Jump to content

Europa TV: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
No edit summary
Line 6: Line 6:
| logo_alt =
| logo_alt =
| image =
| image =
| launch_date = October 5, 1985
| launch_date = 5 October 1985
| closed_date = November 29, 1986
| closed_date = 29 November 1986
| language = {{hlist|[[English language|English]]|[[Dutch language|Dutch]]|[[German language|German]]|[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]}}
| language = {{hlist|[[English language|English]]|[[Dutch language|Dutch]]|[[German language|German]]|[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]}}
| picture_format = [[Fullscreen (aspect ratio)|4:3]] [[PAL]]
| picture_format = [[Fullscreen (aspect ratio)|4:3]] [[PAL]]
Line 23: Line 23:
Europa TV aspired to be [[Pan-European identity|pan-European]] not only with regard to its geographical reach but also its programming content.<ref name=":0" /> It came after the Eurikon experiment in 1982,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Baisn |first1=Olivier |url=https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00665816/file/Producing_European_News.pdf |title=Producing "European" News - Case of the Pan-European News Channel Euronews |last2=Marchetti |first2=Dominique |publisher=University of Delhi |year=2010 |pages=4}}</ref> that consisted on the production of an experimental television service which over a period of five weeks,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-13 |title=Europa TV |url=http://www.telenostalgie.de/tv/px/europa.html |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=telenostalgie.de - Fernsehen von gestern …|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313001223/http://www.telenostalgie.de/tv/px/europa.html |archive-date=2014-03-13 }}</ref> was distributed in [[Closed-circuit television|closed-circuit]] format.
Europa TV aspired to be [[Pan-European identity|pan-European]] not only with regard to its geographical reach but also its programming content.<ref name=":0" /> It came after the Eurikon experiment in 1982,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Baisn |first1=Olivier |url=https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00665816/file/Producing_European_News.pdf |title=Producing "European" News - Case of the Pan-European News Channel Euronews |last2=Marchetti |first2=Dominique |publisher=University of Delhi |year=2010 |pages=4}}</ref> that consisted on the production of an experimental television service which over a period of five weeks,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-13 |title=Europa TV |url=http://www.telenostalgie.de/tv/px/europa.html |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=telenostalgie.de - Fernsehen von gestern …|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313001223/http://www.telenostalgie.de/tv/px/europa.html |archive-date=2014-03-13 }}</ref> was distributed in [[Closed-circuit television|closed-circuit]] format.


The channel was financed through contributions from the Dutch government, the [[European Commission]], the participating broadcast organizations and through [[advertising revenue]]s<ref name=":1" /> within its initial three-year [[budget]] was 30 million [[European Currency Unit|ECUs]].
The channel was financed through contributions from the Dutch government, the [[European Commission]], the participating broadcast organizations and through [[advertising revenue]]s<ref name=":1" /> within its initial three-year [[budget]] was 30 million [[European Currency Unit|ECUs]]. Europa TV studios were located in [[Hilversum]] in the Netherlands, and Klaas Jan Hindriks was appointed as general manager.<ref name=":1" />

Europa TV studios were located in [[Hilversum]] in the Netherlands, and Klaas Jan Hindriks was appointed as general manager.<ref name=":1" />


===Operation===
===Operation===
Line 32: Line 30:
To overcome language barriers, Europa TV transmitted on several sound channels within facilities for [[Simultaneous interpretation|simultaneous translation]] (in [[English language|English]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[German language|German]] and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]) enabled audiences to receive the channel in their native tongue.<ref name=":0" /> In addition, subtitling in different languages was provided through [[World System Teletext|teletext]].
To overcome language barriers, Europa TV transmitted on several sound channels within facilities for [[Simultaneous interpretation|simultaneous translation]] (in [[English language|English]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[German language|German]] and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]) enabled audiences to receive the channel in their native tongue.<ref name=":0" /> In addition, subtitling in different languages was provided through [[World System Teletext|teletext]].


All of the cooperating broadcasters sent in their programs to Europa TV, but some were produced especially for the channel.<ref name=":0" /> These included weather forecast (covering EEC countries, Norway, Sweden and Finland but excluding East Germany), current affairs (ex: ''Worldwatch'') and music programs (ex: ''Countdown'', presented by [[Adam Curry]]).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
All of the co-operating broadcasters sent in their programmes to Europa TV, but some were produced especially for the channel.<ref name=":0" /> These included [[Weather forecasting|weather forecasts]] (covering [[European Economic Community|EEC]] countries such as [[Norway]], [[Sweden]] and [[Finland]] but excluding [[East Germany]]), current affairs (ex: ''Worldwatch'') and music programmes (ex: ''Countdown'', presented by [[Adam Curry]]).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />


===Closure===
===Closure===
On 29 November 1986, it was forced to cease operations having already exhausted its initial three-year budget.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1986 |title=EUROPA TV FALLS VICTIM TO DEBT, INSUFFICIENT ADS |url=https://articles.latimes.com/1986-11-29/entertainment/ca-16059_1_europa-tv |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref name="cjc-online1"/><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Collins |first=Richard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kSB0rip4f74C&dq=%22Europa+TV%22+consortium+-wiki&pg=PA114 |title=From Satellite to Single Market: New Communication Technology and European Public Service Television |date=2005-08-10 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-68128-0 |pages=114 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1987 |title=Echec d'Europa TV - Sénat |url=https://www.senat.fr/questions/base/1987/qSEQ870405873.html |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=www.senat.fr}}</ref>
On 29 November 1986, it was forced to cease operations having already exhausted its initial three-year budget.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1986 |title=EUROPA TV FALLS VICTIM TO DEBT, INSUFFICIENT ADS |url=https://articles.latimes.com/1986-11-29/entertainment/ca-16059_1_europa-tv |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref name="cjc-online1"/><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Collins |first=Richard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kSB0rip4f74C&dq=%22Europa+TV%22+consortium+-wiki&pg=PA114 |title=From Satellite to Single Market: New Communication Technology and European Public Service Television |date=2005-08-10 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-68128-0 |pages=114 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1987 |title=Echec d'Europa TV - Sénat |url=https://www.senat.fr/questions/base/1987/qSEQ870405873.html |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=www.senat.fr}}</ref>


== Preservation ==
==Preservation==
The [[Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision]] started ongoing preservation efforts of Europa TV broadcasts in 2018,<ref name=":0" /> recovering recordings from about three hundred [[VHS]] tapes from their own archives, four hundred [[Betamax]] tapes from RTP and documents from RTE, RAI and Klaas Jan Hindriks.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Saskia Cluistra awarded Media Studies Grant from FIAT/IFTA |url=https://www.eur.nl/en/eshcc/news/saskia-cluistra-awarded-media-studies-grant-fiatifta |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication |language=en}}</ref>
The [[Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision]] started ongoing preservation efforts of Europa TV broadcasts on 29 August 2018,<ref name=":0" /> recovering recordings from about 300 [[VHS]] tapes from their own archives, 400 [[Betamax]] tapes from [[RTP]] and documents from [[RTÉ]], [[RAI]] and Klaas Jan Hindriks.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Saskia Cluistra awarded Media Studies Grant from FIAT/IFTA |url=https://www.eur.nl/en/eshcc/news/saskia-cluistra-awarded-media-studies-grant-fiatifta |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication |language=en}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 09:53, 7 September 2023

Europa TV
Country
Broadcast areaEurope
Stations
TransmittersECS-1 satellite; cable; terrestrial network (Portugal)
Programming
Language(s)
Picture format4:3 PAL
Ownership
OwnerConsortium (ARD, RTÉ, RAI, NOS and RTP)
History
Launched5 October 1985
Closed29 November 1986

Europa TV was a consortium of five European public service broadcasters from West Germany (ARD), Ireland (RTÉ), Italy (RAI), the Netherlands (NOS) and Portugal (RTP).[1][2][3][4][5][6]

History

Development

Europa TV aspired to be pan-European not only with regard to its geographical reach but also its programming content.[3] It came after the Eurikon experiment in 1982,[3][6][7] that consisted on the production of an experimental television service which over a period of five weeks,[8] was distributed in closed-circuit format.

The channel was financed through contributions from the Dutch government, the European Commission, the participating broadcast organizations and through advertising revenues[6] within its initial three-year budget was 30 million ECUs. Europa TV studios were located in Hilversum in the Netherlands, and Klaas Jan Hindriks was appointed as general manager.[6]

Operation

Europa TV started its transmissions on 5 October 1985[9][3] and initially only available in the Netherlands,[10] which expanded its reach to 4.5 million households across Europe via ESA and Eutelsat's ECS-1 satellite. This included access to 1.5 million households in Portugal where it was transmitted terrestrially on RTP2 (in other countries the signal was also distributed by cable).[11][12]

To overcome language barriers, Europa TV transmitted on several sound channels within facilities for simultaneous translation (in English, Dutch, German and Portuguese) enabled audiences to receive the channel in their native tongue.[3] In addition, subtitling in different languages was provided through teletext.

All of the co-operating broadcasters sent in their programmes to Europa TV, but some were produced especially for the channel.[3] These included weather forecasts (covering EEC countries such as Norway, Sweden and Finland but excluding East Germany), current affairs (ex: Worldwatch) and music programmes (ex: Countdown, presented by Adam Curry).[3][6]

Closure

On 29 November 1986, it was forced to cease operations having already exhausted its initial three-year budget.[13][2][9][3][14][15]

Preservation

The Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision started ongoing preservation efforts of Europa TV broadcasts on 29 August 2018,[3] recovering recordings from about 300 VHS tapes from their own archives, 400 Betamax tapes from RTP and documents from RTÉ, RAI and Klaas Jan Hindriks.[6][16]

See also

References

  1. ^ "STATEMENT BY MR CARLO RIPA DI MEANA ON EUROPA-TV". European Commission. 27 November 1986.
  2. ^ a b Theiler, Tobias (1999). "Viewers into Europeans?: How the European Union Tried to Europeanize the Audiovisual Sector, and Why it Failed". Canadian Journal of Communication. 24 (4): 1–30. doi:10.22230/cjc.1999v24n4a1126. hdl:10197/11973.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Smeets, Charley; Stapper, Marloes (2018-08-29). "Europa TV: The early experiment of a European channel". EUscreen. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  4. ^ Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos (1990). "Towards European Television: The Case of Europa-TV". Media Information Australia. 56 (1): 57–63. doi:10.1177/1329878X9005600115. ISSN 0312-9616. S2CID 155441979.
  5. ^ Sandoz, Marie (October 2018). "Europa TV, 1985: Les essais précoces d'une télévision européenne". Au-delà du service public (in French). Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Agterberg, Bas (2018-11-21). "Europa TV: the European Broadcasting Dream". EUscreen. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  7. ^ Baisn, Olivier; Marchetti, Dominique (2010). Producing "European" News - Case of the Pan-European News Channel Euronews (PDF). University of Delhi. p. 4.
  8. ^ "Europa TV". telenostalgie.de - Fernsehen von gestern …. 2014-03-13. Archived from the original on 2014-03-13. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  9. ^ a b Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Last transmission EUROPA-TV (29 november 1986). YouTube.
  10. ^ Union (EBU), European Broadcasting (2012-07-11). "Tributes flow following the loss of former EBU Vice-President". www.ebu.ch. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  11. ^ "Europa TV • RTP2 • 05/05/1986" – via www.youtube.com.
  12. ^ "Time travel - RTP Virtual Museum". museu.rtp.pt. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  13. ^ "EUROPA TV FALLS VICTIM TO DEBT, INSUFFICIENT ADS". Los Angeles Times. 1986.
  14. ^ Collins, Richard (2005-08-10). From Satellite to Single Market: New Communication Technology and European Public Service Television. Routledge. p. 114. ISBN 978-1-134-68128-0.
  15. ^ "Echec d'Europa TV - Sénat". www.senat.fr. 1987. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  16. ^ "Saskia Cluistra awarded Media Studies Grant from FIAT/IFTA". Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Europa_TV&oldid=1174262318"