doTERRA, Inc., et al. (Defendants)" (PDF). United States District Court for the District of Utah Central Division. July 18, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 23, 2014. Retrieved 2014-08-20.
  15. ^ Keeson, Arvid (15 August 2014). "Damning Evidence That Young Living and DoTERRA's Essential Oils are Adulterated". Utah Stories. Archived from the original on 29 August 2014. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
  16. ^ Markosian, Richard (21 August 2014). "Report Used in Young Living Farms Case Against DoTERRA Suspect". Utah Stories. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
  17. ^ Allred, Cathy. "doTERRA to bring 330 new jobs to Utah County (press release)". Daily Herald. No. February 17, 2013. Provo, Utah. Archived from the original on 7 March 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  18. ^ "doTerra Oils - Making Soap Naturally". 2019-02-02. Retrieved 2022-06-16.
  19. ^ "doTerra Hit $100 Million Per Month". 15 June 2016. Archived from the original on 2018-07-04. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  20. ^ Davis, Jeremy Seth (April 19, 2016). "DōTERRA breach exposes customer info; including SS, DOB, and addresses". SC Media. Archived from the original on September 29, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  21. ^ Associated Press (April 27, 2016). "Utah essential oil company announces third-party data breach". Seattle Times. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  22. ^ Romero, McKenzie (April 25, 2016). "doTERRA letter informs customers of possible data breach". Deseret News. Archived from the original on September 29, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  23. ^ "Letter from Hunton & Williams Law Firm (on Behalf of DoTerra) to the Office of the New Hampshire Attorney General" (PDF). State of New Hampshire Department of Justice. April 21, 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 8, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  24. ^ "doTERRA on the Forbes America's Best Midsize Employers List". Forbes. Archived from the original on 2018-05-14. Retrieved 2018-05-13.
  25. ^ Flagler, Doug (8 September 2017). "doTerra YOU Global Convention". Fox 13 Salt Lake City. Archived from the original on 2019-01-01. Retrieved 2018-12-31.
  26. ^ Stilson, Ashley. (July 16, 2018). "Young Living to pay $1.8M for Doterra attorney fees after lengthy court battle Archived 2018-07-17 at the Wayback Machine", Daily Herald . Retrieved February 7, 2019.
  27. ^ "Recall alert: dōTERRA recalls 1.3 million bottles of essential oils amid poisoning risk". KIRO 7 News Seattle. 2021-04-07. Archived from the original on 2022-01-04. Retrieved 2022-01-04.
  28. ^ Minta, Molly (2022-04-12). "Ole Miss strikes $5 million research deal with company warned for claiming essential oils can cure COVID". Mississippi Today. Retrieved 2022-06-08.
  29. ^ Vowell, Nicole (September 25, 2014). "2 Utah companies respond to FDA warning over health claims". Deseret News. Archived from the original on 6 November 2014. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
  30. ^ Mitchell, LaTonya M (22 September 2014). "Warning letter to dōTERRA International, LLC". US Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Service. Archived from the original on 20 November 2014. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  31. ^ Papple, Dawn. (September 25, 2014) "FDA Warning Letters: Young Living, dōTERRA Consultants Must Cease Marketing Claims That Essential Oils Fight Disease Archived 2019-03-31 at the Wayback Machine", Inquisitr. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
  32. ^ Butler, Kiera (October 14, 2017). "No, "Essential Oils" Will Not Clear the California Fire Smoke Out of Your Air". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on October 26, 2017. Retrieved October 26, 2017.
  33. ^ Graham, Megan (March 13, 2020). "Multilevel marketing sellers are using coronavirus to push oil and vitamin sales on Facebook". CNBC. Archived from the original on March 20, 2020. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  34. ^ Stevens, Ashlie D (March 17, 2020). "How essential oil sellers are trying to profit off COVID-19 fears". Salon. Archived from the original on March 20, 2020. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  35. ^ Fobar, Rachel (7 January 2023). "Somaliland's frankincense brings gold to companies. Its women pay the price". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  36. ^ Statement
  37. ^ "FTC Takes Action Against doTERRA Distributors for False COVID-19 Health Claims". Federal Trade Commission. Retrieved August 23, 2023.
  38. ^ "doTerra Healing Hands Foundation". 9 May 2013. Archived from the original on 2018-12-10. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  39. ^ Neely, Karissa (19 May 2016). "doTerra Employees Install Stoves in Guatemala, Nepal". Daily Herald. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  40. ^ Marini Higgs, Micaela (October 6, 2017). "After a natural disaster, some multi-level marketers profit handsomely off relief efforts". Pacific Standard. Archived from the original on July 18, 2018. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
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