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{{short description|North Indian Ocean cyclone in 2020}}
{{Short description|2023 North Indian Ocean Cyclone}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
<!--North Indian refers to the cyclone basin, not a region of the country-->
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox weather event
{{Infobox weather event
| name = Super Cyclonic Storm Amphan
| name = Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej
| image = Amphan 2020-05-18 0745Z.jpg
| image = Tej 2023-10-22 0625Z.jpg
| caption = Amphan near peak intensity over the [[Bay of Bengal]] on 18 May
| caption = Cyclone Tej at its peak intensity off the coast of [[Socotra]] early on October 22
| formed = 16 May 2020
| formed = October 20, 2023
| low =
| dissipated = 21 May 2020
| dissipated = October 24, 2023
}}{{Infobox weather event/IMD
}}{{Infobox weather event/IMD
| winds = 95
| winds = 130 <!--Several IMD advisores mentioned sustained winds of "240-260" km/h.-->
| pressure = 920
| gusts = 110
| pressure = 959
}}{{Infobox weather event/JTWC
}}{{Infobox weather event/JTWC
| winds = 110
| winds = 145 <!--Back to 145kts again per JTWC's best track data that was released yesterday-->
| pressure = 901
| gusts = 125
| pressure = 956
}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects
}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects
| fatalities = 2
| year= 2020
| missing = Unknown
| damage-suffix = <!-- West Bengal alone --><br>([[List of costliest tropical cyclones|Costliest on record]] in the North Indian Ocean)
| damage = 13700000000
| year = 2023
| damagespre =
| fatalities = 128 total
| damages = Unknown
| areas = [[India]] ([[West Bengal]], [[Odisha]], [[Andaman Islands]]), [[Bangladesh]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Bhutan]], [[Myanmar]], [[Thailand]]}} {{Infobox weather event/Footer
| areas = [[Socotra]], [[Yemen]], [[Oman]], [[Saudi Arabia]]
| season = [[2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
| refs =
}}
}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer
'''Super Cyclonic Storm Amphan''' was an extremely powerful and catastrophic [[tropical cyclone]] that caused widespread damage in [[Eastern India]], specifically in [[West Bengal]] and [[Odisha]], and in [[Bangladesh]], in May 2020. It was the strongest tropical cyclone to strike the [[Ganges Delta]]. It was also the fourth super cyclone that hit [[West Bengal]] and [[Kolkata]] since 2015 as well as being one of the strongest storms to impact the area.<ref>1. Kumar S, Lal P, Kumar A. Influence of Super Cyclone “Amphan” in the Indian Subcontinent amid COVID-19 Pandemic. Remote SeSyst Sci [Internet]. 2021 Jun 12 [cited 2021 Jun 13]; Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41976-021-00048-z
| season = [[2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
</ref><ref name="strongest">{{Cite news|title=Amphan: Cyclone wreaks deadly havoc in India and Bangladesh|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-52734259|date=20 May 2020|work=BBC News|access-date=20 May 2020}}</ref><ref>*{{Cite news|title=Super Cyclonic Storm #Amphan is the 1st SUCS in the Bay of Bengal since the 1999 Odisha Super Cyclone|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/amphan-transforming-into-super-cyclone-first-after-deadly-1999-super-cyclone-in-bay-of-bengal/story-12vMmByNipIQwibsJwHJIO.html|first1=Jayashree|last1=Nandi|first2=Joydeep|last2=Thakur|date=18 May 2020|work=Hindustan Times|access-date=19 May 2020|archive-date=18 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518232122/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/amphan-transforming-into-super-cyclone-first-after-deadly-1999-super-cyclone-in-bay-of-bengal/story-12vMmByNipIQwibsJwHJIO.html|url-status=live}}
}}
*{{Cite news|title=Cyclone 'Amphan' LIVE updates: Second super cyclone after 1999, moving with wind speed of 200-250 kmph, says IMD|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-cyclone-amphan-live-updates-second-super-cyclone-after-1999-moving-with-wind-speed-of-200-240-kmph-says-imd-2825274|first=Joydeep|last=Bose|date=19 May 2020|publisher=DNA India|access-date=19 May 2020|archive-date=23 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523175416/https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-cyclone-amphan-live-updates-second-super-cyclone-after-1999-moving-with-wind-speed-of-200-240-kmph-says-imd-2825274|url-status=live}}</ref> Causing over US$13&nbsp;billion of damage, Amphan is also the costliest cyclone ever recorded in the [[North Indian Ocean]], surpassing the record held by [[Cyclone Nargis]] of 2008.<ref name="Billion_damage">{{Cite news|last1=Sud|first1=Vedika|last2=Rajaram|first2=Prema|title=Cyclone Amphan caused an estimated $13.2 billion in damage in India's West Bengal: government source|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/05/22/weather/cyclone-amphan-damage-intl-hnk/index.html|date=22 May 2020|publisher=CNN|access-date=22 May 2020}}</ref>
'''Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej''' is a [[tropical cyclone]] that formed over the central-south [[Arabian Sea]] and made landfall on [[Socotra]] and [[Yemen]]. It was the first cyclone to make landfall in the nation since [[Cyclone Luban]] of 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://weather.com/en-IN/india/news/news/2023-10-20-cyclone-tej-to-intensify-into-a-severe-cyclonic-storm-this-weekend|title=Cyclone Tej to Intensify Into a Severe Cyclonic Storm This Weekend! &#124; Weather.com|website=The Weather Channel|access-date=2023-10-22|archive-date=2023-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022141124/https://weather.com/en-IN/india/news/news/2023-10-20-cyclone-tej-to-intensify-into-a-severe-cyclonic-storm-this-weekend|url-status=live}}</ref> The sixth depression and the third named cyclonic storm of the [[2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season|season]],<ref>{{cite web |title=The Emergence of Tropical Cyclone 'Tej' in the Arabian Sea |url=https://watchers.news/2019/11/20/tropical-storm-fung-wong-sarah-forms-east-of-the-philippines/#:~:text=A%20Low%20Pressure%20Area%20%28LPA%29%20inside%20the%20Philippine,Fung-Wong.%20The%20system%20is%20moving%20toward%20Northern%20Luzon. |access-date=October 21, 2023 |website=BNN Breaking | date=20 November 2019 |archive-date=July 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725134313/https://watchers.news/2019/11/20/tropical-storm-fung-wong-sarah-forms-east-of-the-philippines/#:~:text=A%20Low%20Pressure%20Area%20%28LPA%29%20inside%20the%20Philippine,Fung-Wong.%20The%20system%20is%20moving%20toward%20Northern%20Luzon. |url-status=live }}</ref> Tej formed along with [[Cyclone Hamoon]], a rare phenomenon in the Arabian Sea and [[Bay of Bengal]] in which they both experience cyclonic storms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cyclone Tej And Hamoon: Rare Twin Storms Brewing Near India |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cyclone-tej-and-hamoon-rare-twin-storms-brewing-near-india-4507162 |access-date=2023-10-23 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024232806/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cyclone-tej-and-hamoon-rare-twin-storms-brewing-near-india-4507162 |url-status=live }}</ref> The cyclone then took a west-northwestward track in the Arabian Sea and made [[landfall]] in [[Al Mahrah Governorate]] of Yemen between 23 and {{Date|Oct 24, 2023}}, bringing significant rainfall and flooding across the eastern half of the country and western parts of [[Oman]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/yemen/yemen-flash-update-1-cyclone-tej-24-october-2023 |title=Yemen: Flash Update #1 - Cyclone Tej, 24 October 2023 &#91;EN/AR&#93; - Yemen &#124; ReliefWeb |date=25 October 2023 |access-date=2023-10-25 |archive-date=2023-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027000922/https://reliefweb.int/report/yemen/yemen-flash-update-1-cyclone-tej-24-october-2023-enar |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-23 |title=Weather tracker: Tropical Cyclone Tej approaches Yemen |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/23/weather-tracker-tropical-cyclone-tej-approaches-yemen |access-date=2023-10-23 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=2023-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023082538/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/23/weather-tracker-tropical-cyclone-tej-approaches-yemen |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/cyclone-tej-landfall-yemen-oman-october-25-101697893899084.html|title=Cyclone 'Tej' likely to make landfall between Yemen & Oman on Oct 25|date=October 21, 2023|website=Hindustan Times|access-date=October 22, 2023|archive-date=October 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022063900/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/cyclone-tej-landfall-yemen-oman-october-25-101697893899084.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://crisis24.garda.com/alerts/2023/10/arabian-sea-severe-cyclonic-storm-tej-tracking-west-northwestward-towards-yemen-as-of-oct-21-update-1|title=Arabian Sea: Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej tracking west-northwestward towards Yemen as of Oct. 21 /update 1|website=Arabian Sea: Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej tracking west-northwestward towards Yemen as of Oct. 21 /update 1 &#124; Crisis24|access-date=2023-10-22|archive-date=2023-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022141126/https://crisis24.garda.com/alerts/2023/10/arabian-sea-severe-cyclonic-storm-tej-tracking-west-northwestward-towards-yemen-as-of-oct-21-update-1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-23 |title=Tropical Cyclone Tej |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/151980/tropical-cyclone-tej |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024020903/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/151980/tropical-cyclone-tej |url-status=live }}</ref>

The first tropical cyclone of the [[2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]], Amphan originated from a [[low-pressure area]] persisting a couple of hundred miles (300&nbsp;km) east of [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]], on 13 May 2020. Tracking northeastward, the disturbance organized over exceptionally warm [[sea surface temperatures]]; the [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] (JTWC) upgraded the system to a tropical depression on 15 May while the [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD) followed suit the following day. On 17 May, Amphan underwent [[rapid intensification]] and became an extremely severe cyclonic storm within 12 hours.

On 18 May, at approximately 12:00 [[UTC]], Amphan reached its peak intensity with 3-minute sustained wind speeds of {{convert|240|kph||abbr=on}}, 1-minute sustained wind speeds of {{convert|270|kph||abbr=on}}, and a minimum [[Central pressure|central barometric pressure]] of {{convert|920|mbar|inHg|abbr=on|sigfig=4|comma=off}}. The storm began an [[eyewall replacement cycle]] shortly after it reached its peak intensity, but the continued effects of dry air and [[wind shear]] disrupted this process and caused Amphan to gradually weaken as it paralleled the eastern coastline of India. On 20 May,12:00 UTC, the cyclone made [[landfall]] in [[West Bengal]]. At the time, the JTWC estimated Amphan's 1-minute sustained winds to be {{convert|175|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}. Amphan rapidly weakened once inland and dissipated shortly thereafter.

Coastal areas in [[West Bengal]] comprising [[West Midnapore]], [[East Midnapore]], [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]], [[South 24 Parganas]], [[Kolkata]], [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]] and [[Howrah district|Howrah]] were heavily affected by the cyclone. It also caused significant destruction in [[Bangladesh]]. It created havoc in the metro city of Kolkata.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-05-21|title=Cyclone devastates Kolkata and leaves scores dead|publisher=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52749935|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref>


==Meteorological history==
==Meteorological history==
{{storm path|Amphan 2020 track.png}}
{{Storm path|Tej 2023 path.png|colors=new|align=left}}
On October 16, the [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD) began monitoring the potential for the formation of [[Cyclone|cyclonic]] [[Atmospheric circulation|circulation]] in the [[Arabian Sea]].<ref name=":0" /> In Arabian Sea, the relatively high [[sea surface temperature]], pointing to positive [[Indian Ocean Dipole]], created the favourable conditions for [[tropical cyclogenesis]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kallungal |first=Dhinesh |date=2023-10-16 |title=First post-monsoon cyclone of 2023 brewing over Arabian Sea |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/first-post-monsoon-cyclone-of-the-year-brewing-over-arabian-sea/article67427352.ece |access-date=2023-10-18 |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=2023-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017181131/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/first-post-monsoon-cyclone-of-the-year-brewing-over-arabian-sea/article67427352.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> A cyclonic circulation formed over the Arabian Sea on the 16th October.<ref name=":0">{{cite report |url=https://rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/uploads/archive/2/2_3915d3_TROPICAL%20WEATHER%20OUTLOOK%20based%20on%200300%20UTC%20of%2017.10.2023.pdf |title=Tropical Weather Outlook For North Indian Ocean (The Bay Of Bengal and the Arabian Sea) Valid for Next 168 Hours Issued at 0600 UTC of 17.10.2023 Based on 0300 UTC of 17.10.2023. |date=17 October 2023 |publisher=Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre - Tropical Cyclones, India Meteorological Department |location=New Delhi, India |access-date=18 October 2023 |archive-date=22 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022221919/https://rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/uploads/archive/2/2_3915d3_TROPICAL%20WEATHER%20OUTLOOK%20based%20on%200300%20UTC%20of%2017.10.2023.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> A [[low-pressure area]] formed as a result of the cyclonic circulation on morning of 18th October. It intensified further on October 20, becoming a deep depression. On the same day, the system intensified into a Cyclonic Storm, receiving the name ''Tej''.
<div style="clear:right;float:right;">{{Most Intense North Indian Cyclones}}</div>
During 13 May 2020, an area of low pressure developed over the Southeastern Bay of Bengal about {{convert|1,020|km|mi|round=5|abbr=on|comma=off}} to the southeast of [[Visakhapatnam]] in the Indian state of [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite report|title=Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean May 13, 2020 06z|url=https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/DEMS/Alphanumeric/Warning/Tropical_cyclone/20200513/071900/A_WTIN20DEMS130719_C_RJTD_20200513072446_98.txt|access-date=18 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518154737/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/DEMS/Alphanumeric/Warning/Tropical_cyclone/20200513/071900/A_WTIN20DEMS130719_C_RJTD_20200513072446_98.txt|archive-date=18 May 2020|date=13 May 2020|publisher=India Meteorological Department}}</ref><ref name="STWA 13/05/20">{{cite report|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean May 13, 2020 18z|url=https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/abpwweb.txt|archive-date=18 May 2020|access-date=18 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518171103/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/PGTW/Alphanumeric/Analysis/Miscellaneous/20200513/180000/A_ABIO10PGTW131800_C_RJTD_20200513171946_85.txt|date=13 May 2020|publisher=United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center}}</ref> The area of low pressure was located within a favorable environment for further development with good equator-ward [[Outflow (meteorology)|outflow]], exceptionally warm sea surface temperatures between 32 and 34&nbsp;°C recorded in the basin, and low vertical [[wind shear]].<ref name="STWA 13/05/20" /> Over the next couple of days, the system became more marked as it gradually consolidated further, with bands of deep [[atmospheric convection]] wrapping into the system's low-level center.<ref>{{cite report|title=Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean May 14, 2020 06z|url=https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/DEMS/Alphanumeric/Warning/Tropical_cyclone/20200513/071900/A_WTIN20DEMS130719_C_RJTD_20200513072446_98.txt|access-date=18 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518200332/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/DEMS/Alphanumeric/Warning/Tropical_cyclone/20200514/070000/A_WTIN20DEMS140700_C_RJTD_20200514071617_78.txt|archive-date=18 May 2020|date=14 May 2020|publisher=India Meteorological Department}}</ref><ref name="TCFA 15/05/20">{{cite report|title=Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert May 15, 2020 10z|url=https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/|archive-date=18 May 2020|access-date=18 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518200022/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/PGTW/Alphanumeric/Warning/Tropical_cyclone/20200515/100000/A_WTIO21PGTW151000_C_RJTD_20200515095331_29.txt|date=15 May 2020|publisher=United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center}}</ref> During 16 May, the [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD) reported that the area of low pressure had developed into a depression and designated it as BOB&nbsp;01 while it was located about {{convert|1100|km|mi|round=5|abbr=on}} to the south of Paradip in the Indian state of Odisha.<ref>{{cite report|title=Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean May 16, 2020 04:05z|url=https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/DEMS/Alphanumeric/Warning/Tropical_cyclone/20200513/071900/A_WTIN20DEMS130719_C_RJTD_20200513072446_98.txt |access-date=18 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518200332/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/DEMS/Alphanumeric/Warning/Tropical_cyclone/20200514/070000/A_WTIN20DEMS140700_C_RJTD_20200514071617_78.txt|archive-date=18 May 2020|date=14 May 2020|publisher=India Meteorological Department}}</ref>


==Preparations==
Moving northwards, the depression continually organised and became a cyclonic storm a few hours later, receiving the name ''Amphan''. Intensification was temporarily impeded as moderate easterly wind shear disrupted the system's cloud pattern.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf|title=RSMC TROPICAL CYCLONE ADVISORY BULLETIN|publisher=Regional Specialised Metrological Center|access-date=17 May 2020|archive-date=6 January 2019|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75DcwAXcf?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201901041400.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> On 17 May, conditions for significant intensification became more conducive as upper-level winds improved. As a result, Amphan underwent [[rapid intensification]] into a severe cyclonic storm, with the JTWC assessing an increase in winds from {{convert|140|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} at 12:00&nbsp;UTC to {{convert|215|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}, the equivalent to a Category&nbsp;4 hurricane on the [[Saffir–Simpson scale]] (SSHWS), just six hours later.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indias Super Cyclone – Amphan|url=https://www.severe-weather.eu/tropical-weather/india-cyclone-amphan-bengal-mk/amp/|website=Severe weather.eu|date=19 May 2020 |access-date=20 May 2020|archive-date=8 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608170706/https://www.severe-weather.eu/tropical-weather/india-cyclone-amphan-bengal-mk/amp/|url-status=live}}</ref> Furthermore, the IMD upgraded Amphan to an extremely severe cyclonic storm on their cyclone intensity scale.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BULLETIN NO.: 19 (BAY OF BENGAL 01/2020)|url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/indian.pdf|date=18 May 2020|website=rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in|access-date=18 May 2020|archive-date=8 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008072444/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/indian.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The broad storm was characterized by a cloud shield extending more than {{convert|1,110|km|mi|abbr=on}} and a sharply-outlined 10 nautical mile-wide [[Eye (cyclone)|eye]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tropical cyclone Amphan threatens India and Bangladesh|url=https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/tropical-cyclone-amphan-threatens-india-and-bangladesh|website=World Meteorological Organization|date=18 May 2020 |access-date=19 May 2020}}</ref>
===Oman===
Oman's [[Salalah]] port was planned to be temporarily shut from October 22, in response to Tej's expected arrival.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/gulf/2023/10/21/Oman-s-Salalah-port-to-be-temporarily-closed-starting-from-Sunday-due-to-Cyclone-Tej|title=Oman's Salalah port to be temporarily closed starting from Sunday due to Cyclone Tej &#124; Al Arabiya English|access-date=2023-10-22|archive-date=2023-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022141124/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/gulf/2023/10/21/Oman-s-Salalah-port-to-be-temporarily-closed-starting-from-Sunday-due-to-Cyclone-Tej|url-status=live}}</ref>


The [[Oman News Agency]] reported the country's authorities' decision to grant a holiday to employees in the public and private sectors, in the [[Dhofar Governorate]], and the Al Jazir Wilayat in the [[Al Wusta Governorate (Oman)|Al Wusta Governorate]], due to the expected effects of Cyclone Tej.<ref>{{Cite web|last=الدمام|first=اليوم-|date=2023-10-22 |title=إعصار تيج يفرض الإجازة في عُمان |url=https://www.alyaum.com/articles/6493957/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8/%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AC-%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86|access-date=2023-10-22|website=alyaum|language=Arabic|archive-date=2023-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022221923/https://www.alyaum.com/articles/6493957/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8/%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AC-%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Early on 18 May, microwave imagery depicted two distinct concentric eyewalls, a telltale sign of an [[eyewall replacement cycle]] that is typical for very intense cyclones.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Life threatening storm surge – Cyclone Amphan|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2020/05/18/category-5-cyclone-amphan-takes-aim-northeastern-india-bangladesh-with-life-threatening-storm-surge/?outputType=amp|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=18 May 2020|archive-date=27 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527003926/https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2020/05/18/category-5-cyclone-amphan-takes-aim-northeastern-india-bangladesh-with-life-threatening-storm-surge/?outputType=amp|url-status=live}}</ref> Through the day, the effects of wind shear and dry air hampered this internal core change, causing the eyewall to erode by late on 18 May.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amphan continues to weaken as it bears down on the Bengal coast|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/TropicalWeather/comments/gkyycb/amphan_01b_bay_of_bengal/|website=Reddit|access-date=20 May 2020}}</ref>{{User-generated inline|date=August 2020}} Around 5:30&nbsp;p.m. [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] (12:00 UTC), Amphan made landfall as a Very Severe Cyclonic storm near [[Bakkhali]], [[West Bengal]] with winds of {{convert|155|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=In pictures: Cyclone Amphan hits India and Bangladesh|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/05/20/asia/gallery/cyclone-amphan/index.html|date=20 May 2020|publisher=CNN|access-date=20 May 2020|archive-date=20 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520182918/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/05/20/asia/gallery/cyclone-amphan/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>


Oman's National Committee for Emergency Situations Management evacuated residents from the Hallaniyat Islands and coastal regions in the states of [[Salalah]], [[Rakhyut]] and [[Dhalkut|Dhalkot]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paul |first=Ajanta |title=2-day holiday declared for public, private sectors in Oman's Dhofar region due to Cyclone Tej |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/world/gulf/2-day-holiday-declared-for-public-private-sectors-in-omans-dhofar-region-due-to-cyclone-tej |access-date=2023-10-23 |website=Khaleej Times |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023043336/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/world/gulf/2-day-holiday-declared-for-public-private-sectors-in-omans-dhofar-region-due-to-cyclone-tej |url-status=live }}</ref> Shelters and accommodation for 15,000 people were prepared in the Dhofar Governorate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anwer |first=Laraib Tariq |title=Watch: Residents evacuated as cyclone approaches Salalah; heavy rains batter Oman |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/world/gulf/watch-residents-evacuated-as-cyclone-approaches-salalah-heavy-rains-batter-oman |access-date=2023-10-23 |website=Khaleej Times |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023062501/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/world/gulf/watch-residents-evacuated-as-cyclone-approaches-salalah-heavy-rains-batter-oman |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Amphan 1825 190520.gif|thumb|left|Satellite animation of Amphan rapidly intensifying on 17 May.|alt=Infrared satellite animation of Amphan rapidly intensifying, an eye has formed over the center]]As it moved further inland, Amphan rapidly weakened. Just six hours after landfall, the JTWC downgraded the storm to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone and issued its final warning on the system, as it became disorganized.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tropical cyclone 01B (Amphan) Warning Nr 018|url=https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/io0120web.txt|date=20 May 2020|website=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|url-status=live|archive-date=27 May 2020|access-date=20 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527225532/https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/io0120web.txt}}</ref> On 21 May, Amphan degenerated into a well-marked low pressure area.
{{clear}}


Flights between Muscat and Salalah airports were increased to facilitate movement during the cyclone.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=Web |title=Residents to be evacuated, flights increased: Oman's crisis management gears up for Cyclone Tej |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/world/gulf/residents-to-be-evacuated-flights-increased-omans-crisis-management-gears-up-for-cyclone-tej |access-date=2023-10-23 |website=Khaleej Times |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023063631/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/world/gulf/residents-to-be-evacuated-flights-increased-omans-crisis-management-gears-up-for-cyclone-tej |url-status=live }}</ref>
== Preparations ==
[[File:01B 2020-05-16 0450Z.jpg|thumb|left|Amphan shortly after being classified as a depression on 16&nbsp;May|alt=Satellite image of a newly formed depression]]
[[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi chairing a high-level meeting to review the response measures against cyclone ‘Amphan’ developing in the Bay of Bengal, in New Delhi on May 18, 2020 (2).jpg|thumb|Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] chairing a high-level meeting to review the response measures against cyclone Amphan, in [[New Delhi]] on 18 May 2020.]]
Amphan's forecast track placed 38.9&nbsp;million people in India and Bangladesh at risk of exposure to the storm's winds, according to the US [[Pacific Disaster Center]].<ref name="BraceForRecordStorm">{{cite news |last1=Westcott |first1=Ben |last2=Sud |first2=Vedika |last3=Suri |first3=Manveena |title=India and Bangladesh brace for the strongest storm ever recorded in the Bay of Bengal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/19/asia/super-cyclone-amphan-india-banglash-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=19 May 2020 |publisher=CNN |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> The formation of the precursor low-pressure system prompted the IMD to issue a cyclonic alert for India's coastline along the Bay of Bengal, advising fishermen not to sail to susceptible locations in the Bay of Bengal from 15 to 18&nbsp;May.<ref name="LowPressureLikelyToIntensify">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: Low pressure over Bay of Bengal, likely to intensify into cyclonic storm by May 16 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/what-is/cyclone-amphan-6410113/ |work=The Indian Express |agency=Express Web Desk |publisher=The Indian Express Ltd. |date=14 May 2020}}</ref> Fishermen from [[Sri Lanka]] were also advised by the national government to return to or remain in the country,<ref name="SriLankaFishermen">{{cite news |title=Sri Lanka fishermen asked to stay ashore as cyclone Amphan intensifies |url=https://economynext.com/sri-lanka-fishermen-asked-to-stay-ashore-as-cyclone-amphan-intensifies-70025/ |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=EconomyNext |date=17 May 2020}}</ref> and additional maritime traffic from [[Singapore]] and other countries were advised to remain clear of Amphan's vicinity.<ref name="AlertSoundedPreparationsUnderway" /> Ships and aircraft of the [[Indian Coast Guard]] directed fishing boats to harbour in coordination with the administrations and fisheries departments of [[Odisha]] and [[West Bengal]].<ref name="LikelyToBringHeavyRain">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan likely to bring heavy rain in coastal Bengal districts from May 19 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/cyclonic-storm-likely-to-bring-heavy-rain-in-coastal-bengal-districts-from-may-19/story-JJJVxMAViaQKRry2JyO32L.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |agency=Press Trust of India |date=17 May 2020}}</ref> The Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre in [[Chennai]] activated an International Safety Net for the Bay of Bengal.<ref name="AlertSoundedPreparationsUnderway">{{cite news |last1=Loiwal |first1=Manogya |title=Alert sounded, preparations underway to safeguard districts in West Bengal from cyclone Amphan |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/alert-sounded-preparations-underway-to-safeguard-districts-in-west-bengal-from-cyclone-amphan-1679437-2020-05-19 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=India Today |publisher=Living Media India |date=19 May 2020 |location=Digha, India}}</ref> Ports were cleared and their operations suspended along the Bay of Bengal, while ferry service along major routes in Bangladesh was suspended by the [[Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Corporation]].<ref name="TriggersEvacuations">{{cite news |title='Extremely severe' cyclonic storm Amphan forces evacuations in India, Bangladesh |url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/extremely-severe-cyclonic-storm-amphan-forces-evacuations-in-india-bangladesh-20200519-p54u70.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=19 May 2020 }}</ref><ref name="FerryServicesShutDown">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: Ferry services shut on major routes across Bangladesh |url=https://newsroompost.com/world/cyclone-amphan-ferry-services-shut-on-major-routes-across-bangladesh/521091.html |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=Newsroom Post |publisher=Headlong Newsroom Post India |date=19 May 2020 |location=Dhaka, Bangladesh}}</ref> Bangladeshi ports suspended the loading and unloading of goods on board ships.<ref name="EvacuatingMillions">{{cite news |title=Bangladesh, India evacuating millions as super cyclone bears down on coast |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/05/19/bangladesh-india-evacuating-millions-as-super-cyclone-bears-down-on-coast |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=20 May 2020}}</ref> Smaller vessels in the harbour at [[Chittagong]] were moved to safety upstream the [[Karnaphuli River]].<ref name="AmphanTriggersRainChittagong" /> Ships were ordered out of some ports, such as the port of [[Paradip]], to avoid damage.<ref name="HurtlingBangladesh">{{cite news |title=Super cyclone Amphan hurtling towards Bangladesh |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/05/18/bangladesh-raises-danger-signal-as-cyclone-amphan-intensifies |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=18 May 2020}}</ref> Public works departments were called upon by the government of Odisha to ensure infrastructure resiliency;<ref name="ZeroCasualtyTarget"/> crews and backup systems for electricity and telecommunications were deployed to meet these needs,<ref name="OdishaDeploys">{{cite news |title=Odisha deploys NDRF, ODRAF teams as cyclonic storm Amphan intensifies into very severe cyclonic storm |url=http://www.uniindia.com/odisha-deployes-ndrf-odraf-teams-as-cyclonic-storm-amphan-intensifies-into-very-severe-cyclonic-storm/east/news/2000507.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=United News of India |date=17 May 2020 |location=Bhubaneswar, India}}</ref> establishing [[helpline]]s for emergency response.<ref name="GovtReleasesHelpline">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: Govt releases helpline numbers, sets up round-the-clock control rooms |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/cyclone-amphan-govt-releases-helpline-numbers-sets-up-round-the-clock-control-rooms/594242 |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=TimesNowNews.com |agency=Times Now Digital |publisher=Bennett Coleman & Company |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> Rail and vehicular traffic in Odisha and West Bengal was halted or rerouted.<ref name="CycloneTimeCOVID">{{cite news |last1=Dwyer |first1=Colin |title='Cyclone In The Time Of COVID-19': Amphan Bears Down On Bangladesh And India |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/05/19/858550368/cyclone-in-the-time-of-covid-19-amphan-bears-down-on-bangladesh-and-india |access-date=20 May 2020 |publisher=NPR |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> The ''Shramik'' train service for [[migrant worker]]s was halted in both states for up to four days, with service expected to be curtailed in the storm's aftermath.<ref name="SuspendsShramikSpecials">{{cite news |title=Odisha suspends 'Shramik Specials' in view of cyclone Amphan |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2020/may/17/odisha-suspends-shramik-specials-in-view-of-cyclone-amphan-2144387.html|access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |agency=Express News Service |date=17 May 2020|location=Bhubaneswar, India}}</ref><ref name="SpecialRoute">{{cite news |title=Bhubaneswar-New Delhi AC special train to run on diverted route |url=https://updateodisha.com/2020/05/17/bhubaneswar-new-delhi-ac-special-train-to-run-on-diverted-route-67316/ |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=Update Odisha |date=17 May 2020 }}</ref><ref name="3LakhEvacuatedMoved">{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Harshita |title=Cyclone Amphan: 3 lakh people evacuated, moved to relief shelters, says West Bengal CM Mamata Banerjee |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/kolkata/cyclone-amphan-3-lakh-people-evacuated-moved-to-relief-shelters-says-west-bengal-cm-mamata-banerjee/story-dC72rNqD4PEvZhEtGes4FK.html |access-date=19 May 2019 |work=Hindustan Times |agency=Press Trust of India |date=19 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="ShramikSpecialRoster">{{cite news |last1=Khanna |first1=Rohit |last2=Gupta |first2=Jayanta |title=Cyclone Amphan alters Shramik Special roster, 2 trains cancel |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/amphan-alters-shramik-spl-roster-2-trains-cancelled/articleshow/75837062.cms |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |agency=Times News Network |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=20 May 2020 |location=Kolkata, India}}</ref> Other migrants travelling to Odisha were asked to wait out the storm.<ref name="ProcessLastFourHours">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan LIVE Updates: Cyclone begins landfall, process to last for four hours |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/news/national/cyclone-amphan-live-updates-rain-lashes-several-parts-of-odisha-rescue-op-underway-623424 |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=The Hans India |agency=Hans News Service |publisher=Hyderabad Media Hous |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> [[AC Express (Indian Railways)|AC Express]] special trains operating routes between [[New Delhi]] and [[Bhubaneswar]] were diverted to avoid the cyclone's effects.<ref name="IntensifiesSevereCyclonic">{{cite news |title=Cyclone 'Amphan' intensifies into severe cyclonic storm |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/cyclone-amphan-live-updates-odisha-west-bengal-cyclone/liveblog/75775009.cms |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=18 May 2020}}</ref> [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport]] in [[Kolkata]] was closed until 21&nbsp;May, with planes evacuating or [[wheel chock|chocked]] and the [[airport terminal]] roof fortified to minimize damage.<ref name="AirportMarketsShut">{{cite news |last1=Srinivasan |first1=Chandrasekar |title=Airport, Markets Shut, People To Stay Inside As Kolkata Preps For Amphan |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cyclone-amphan-airport-markets-shut-people-to-stay-inside-as-kolkata-prepares-for-storm-2231968 |access-date=20 May 2020 |publisher=NDTV |date=20 May 2020 |location=Kolkata, India}}</ref><ref name="PlanesFlownOut">{{cite news |title=Kolkata: Planes flown out, terminal roof bolstered ahead of Cyclone Amphan strike |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/planes-flown-out-terminal-roof-bolstered-ahead-of-amphan-strike/articleshow/75835784.cms |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |agency=Times News Network |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=20 May 2020 }}</ref>


=== Yemen ===
Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] held a meeting with Minister of Home Affairs [[Amit Shah]], Chief Minister of West Bengal [[Mamata Banerjee]], Chief Minister of Odisha [[Naveen Patnaik]] and other officials on 18&nbsp;May to review preparations and evacuation plans.<ref name="TakesStock">{{cite news |last1=Nandi |first1=Jayashree |title=Bengal and Odisha brace for super cyclone Amphan, PM Modi takes stock |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bengal-and-odisha-brace-for-cyclone-pm-modi-takes-stock/story-XfLIGsg9OMIUXl8iIIWvQN.html |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=19 May 2020 |location=New Delhi, India}}</ref><ref name="AmitShahSpeaks">{{cite news |title=Amit Shah speaks to Mamata Banerjee and Naveen Patnaik, assures all help for super cyclone 'Amphan' |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/national-politics/priyanka-gandhis-office-accuses-up-govt-of-playing-politics-over-congress-offer-to-provide-buses-for-migrants-839369.html |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=Deccan Herald |agency=Press Trust of India |publisher=The Printers |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> Chief Minister of West Bengal, [[Mamata Banerjee]] announced on the day of hitting of cyclone, that all the areas through which the cyclone will pass are to be disconnected from the power supply until the disaster passed on, except the important places like hospitals, fire station etc. Teams from the [[Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force]] and [[National Disaster Response Force]] (NDRF) were pre-positioned across districts in Odisha and West Bengal on 17&nbsp;May to assist in preparations for Amphan and render aid where necessary,<ref name="ZeroCasualtyTarget">{{cite news |title=CM Naveen Patnaik sets 'zero casualty' target for cyclone Amphan |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2020/may/17/cm-naveen-patnaik-sets-zero-casualty-target-for-cyclone-amphan-2144390.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |agency=Express News Service |date=17 May 2020|location=Bhubaneswar, India}}</ref><ref name="NDRFTeams">{{cite news |title=Cyclone 'Amphan': NDRF deploys 17 teams in Odisha, West Bengal |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/cyclone-amphan-likely-to-turn-into-very-severe-storm-landfall-on-west-bengal-bangladesh-coasts-on-may-20-85997 |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The Tribune |publisher=The Tribune Trust |date=17 May 2020 }}</ref><ref name="NDRFDeploys17Member">{{cite news |title=NDRF deploys 17 member team in Paradip to prepare for Cyclone Amphan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ndrf-deploys-21-member-team-in-paradip-to-prepare-for-cyclone-amphan/articleshow/75787830.cms |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |agency=Asian News International |date=17 May 2020 |location=Jagatsinghpur, India}}</ref> with additional units placed on standby;<ref name="TurnsVerySevere">{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Vikash |title=Cyclone Amphan Turns 'Very Severe', Disaster Response Teams Deployed In Odisha, WB |url=https://odishatv.in/odisha/cyclone-amphan-turns-very-severe-disaster-response-teams-deployed-in-odisha-wb-452133 |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=Odishatv.in |publisher=Odisha Television |date=17 May 2020 }}</ref> these units could be readily airlifted to affected areas on board [[Indian Air Force]] transport aircraft.<ref name="53Teams">{{cite news |title=Cyclone 'Amphan': 53 teams deployed to save lives, property, says NDRF |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/may/19/cyclone-amphan-53-teams-deployed-to-save-lives-property-says-ndrf-2145136.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |date=19 May 2020 |location=New Delhi, India}}</ref> The [[National Disaster Management Authority (India)|National Disaster Management Authority]] advised that these crews and other [[first responder]]s would also need [[personal protective equipment]] and [[N95 mask]]s due to the ongoing pandemic.<ref name="LikelyToIntensify" /> A diving team from the [[Indian Navy]] was sent to [[Kolkata]] to aid relief efforts,<ref name="AmphanExtremelySevere">{{cite news |title=Live Updates: Cyclone Amphan weakens into 'extremely severe' category, rain lashes several parts of Odisha |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/super-cyclone-amphan-expected-to-make-landfall-on-west-bengal-coast-on-wednesday/articleshow/75818904.cms |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=The Economic Times |agency=ET Online |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> with ships from the navy placed on standby for relief operations.<ref name="Clocks112kmph">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan [LIVE]: Wind velocity in Kolkata clocks 112 kmph as cyclone crosses WB; 2 people dead in state |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/cyclone-amphan-live-updates-cyclone-in-west-bengal-odisha-cyclone-amphan-sundarbans-ndrf/594335 |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=TimesNowNews.com |agency=Times Now Digital |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=20 May 2020}}</ref>
The [[Yemeni Coast Guard]] in the [[Hadhramaut Governorate]] announced that it was taking precautionary measures in anticipation of the arrival of Tej.<ref>{{Cite web |title=تدابير احترازية في اليمن للحد من تأثيرات إعصار "تيج" |url=https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/yemen/2023/10/21/%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AC- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022141123/https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/yemen/2023/10/21/%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AC- |archive-date=2023-10-22 |access-date=2023-10-22}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=الحدث |first=عدن تايم-نُبقيك مع |title=اخبار وتقارير - عاجل / مركز الإنذار يؤكد تحول العاصفة "تيج" إلى إعصار من الدرجة الأولى |url=https://www.aden-tm.net/news/263399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022120352/https://www.aden-tm.net/news/263399 |archive-date=2023-10-22 |access-date=2023-10-22 |website=www.aden-tm.net |language=ar}}</ref> In [[Shabwah Governorate]], fishermen were warned not to go into the sea and were told to take necessary precautions.<ref>{{Cite web |last=الحدث |first=عدن تايم-نُبقيك مع |title=اخبار وتقارير - أول تحذير في شبوة بشأن إعصار تيج |url=https://www.aden-tm.net/news/263409 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022072521/https://www.aden-tm.net/news/263409 |archive-date=2023-10-22 |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=www.aden-tm.net |language=ar}}</ref> In [[Al Mahrah Governorate]], The Office of Education in Al-Mahra also announced the closure of schools in the governorate due to Tej.<ref>{{Cite web |title=عاجل : ايقاف العملية التعليمية في المهرة بسبب اعصار تيج |url=https://adengad.net/posts/707282 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022030619/https://adengad.net/posts/707282 |archive-date=2023-10-22 |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=عدن الغد |language=ar}}</ref> President [[Rashad al-Alimi|Rashid al-Alimi]] contacted the governorates of Hadhramout, Mahra, and [[Socotra Governorate|Socotra]] and directed the government to support the efforts of the local authorities in preparing for the arrival of Tej.<ref name=":1"/> Authorities in eastern Yemen declared a state of emergency, suspended schools and told fishermen stay home.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2023-10-21 |title=Schools close, fishermen seek shelter as Yemen braces for cyclone |url=https://arab.news/zcm35 |access-date=2023-10-23 |website=Arab News |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024232816/https://stags.bluekai.com/site/83216?ret=html&phint=key%3Dvalue&phint=e_id_m%3Dc84059e8069e3fff5dd4cecb8cbd5cc6&phint=e_id_s%3D2ad46c054dc89a08a72ea4b181578996d210e2837666f2ae583fed3b45403d9a&phint=__bk_t%3DSchools%20close%2C%20fishermen%20seek%20shelter%20as%20Yemen%20braces%20for%20cyclone%20%7C%20Arab%20News&phint=__bk_k%3DJubail%2CAl-Ahsa%2CAl-Kharj%2CTaif%2CQatif%2Coil%2CDammam%2CAbha%2CAsir%2CYanbu%2Cislam%2Cjobs%2Csports%2CKhalij%20times%2Cgulf%20news%2Csaudi%20gazette%2CRiyadh%2CTabuk%2CMecca%2CMedina%2CAlMadinah%2CJeddah%2CMakkah%2CHail%2CMecca%2CMakkah%2CEastern%2CKing%20Abdullah%2C%20jobs%20in%20Saudi%2Cwork%20in%20saudi%20arabia%2C%20umrah%2CHajj%D8%8C%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%20%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B2&phint=__bk_l%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnode%2F2395366%2Fmiddle-east&phint=__bk_v%3D3.1.10&limit=10&r=28061091 |url-status=live }}</ref> The warning also prompted Yemeni authorities in Hadramout, Mahra, Shabwa and Socotra to declare a [[state of emergency]] and issue regular updates to the public.<ref name=":2" /> Fishermen were ordered not to go to sea and were also told to empty their docked boats and move the vessels to safer locations, and people living in low-lying areas advised to move their cars and other possessions to safety.<ref name=":2"/> Hadramout Governor Mabkhout bin Madhi set up a committee to oversee preparations for rescue and storm relief operations,<ref name=":2" /> while the neighbouring [[Al Mahrah Governorate|governorate of Al Mahrah,]] set up an emergency committee to make plans for schools to house people forced to leave their homes in the event of severe damage from the cyclone.<ref name=":2" />

The Bangladesh Cyclone Preparedness Programme and National Disaster Response Coordination Group convened on 18&nbsp;May to outline preparations for Amphan.<ref name="DangerSignal7">{{cite news |title=Danger signal 7 for coast as Cyclone Amphan intensifies |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2020/05/18/danger-signal-no-7-advised-as-cyclone-amphan-nears|access-date=20 May 2020 |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=18 May 2020}}</ref> Several [[non-governmental agencies]] coordinated with the Cyclone Preparedness Programme to support [[Rohingya]] refugees at [[Kutupalong refugee camp|camps]] in [[Cox's Bazar]] during Amphan.<ref name="WarningFlagRaisedRohingya">{{cite news |title=Warning flag raised at Rohingya camps over cyclone 'Amphan' |url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/warning-flag-raised-at-rohingya-camps-over-cyclone-amphan-1589781185 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Financial Express |date=18 May 2020}}</ref> The [[Department of Public Health Engineering]] distributed sanitation supplies and set up 15&nbsp;water treatment plants.<ref name="LocalGovernmentControlRoom">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: Local Government Division opens control room |url=https://unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/cyclone-amphan-local-government-division-opens-control-room/51898 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=United News of Bangladesh |date=20 May 2020 |location=Dhaka, Bangladesh}}</ref> All 32&nbsp;Rohingya camps in Cox's Bazar were staffed with relief volunteers.<ref name="May20CycloneAmphan">{{cite news |last1=Berlinger |first1=Joshua |last2=Regan |first2=Helen |last3=Rahim |first3=Zamira |title=May 20 Cyclone Amphan news |url=https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/live-updates-cyclone-amphan-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=22 May 2020 |publisher=CNN |date=20 May 2020}}</ref> Health services in Bangladesh during the storm were reinforced by 1,933&nbsp;medical teams distributed around Bangladesh.<ref name="1933Medical">{{cite news |title=1,933 medical teams ready: Media cell |url=https://unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/1933-medical-teams-ready-media-cell/51911 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=United News of Bangladesh |date=21 May 2020 |location=Dhaka, Bangladesh}}</ref> Fifteen thousand volunteers and 284&nbsp;medical teams were prepared to render aid around Chittagong.<ref name="AmphanTriggersRainChittagong">{{cite news |last1=Hussain |first1=Anwar |title=Cyclone Amphan triggers rain in Chittagong |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/2020/05/19/cyclone-amphan-triggers-rain-in-chittagong |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> According to [[Inter-Services Public Relations (Bangladesh)|Inter-Services Public Relations]], 145&nbsp;disaster management teams from the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] were placed on standby with special equipment. The [[Bangladesh Army]] deployed 71&nbsp;medical teams and arranged 18,400&nbsp;packets and relief materials in preparation for Amphan's aftermath. Twenty-five ships were dispatched by the [[Bangladesh Navy]] to handle emergency, rescue, and relief operations, with aerial support from the [[Bangladesh Air Force]].<ref name="BangladeshArmedForcesReady">{{cite news |title=Bangladesh armed forces ready to tackle aftermath of super cyclone Amphan |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/05/19/bangladesh-armed-forces-ready-to-tackle-aftermath-of-super-cyclone-amphan |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> The [[Ministry of Agriculture (Bangladesh)|Ministry of Agriculture]] of Bangladesh advised coastal farmers to harvest all mature [[paddy field]]s to mitigate the estimated loss of 12&nbsp;percent of crop yield.<ref name="Harvest All Paddy">{{cite news |title=Harvest all paddy now |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/backpage/news/harvest-all-paddy-now-1903654 |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=18 May 2020 |location=Dhaka, Bangladesh}}</ref> Seven thousand domestic animals were also moved to shelter under the direction of the [[Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock]].<ref name="FisheriesMinistryOpensControl">{{cite news |title=Fisheries Ministry opens control room over super cyclone 'Amphan' |url=https://unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/fisheries-ministry-opens-control-room-over-super-cyclone-amphan/51867 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=United News of Bangladesh |date=19 May 2020 }}</ref>

An IMD yellow alert was active for 13 of Kerala's 14&nbsp;districts on 18&nbsp;May,<ref name="13KeralaUnderAlert">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: 13 Kerala districts under yellow alert, says IMD |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/cyclone-amphan-13-kerala-districts-under-yellow-alert-says-imd/593628 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=TimesNowNews.com |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |publisher=Bennett Coleman & Company |date=18 May 2020}}</ref> while an orange alert was issued by the agency for West Bengal, anticipating extensive damage in six districts.<ref name="BiggestEvacuationExercises">{{cite news |title=Cyclone 'Amphan': West Bengal government mounts one of its biggest evacuation exercises |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/may/20/cyclone-amphan-west-bengal-government-mounts-one-of-its-biggest-evacuation-exercises-2145512.html |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |date=20 May 2020 |location=Kolkata, India}}</ref> The [[Bangladesh Meteorological Department]] issued cyclone danger signal #10, their highest warning, at the [[Port of Mongla]] and the [[Port of Payra]] on 20&nbsp;May, signifying "great danger" due to Amphan with winds expected to exceed {{cvt|89|km/h}}. Signal #10 was also issued for eleven coastal districts, in addition to offshore islands and islands within the [[Ganges Delta]].<ref name="Signal10PayraMongla">{{cite news |title=Bangladesh raises cyclone warning to great danger signal 10 for Payra, Mongla |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/05/20/bangladesh-raises-cyclone-warning-to-great-danger-signal-10-for-payra-mongla |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=20 May 2020}}</ref> Flood and landslide warnings were issued by the Disaster Management Centre of Sri Lanka on 19&nbsp;May. Boats, helicopters, and crews were stationed by the [[Sri Lanka Air Force]] and [[Sri Lanka Navy]] throughout the island to bolster emergency response.<ref name="RainsWreakHavocSriLanka" /> Coastal [[provinces of Thailand]] along the Andaman Sea were warned by the [[Thai Meteorological Department]] of the threat of heavy rain on 19&nbsp;May.<ref name="FloodAlarmAndaman">{{cite news |title=Flood alarm sounds on Andaman coast |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/1920268/flood-alarm-sounds-on-andaman-coast |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=Bangkok Post |publisher=Bangkok Post Public Company |date=19 May 2020 |location=Bangkok, Thailand}}</ref> Storm alerts issued by the Thai Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation encompassed 62&nbsp;provinces, including [[Bangkok]],<ref name="StormsAlertThailand">{{cite news |last1=Wancharoen |first1=Supoj |title=Storms alert for most of Thailand |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/1920764/storms-alert-for-most-of-thailand |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=Bangkok Post |publisher=Bangkok Post Public Company |date=19 May 2020 }}</ref> while warnings for flash floods, high waves, and landslides were issued for 14&nbsp;provinces in [[southern Thailand]].<ref name="ThailandECHOFlash19May">{{cite web|title=Thailand – Flash floods and landslides (DG ECHO, TMD, media) (ECHO Daily Flash of 19 May 2020) |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/thailand/thailand-flash-floods-and-landslides-dg-echo-tmd-media-echo-daily-flash-19-may-2020|via=ReliefWeb |publisher=European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations |access-date=19 May 2020 |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> The National Centre for Hydrology and Meteorology of [[Bhutan]] warned of the possibility of flash flooding and landslides in the country.<ref name="NHCMIssues">{{cite news |title=NCHM issues weather warning over cyclonic storm AMPHAN |url=http://www.bbs.bt/news/?p=132441 |access-date=21 May 2020 |work=Bhutan Broadcasting Service |publisher=Bhutan Broadcasting Service Corporation |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> The Bhutanese Department of Disaster Management advised against travelling, particularly in southern Bhutan.<ref name="AffectPartsBhutan">{{cite news |last1=Palden |first1=Tshering |title=Cyclone Amphan to affect parts of Bhutan for the next two days |url=https://kuenselonline.com/cyclone-amphan-to-affect-parts-of-bhutan-for-the-next-two-days/ |access-date=21 May 2020 |work=Kuensel |publisher=Kuensel Corporation |date=20 May 2020}}</ref>

=== Evacuations ===
[[File:Amphan 2020-05-19 0736Z.jpg|thumb|Amphan approaching [[East India]] and [[Bangladesh]] on 19&nbsp;May]]
The government of Odisha directed the [[district magistrate|magistrates]] of four [[List of districts of Odisha|districts]] on 15&nbsp;May to establish shelter homes for possible evacuees.<ref name="OdishaBracing">{{cite news |last1=Mohanty |first1=Debabrata |title=Odisha bracing for possible cyclone, 12 districts on alert |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/odisha-bracing-for-possible-cyclone-12-districts-on-alert/story-BLW4ir3Gc38e8k1QhrO1WK.html |access-date=14 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |publisher=HT Media Limited |date=15 May 2020}}</ref> Odisha Chief Secretary Asit Kumar Tripathy initially identified 403&nbsp;possible cyclone shelters in areas potentially impacted by Amphan, though 105&nbsp;served as temporary medical centres for quarantines associated with the concurrent [[COVID-19 pandemic in India|COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref name="ZeroCasualtyTarget"/> Shelters could only be filled to one-third capacity to maintain [[social distancing]] guidelines due to the pandemic.<ref name="LikelyToIntensify">{{cite news |last1=Nandi |first1=Jayashree |last2=Thakur |first2=Joydeep |title=Cyclone Amphan likely to intensify, hit Bengal soon |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/cyclone-amphan-likely-to-intensify-hit-bengal-soon/story-nwfhMMbOhrJ2cDSdy2B2fN.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=18 May 2020 |location=Bhubaneswar, India}}</ref><ref name="MillionsAheadOfSuperCyclone" /> Social distancing restrictions in West Bengal reduced evacuation capacity in shelters from 500,000&nbsp;people to 200,000&nbsp;people.<ref name="TellMillionsToEvacuate">{{cite news |last1=Brackett |first1=Ron |title=India, Bangladesh Tell Millions to Evacuate as Tropical Cyclone Amphan Approaches |url=https://weather.com/news/news/2020-05-19-cyclone-amphan-india-bangladesh-evacuations |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Weather Channel |publisher=TWC Product and Technology |date=18 May 2020}}</ref> The [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]] located schools and community centres for possible use as temporary shelters to augment evacuation capacity.<ref name="OdishaSwings">{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Vikash |title=Cyclone Amphan: With 7 Lakh Expected To Be Affected, Odisha Swings Into Action Mode |url=https://odishatv.in/odisha/cyclone-amphan-with-7-lakh-expected-to-be-affected-odisha-swings-into-action-mode-451892 |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=Odishatv.in |publisher=Odisha Television |date=16 May 2020 |location=Bhubaneswar, India}}</ref><ref name="SetToHit">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan set to hit West Bengal today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/beast-from-bay-bears-down-on-bengal-at-185kmph-3-lakh-shifted-from-4-dists/articleshow/75837216.cms |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |agency=Times News Network |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=20 May 2020 }}</ref> At least 1,704&nbsp;shelters were ultimately established in Odisha and more than 2,000 were used in West Bengal, including schools and public buildings.<ref name="HurtlesTowardsBengal">{{cite news |title=Over 1 lakh evacuated in Odisha as cyclone Amphan hurtles towards Bengal coast |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/over-1-lakh-evacuated-in-odisha-as-cyclone-amphan-hurtles-towards-bengal-coast |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Free Press Journal |agency=Asian News International |date=20 May 2020 |location=Bhubaneswar, India}}</ref> Pandemic constraints on shelters in Bangladesh prompted deputy commissioners in 19&nbsp;[[Districts of Bangladesh|coastal districts]] to seize educational institutions and mosques for use as shelters.<ref name="BangladeshAlertsMaritime">{{cite news |last1=Hossain |first1=Emran |title=Bangladesh alerts maritime ports as Cyclone Amphan intensifies |url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/106629/bangladesh-alerts-maritime-ports-as-cyclone-amphan-intensifies |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=New Age Bangladesh |publisher=Media New Age |date=17 May 2020}}</ref><ref name="GovtNecessaryPreparations">{{cite news |title=Govt has necessary preparations to face cyclone 'Amphan': Enamur |url=http://www.unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/govt-has-necessary-preparations-to-face-cyclone-amphan-enamur/51740 |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=United News Bangladesh |date=17 May 2020 |location=Dhaka, Bangladesh}}</ref> More than 12,000&nbsp;shelters were opened across Bangladesh, supplied with food and emergency cash from the Bangladeshi [[Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief]] and yielding capacity for 5.19&nbsp;million evacuees.<ref name="Evacuate5Million">{{cite news |last1=Parija |first1=Pratik |title=India, Bangladesh Prepare to Evacuate 5 Million From Cyclone |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-18/india-bangladesh-may-shift-millions-as-category-5-storm-nears |access-date=18 May 2020 |publisher=Bloomberg |date=18 May 2020}}</ref><ref name="AmphanMayBadSidr">{{cite news |last1=Roy |first1=Pinaki |title=Amphan may be as bad as Sidr |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/amphan-may-be-bad-sidr-1903927 |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=19 May 2020 |location=Dhaka, Bangladesh}}</ref> There were 5,767 more shelters in Bangladesh for Amphan than for [[Cyclone Bulbul]], which struck the country in November 2019, due in part to social distancing restrictions.<ref name="SocialDistancingChallenge">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: Social distancing at shelters a big challenge |url=http://www.unb.com.bd/category/Special/cyclone-amphan-social-distancing-at-shelters-a-big-challenge/51866 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=United News of Bangladesh |date=19 May 2020 |last1=Syfullah|first1= Muhammad}}</ref>

Approximately 4.2&nbsp;million people were evacuated in coastal India and Bangladesh, with roughly 2&nbsp;million from India and 2.2&nbsp;million from Bangladesh. Most of the evacuations in India occurred in West Bengal.<ref name="AsAmphanNears">{{cite news |last1=Thakur |first1=Joydeep |last2=Mohanty |first2=Debabrata |title=As cyclone Amphan nears, 4.2 million evacuated in coastal regions of India, Bangladesh |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/as-cyclone-amphan-nears-4-2mn-evacuated-in-coastal-regions-of-india-b-desh/story-bpZ14tH5LNaaDNckvZknDK.html |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=20 May 2020}}</ref><ref name="SuperCycloneHitsCoast">{{cite news |last1=Ellis-Petersen |first1=Hannah |last2=Ratcliffe |first2=Rebecca |title=Super-cyclone Amphan hits coast of India and Bangladesh |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/20/super-cyclone-amphan-evacuations-in-india-and-bangladesh-slowed-by-virus |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |date=20 May 2020 }}</ref> Over a million people were expected to evacuate from areas near the [[Bangladesh–India border]].<ref name="MoreThan1MillionEvacuated">{{cite news |last1=Lotus |first1=Jean |title=Cyclone Amphan: More than 1 million to be evacuated in India, Bangladesh |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2020/05/18/Cyclone-Amphan-More-than-1-million-to-be-evacuated-in-India-Bangladesh/9891589822288/ |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=United Press International |date=17 May 2020}}</ref> Around 4,000&nbsp;personnel from the SDRF oversaw evacuations in India.<ref name="YellowAlert9Kerala">{{cite news |title='Amphan' weakens into extremely severe cyclonic storm; yellow alert in 9 Kerala districts |url=https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/nation/2020/05/19/cyclone-amphan-landfall-kerala-yellow-alert.html |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=Onmanorama |publisher=Manorama Online |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> Evacuations began on 17&nbsp;May in Jagatsinghpur, beginning with the elderly and pregnant living in thatched homes.<ref name="AmphanKeepsFishermenOff">{{cite news |title='Amphan' keeps fishermen off sea |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2020/may/17/amphan-keeps-fishermen-off-sea-2144412.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |date=17 May 2020 |location=Kendrapara, India}}</ref> Magistrates were directed to begin evacuating residents from vulnerable homes and low-lying areas in Odisha the following day.<ref name="ThatchedAsbetosTile">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: Odisha govt. asks Collectors to evacuate people living in thatched, asbestos, tile houses |url=http://www.uniindia.com/~/cyclone-amphan-odisha-govt-asks-collectors-to-evacuate-people-living-in-thatched-asbestos-tile-houses/States/news/2002048.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=United News of India |date=17 May 2020}}</ref> The Odisha government took a more targeted evacuation approach for Amphan than in previous storms where more widespread evacuations were utilized.<ref name="SetToHitBengal">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan set to hit Bengal today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cyclone-amphan-set-to-hit-bengal-today/articleshow/75837066.cms |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |agency=Times News Network |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=20 May 2020}}</ref> Odisha had shelter capacity for up 1.1&nbsp;million evacuees, though only 10&nbsp;percent was expected to be used.<ref name="IndiaBangladesh2Million" /> Over 141,000&nbsp;people were ultimately moved to shelters in coastal Odisha.<ref name="Clocks112kmph" /> The government of West Bengal planned to evacuate 200,000&nbsp;people from their homes by 18&nbsp;May;<ref name="IndiaBangladesh2Million">{{cite news |title=India and Bangladesh to evacuate 2 million people as Cyclone Amphan approaches |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/south-asia/article/3084949/india-and-bangladesh-evacuate-2-million-people-cyclone-amphan |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=South China Morning Post |agency=Agence France-Presse |date=18 May 2020}}</ref> nearly 300,000&nbsp;people evacuated in total from the state, including 200,000 from [[North 24 Parganas district]] and more than 40,000&nbsp;from [[Sagar Island]].<ref name="PosesExtremeStormSurge">{{cite news |last1=Freedman |first1=Andrew |last2=Slater |first2=Joanna |title=Cyclone Amphan poses extreme storm surge danger for eastern India, Bangladesh |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2020/05/19/cyclone-amphan-india-bangladesh-storm-surge/ |access-date=19 May 2020 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=19 May 2020}} {{subscription required}}</ref><ref name="ThreeLakhEvacuated">{{cite news |last1=Nag |first1=Jayari |title=West Bengal: Three lakh people evacuated to safety ahead of 'Amphan' landfall |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/news/india/west-bengal-three-lakh-people-evacuated-to-safety-ahead-of-amphan-landfall/articleshow/75828078.cms |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=Bangalore Mirror |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=19 May 2020 }}</ref><ref name="AlertSoundedPreparationsUnderway" /> The NDRF reported that over 500,000&nbsp;people evacuated from [[Odisha]] and West Bengal.<ref name="HeavyRain10Points">{{cite news |last1=Mishra |first1=Himanshu Sekhar |title=Cyclone Amphan To Hit Bengal Between 4 And 6 PM, Heavy Rain Along Coast: 10 Points|editor1-last=Bhasin|editor1-first=Swati |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cyclone-amphan-likely-to-hit-bengal-today-over-3-lakh-evacuated-10-points-2231831 |access-date=20 May 2020 |publisher=NDTV |date=20 May 2020 |location=New Delhi, India}}</ref> Officials farther inland in [[Dhanbad]] and [[Bokaro Steel City]], [[Jharkhand]], were also instructed to move people from susceptible housing to safety.<ref name="DhanbadBokaroDistrictsBrace">{{cite news |last1=Choubey |first1=Praduman |last2=Nikhar |first2=Suresh Prasad |title=Dhanbad and Bokaro districts brace for Amphan |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/dhanbad-and-bokaro-districts-brace-for-cyclone-amphan/cid/1774346 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Telegraph |date=20 May 2020}}</ref> Two million people were expected to evacuate from low-lying areas of Bangladesh on 19&nbsp;May;<ref name="FearsOfSevereDamage">{{cite news |title=India, Bangladesh evacuate millions ahead of Cyclone Amphan amid fears of 'severe damage' |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/india-bangladesh-evacuate-millions-ahead-of-cyclone-amphan-amid-fears-of-severe-damage |access-date=18 May 2020 |work=SBS News |publisher=Special Broadcasting Service |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> Enamur Rahman, the Minister of Disaster Management and Relief, stated that the evacuation for Amphan in Bangladesh was unprecedented in scale.<ref name="SlamsCoast">{{cite news |title=Coastal farmers take the brunt |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/amphan-slams-the-coast-1904605 |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=21 May 2020}}</ref> Trawlers were used to evacuate thousands from the sediment islands in the Ganges Delta to the Bangladeshi mainland.<ref name="ThousandsRushedBhola">{{cite news |title=Thousands rushed to safety in Bhola from storm shelter-less shoals with Amphan lurking |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/05/20/thousands-rushed-to-safety-in-bhola-from-storm-shelter-less-shoals-with-amphan-lurking |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=20 May 2020}}</ref> Approximately 50,000&nbsp;people were evacuated from the islands of the [[Sundarbans]].<ref name="MillionsAheadOfSuperCyclone">{{cite news |title=Amphan: India and Bangladesh evacuate millions ahead of super cyclone |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52718826 |access-date=19 May 2020 |publisher=BBC News |date=19 May 2020}}</ref>


==Impact==
==Impact==
===Oman===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:0 0 0.5em 1em;float:right;"
Cyclone Tej struck Oman's Dhofar Governorate, with the National Multi-Hazards Early Warning Centre indicating an intensification of the cyclone. Expect heavy to very heavy rainfall (100-300 mm), leading to flooding in valleys and high waves (6-12 meters) on the Arabian Sea coast. The cyclone featured wind speeds around its centre of 95-110 knots. It came ashore near the coast of Dhofar on the evening of 23rd October and the following morning, bringing heavy rain, strong winds (50-70 knots), and rough seas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://alwatan.kuwait.tt/articledetails.aspx?id=728052&yearquarter=20234 |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=alwatan.kuwait.tt |title=Archived copy |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024232805/https://alwatan.kuwait.tt/articledetails.aspx?id=728052&yearquarter=20234 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=وكالات |date=2023-10-24 |title="إعصار تيج" يتراجع في سلطنة عُمان وطوارئ في اليمن |url=https://www.al-madina.com/article/859450/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9/%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AC-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A6-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86 |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=جريدة المدينة |language=ar |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024232804/https://www.al-madina.com/article/859450/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9/%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AC-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A6-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|+ Fatalities by country
|-
! scope="col"| Country
! scope="col"| Fatalities
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| Ref.
|-
|scope="row"| India
|align="right"|{{nts|98}}
|<ref name="MamataPegs"/><ref name="Odisha death"/><ref name="Odisha4"/>
|-
|scope="row"| [[Bangladesh]]
|align="right"|{{nts|26}}
|<ref name="DhakaTrib_1"/>
|-
|scope="row"| [[Sri Lanka]]
|align="right"|{{nts|4}}
|<ref name="RatnapuraAffected"/><ref name="AdverseWeatherClaimsTwoLives"/>
|-class="sortbottom"
|scope="row"|Total
|align="right"|128
|
|-
|}


Tropical rain clouds affected Dhofar Governorate, bringing varying levels of rainfall to [[Salalah]], [[Sadah, Oman|Sadah]], [[Mirbat]], and [[Taqah]]. Additionally, rough seas with waves ranging from 6 to 12 meters were expected along the Arabian Sea coast, posing a danger to coastal areas and creeks.<ref name=":4"/>
===India===
{{main|Effects of Cyclone Amphan in India}}


==== Eastern India ====
===United Arab Emirates===
Heavy rains hit parts of the UAE on October 22. Massive flooding was reported in an area south of [[Shawka]], which is a town near the Oman border.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=Web |title=Watch: Heavy rain, hail batter UAE; residents warned of 'hazardous weather' as Cyclone Tej deepens |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/weather/watch-heavy-rains-hit-uae-as-cyclone-tej-deepens |access-date=2023-10-23 |website=Khaleej Times |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023043038/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/weather/watch-heavy-rains-hit-uae-as-cyclone-tej-deepens |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Kolkata after Amphan 06.jpg|alt=A downed tree along the side of a Kolkata street|left|thumb|Damage from Cyclone Amphan in Kolkata]]


On October 25, flooding occurred in the Al Faya region in [[Sharjah]], which is located towards the east of UAE. Hailstones fell in an area north of [[Fujairah]] with mountainous roads flooded with rainwater.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=Web |title=Watch: Gushing waters in Sharjah as UAE rains continue for 8th day |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/weather/watch-gushing-waters-in-sharjah-as-uae-rains-continue-for-8th-day |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=Khaleej Times |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231025072645/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/weather/watch-gushing-waters-in-sharjah-as-uae-rains-continue-for-8th-day |url-status=live }}</ref>
Amphan made landfall near [[Bakkhali]] in [[West Bengal]] at 2:30&nbsp;p.m. [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] on 20&nbsp;May,<ref name=":0" /> buffeting the region with strong winds and heavy rains.<ref name="AtLeast12Dead">{{cite news |title=HIGHLIGHTS {{pipe}} 6.5 lakh evacuated, at least 24 dead as Cyclone 'Amphan' batters Bengal, Odisha; to weaken into 'deep depression' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/live/2020/may/20/highlights--65-lakh-evacuated-at-least-12-dead-as-cyclone-amphan-batters-bengal-odisha-to-weaken-into-deep-depression-2145664.html |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |date=21 May 2020}}</ref> Although the extent of fatalities was less than initially feared, the cyclone's effects were nonetheless widespread and deadly.<ref name="500000FamiliesMayBeHomeless">{{cite news |last1=Beer |first1=Tommy |title=500,000 Families May Be Homeless Due To Devastation From Cyclone Amphan |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tommybeer/2020/05/22/500000-families-may-be-homeless-due-to-devastation-from-cyclone-amphan |access-date=23 May 2020 |work=Forbes |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> West Bengal, the epicenter of the cyclone's landfall, saw the most widespread damage from Amphan. The storm was considered the strongest to hit the region in over a decade.<ref name="strongest"/> At least 86&nbsp;people died in West Bengal;<ref name="MamataPegs">{{cite news |title=Mamata pegs cyclone Amphan damage at ₹1 lakh crore, toll rises to 86 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/mamata-pegs-cyclone-amphan-damage-at-1-lakh-crore-toll-rises-to-86/article31660847.ece |access-date=23 May 2020 |work=The Hindu |publisher=THG Publishing |date=23 May 2020}}</ref> most of the fatalities were due to electrocution or the collapse of homes.<ref name="72KilledMarchModiVisit">{{cite news |title=72 killed in Amphan's march through Bengal, PM Modi to visit today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/72-killed-in-amphans-march-through-bengal-pm-modi-to-visit-today/articleshow/75878314.cms |access-date=21 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |agency=Times News Network |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> The state government estimated that the storm caused at least [[Indian rupee sign|₹]]1.02&nbsp;trillion (US$13.5&nbsp;billion) in damage and directly affected 70&nbsp;percent of the state's population.<ref name="Billion_damage"/><ref name="MamataPegs" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Singh|first=Shiv Sahay|date=7 June 2020|title=Bengal pegs cyclone Amphan damage at ₹1.02 lakh crore|work=Hindustan Times|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bengal-pegs-cyclone-amphan-damage-at-102-lakh-crore/article31771039.ece|access-date=8 June 2020}}</ref> Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee described the storm's effects there as worse than that of COVID-19.<ref name="Clocks112kmph" /> An estimated [[storm surge]] of {{convert|5|m|ft|abbr=on}} inundated a wide swath of coastal communities and communications were severed. The greatest inundations were expected in the Sundarbans, where flooding could extend {{convert|15|km|mi|abbr=on}} inland.<ref name="Reuters10"/> Embankments in the region were overtaken by the surge, leading to inundation of the islands in the Sundarbans.<ref name="ProtestsEruptAsBengalReels" /> Bridges linking islands to the Indian mainland were swept away.<ref name="TheWaitingBegins">{{cite news |title=After Cyclone Hits India and Bangladesh, the Waiting Begins |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/20/world/asia/cyclone-amphan-india-bangladesh-map.html |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=The New York Times |date=21 May 2020}} {{subscription required}}</ref> The cyclone produced sustained winds of {{cvt|112|km/h}} and gusts to {{cvt|190|km/h}}, which were recorded by the Alipore observatory, Kolkata, West Bengal, damaging homes and uprooting trees and electric poles.<ref name="Clocks112kmph" /> Wind speed along coastal areas were measured up to {{convert|150|–|160|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. In [[Canning, South 24 Parganas|Canning]] a wind speed of {{convert|157|km/h||abbr=on}} with gusting up to {{convert|185|km/h||abbr=on}} was recorded, while nearby nimpith and [[Sagar Island]] observed {{convert|155|and|111|km/h||abbr=on}} wind speed.<ref name="TheHindu1">{{cite news|date=21 May 2020|title=72 people dead in West Bengal, Mamata urges PM Modi to visit state|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/super-cyclone-amphan-live-tracking-may21/liveblog/75859242.cms|access-date=21 May 2020}}</ref> The [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport]] recorded wind speeds up to {{convert|133|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} . In [[average]], [[Kolkata]] and its surrounding recorded highest [[wind speed]] of 110–130&nbsp;km/h at 7-8 PM night and rainfall between 220 and 240&nbsp;mm was recorded in Kolkata and its surroundings on 20 May 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=6 Hours Of Fear As Cyclone Amphan Ripped Through Kolkata: Videos|url=https://www.ndtv.com/kolkata-news/cyclone-amphan-kolkata-over-6-hours-of-fear-as-cyclone-amphan-ripped-through-kolkata-videos-2232440|access-date=2021-06-01|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> This overturned vehicles and snapped approximately 10,000&nbsp;trees.<ref name="TheHindu1"/><ref name="Reuters10"/><ref>{{Cite news |title=Kolkata loses 5,000 trees, experts want shift in plantation pattern |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/kolkata-loses-5k-trees-experts-want-shift-in-plantation-pattern/articleshow/75877109.cms |last1=Niyogi|first1=Subhro|last2=Ray|first2=Saikat |date=22 May 2020 |work=The Times of India|access-date=2020-05-22}}</ref><ref name="ModiOffersHelp" /> The Calcutta Municipal Corporation stated that Amphan toppled over 4,000&nbsp;electric poles, leaving much of the city without power for over 14&nbsp;hours.<ref name="ProtestOverLack">{{cite news |title=Protests over lack of power & water in several parts of Calcutta |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/calcutta/cyclone-amphan-in-west-bengal-protests-over-lack-of-power-water-in-several-parts-of-kolkata/cid/1775110 |access-date=25 May 2020 |work=The Telegraph |date=23 May 2020 |location=Kolkata, India}}</ref><ref name="SurvivorsReturnFaceDestruction">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: Survivors return to face destruction left by storm |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52765962 |access-date=23 May 2020 |publisher=BBC |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> At least 19&nbsp;people were killed in Kolkata.<ref name="ModiOffersHelp">{{cite news |last1=Nagchoudhary |first1=Subrata |last2=Paul |first2=Ruma |title=Cyclone Amphan leaves thousands homeless in eastern India, Modi offers help |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-asia-storm-india/cyclone-amphan-leaves-thousands-homeless-in-eastern-india-modi-offers-help-idUSKBN22Y0YL |access-date=23 May 2020 |work=Reuters |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> The storm also triggered widespread flooding around the city. 236&nbsp;mm of rain was recorded in Kolkata.<ref name="ModiOffersHelp" />
{{Costliest known North Indian cyclones|align=left}}


=== Yemen ===
[[File:Cyclone Amphan making landfall.gif|thumb|right|Satellite animation of Amphan making landfall over West Bengal on 20&nbsp;May|alt=Infrared satellite animation of Amphan]]
==== Socotra ====
[[File:Cyclone Tej in socotra.jpg|thumb|Damages of the cyclone in [[Socotra]]]]
On October 22, Tej caused rough weather and [[Torrential rain|torrential rains]] in [[Socotra]], along with reported high waves, [[floods]] and [[Landslide|landslides]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=خاص |first=رصد |title=الأرصاد: تزايد شدة العاصفة "تيج" لتصل إلى عاصفة عاتية |url=https://almahriah.net/local/32535 |access-date=2023-10-22 |website=المهرية نت |archive-date=2023-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022221920/https://almahriah.net/local/32535 |url-status=live }}</ref> Torrential rain on Saturday caused flooding on the island of Socotra as the cyclone made landfall.<ref name=":2" /> The flooding led to some roads in the [[Socotra Governorate|governorate's]] capital city of [[Hadibu]] being cut, along with other areas in the archipelago. The [[Socotra Airport]] recorded {{cvt|13|mm}} of rain, with wind speeds reaching {{cvt|25|knot|kph mph|round=5}} and gusts exceeding {{cvt|25|knot|kph mph|round=5}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=خاص |title=سيول جارفة في سقطرى تأثرا بإعصار تيج |url=https://almahriah.net/local/32544 |access-date=2023-10-22 |website=المهرية نت |archive-date=2023-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022221920/https://almahriah.net/local/32544 |url-status=live }}</ref>


There was damage as a result of rain and wind, related to the blocking of roads and the bulldozing of farms, and the demolition of parts of some homes, and one injury was recorded in [[Qulensya|Qalansiyah District]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=خاص |title=مشاهد ما بعد إعصار تيج في سقطرى... خسائر طفيفة وأرض تحولت إلى مروجاً وأنهاراً |url=https://almahriah.net/local/32600 |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=المهرية نت |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024232829/https://almahriah.net/local/32600 |url-status=live }}</ref> Over 500&nbsp;homes on the island sustained damage from the cyclone, displacing 192&nbsp;households primarily in [[Qulensya wa Abd al Kuri District]]. Two people suffered minor injuries.<ref name="YemenFlash1">{{cite web |title=Yemen: Flash Update #1 - Cyclone Tej, 24 October 2023 |url=https://reliefweb.int/attachments/6e82a6ea-f695-462c-8f12-302d35aeff43/24102023_Cyclone%20Tej%20Flash%20Update_1_Final.pdf |via=ReliefWeb |publisher=[[United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs]] |access-date=2023-10-25 |date=2023-10-23 |archive-date=2023-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027000846/https://reliefweb.int/attachments/6e82a6ea-f695-462c-8f12-302d35aeff43/24102023_Cyclone%20Tej%20Flash%20Update_1_Final.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
Downed power lines caused [[power outage]]s across West Bengal, prompting CM [[Mamata Banerjee]] to order power supplies to be cut in the two states of [[24 Parganas]] as a precautionary measure.<ref name="Clocks112kmph" /> In [[North 24 Parganas]], 2&nbsp;people were killed and up to 5,500&nbsp;homes were damaged.<ref name="Clocks112kmph" /> Thousands of mud homes were damaged in the neighboring [[Hooghly district]].<ref name="Reuters10"/> A million homes were damaged in [[South 24 Parganas]] and breached embankments led to the flooding of villages and swaths of cropland.<ref name="MamataPegs" /><ref name="72KilledMarchModiVisit" /> About 26,000&nbsp;homes were destroyed in [[Gosaba (community development block)|Gosaba]]. Saltwater inundation affected surrounding areas following damage to {{cvt|19|km}} of nearby embankments. Around 150&nbsp;km from the area in Nadia,the storm caused severe damage.<ref name="ModiOffersHelp" /> Across West Bengal, {{convert|88,000|ha|acre|abbr=off}} of rice paddies and {{convert|200,000|ha|acre|abbr=off}} of vegetable and sesame crops were damaged.<ref name="72KilledMarchModiVisit" />


====Mainland====
Neighboring [[Odisha]] saw significant effects, with wind speed reaching {{convert|106|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} and rainfall up to {{convert|300|mm|in|abbr=on}} in [[Paradip]].<ref>{{cite news|first=Satyasundar|last=Barik|newspaper=The Hindu|date=20 May 2020|access-date=20 May 2020|title=Amphan: Heavy rain, wind hit coastal districts of Odisha|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/amphan-heavy-rain-wind-hit-coastal-districts-of-odisha/article31629025.ece}}</ref> In [[Bhadrak]], rainfall reached {{convert|384.6|mm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Odisha4"/> Approximately {{convert|1167|km|mi|abbr=on}} of power lines of varying voltages,{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}} 126,540&nbsp;transformers, and 448 [[electrical substation]]s were affected, leaving 3.4&nbsp;million without power. Damage to the power grid reached ₹3.2&nbsp;billion (US$42&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=26 May 2020|access-date=27 May 2020|title=Cyclone 'Amphan' aftermath: Power supply restored in affected districts|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bhubaneswar/2020/may/26/cyclone-amphan-aftermath-power-supply-restored-in-affected-districts-2147961.html}}</ref> Four people died in [[Odisha]], two from collapsed objects, one due to drowning,<ref name="Odisha death">{{cite news|first=Debabrata|last=Mohanty|newspaper=Hindustan Times|date=21 May 2020|access-date=21 May 2020|title=3 dead as Cyclone Amphan crosses Odisha before making landfall in Bengal|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/3-dead-as-cyclone-amphan-crosses-odisha-before-making-landfall-in-bengal/story-DvIAOCX2kG6L4IJtjzaurO.html}}</ref> and one from head trauma.<ref name="Odisha4">{{cite news|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=22 May 2020|access-date=27 May 2020|title=Agony after cyclone Amphan in Odisha|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2020/may/22/agony-after-cyclone-amphan-in-odisha-2146551.html}}</ref> Across the ten affected districts in Odisha, 4.4&nbsp;million people were impacted in some way by the cyclone. At least 500&nbsp;homes were destroyed and a further 15,000 were damaged. Nearly 4,000&nbsp;livestock, primarily poultry, died. The Cyclone was strongest at its northeast section.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}
[[File:Cyclone Tej in almahra.jpg|left|thumb|Damages of the cyclone in [[Al Mahrah Governorate|Al Mahra]]]]
The [[Yemen Red Crescent Society]] in Al-Mahra Governorate has initiated evacuations due to Cyclone Tej.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=خاص |title=الهلال الأحمر اليمني: إجلاء الأسر المتضررة من إعصار تيج في المهرة وسط ظروف صعبة |url=https://almahriah.net/local/32607 |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=المهرية نت |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024232805/https://almahriah.net/local/32607 |url-status=live }}</ref> They've collaborated with the army, security forces, and health teams to move affected families to shelter centers amidst heavy rain and strong winds.<ref name=":3" /> Additionally, they've appealed to the Presidential Council, government, and Arab coalition for aircraft assistance to rescue flood-stranded individuals in Al-Ghaydah District, including Al-Ibri, Haft Al-Sada, Kalshat, and other areas.<ref name=":3" />


The storm has flooded roads, submerged cars and forced Yemen Red Crescent volunteers in Al Mahra to temporarily suspend operations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=خاص |title=المهرة..حالة وفاة وتهدم 10 منازل جراء الإعصار في حصوين |url=https://almahriah.net/local/32609 |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=المهرية نت |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024232825/https://almahriah.net/local/32609 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=خاصة |first=متابعات |title=مسؤول محلي يوجه نداء لإغاثة المتضررين من إعصار تيج في حصوين بالمهرة |url=https://almahriah.net/local/32614 |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=المهرية نت |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024232806/https://almahriah.net/local/32614 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |date=25 October 2023 |title=Tropical cyclone kills two, displaces 10,000 in Yemen |work=[[Al Arabiya]] |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/10/25/Tropical-cyclone-kills-two-displaces-10-000-in-Yemen- |access-date=27 October 2023}}</ref>
==== Southern India ====
Rains and strong winds from Amphan swept across many districts in [[Kerala]] beginning on 16&nbsp;May.<ref name="HeavyRainsKerala">{{cite news |last1=N. |first1=Smitha |title=Cyclone Amphan intensifies, heavy rains in Kerala |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/180520/cyclone-amphan-to-intensify-into-super-cyclone-by-evening-mha.html |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=Deccan Chronicle |date=18 May 2020 |location=Kochi, India}}</ref> Thunderstorms associated with Amphan caused severe [[coastal erosion]] in the [[Valiyathura]] suburb of [[Thiruvananthapuram]], damaging roads and destroying homes and threatening to displace over a hundred families from their homes.<ref name="AmphanRavagesCoast">{{cite news |last1=Mohan |first1=Shainu |title=Super Cyclone Amphan ravages coast |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2020/may/20/super-cyclone-amphan-ravages-coast-2145417.html |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |agency=Express News Service |date=20 May 2020 }}</ref> Strong winds inflicted severe damage in [[Kottayam district]], especially in [[Vaikom]] taluk, where homes and temples were impacted and trees and electric poles were downed.<ref name="VaikomBadlyHit" /> The tiled roof of the [[Vaikom Temple|Vaikom Mahadeva Temple]] was damaged by these winds. A [[Indian rupee|₹]]1.47&nbsp;billion (US$19.3&nbsp;million) damage toll resulted from the destruction of 16&nbsp;homes and the partial damage of 313&nbsp;homes.<ref name="SufferDamageStormKerala">{{cite news |title=Temples, houses suffer damage in storm in Kerala |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/temples-houses-suffer-damage-in-storm-in-kerala-839111.html |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=Deccan Herald |agency=Deccan Herald News Service |publisher=The Printers |date=18 May 2020 |location=Thiruvananthapuram, India}}</ref> A high school used as a homeless shelter collapsed, causing minor injuries.<ref name="VaikomBadlyHit">{{cite news |title=Strong winds wreak havoc in Kottayam; Vaikom badly hit |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2020/may/19/strong-winds-wreak-havoc-in-kottayam-vaikom-badly-hit-2145091.html |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |agency=Express News Service |date=19 May 2020 }}</ref>


The cyclone has killed at least two people as well as 150 injuries and displaced around 10,000 others.<ref name=":5" />
Tamil Nadu faced some impact from the cyclone. Heavy winds damaged at least 100&nbsp;boats anchored in the [[Ramanathapuram district]].<ref name="100BoatsDamaged">{{cite news |title=100 boats damaged in heavy winds |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/100-boats-damaged-in-heavy-winds/article31615599.ece |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Hindu |publisher=THG Publishing |date=18 May 2020 |location=Rameswarm, India}}</ref> Coastal erosion from rough seas generated by Amphan led to the collapse of three houses at Bommayarpalayam in [[Viluppuram district]].<ref name="ThreeHousesCollapseTN">{{cite news |last1=Marx |first1=Karal |title=Cyclone Amphan: Three houses collapse in TN due to coastal erosion |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/cyclone-amphan-three-houses-collapse-in-tn-due-to-coastal-erosion/articleshow/75828461.cms |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |agency=Bennett, Coleman & Company |date=19 May 2020 }}</ref> Roughly 35&nbsp;acres of banana crops around [[Gandarvakottai]] and [[Aranthangi]] were destroyed.<ref name="TamilNaduBanana">{{cite news |title=Tamil Nadu reports widespread destruction of Banana crops after strong winds and rain hit coastal districts |url=http://www.newsonair.com/News?title=Tamil-Nadu-reports-widespread-destruction-of-Banana-crops-after-strong-winds-and-rain-hit-coastal-districts&id=389022 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=All India Radio |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> Northern areas of the state have heatwave-like conditions for a week because Amphan took all of the area's moisture.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chennai braces for heatwave due to super cyclone Amphan, mercury breaches 40-degree mark|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2020/may/19/chennai-braces-for-heatwave-due-to-super-cyclone-amphan-mercury-breaches-40-degree-mark-2145375.html|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=21 May 2020}}</ref>


== See also ==
In Sooradapeta, near [[Kakinada]] in Andhra Pradesh, rough seas destroyed 35&nbsp;homes and damaged several others.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Hindu|date=20 May 2020|access-date=20 May 2020|title=Fishermen hamlet reels under Amphan impact|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/fishermen-hamlet-reels-under-amphan-impact/article31636285.ece}}</ref>
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
* [[Weather of 2023]]
* [[Tropical cyclones in 2023]]
* [[Deep Depression ARB 02 (2008)]]
* [[Cyclone Chapala]] (2015)
* [[Cyclone Megh]] (2015)
* [[Cyclone Mekunu]] (2018)


=== Bangladesh ===
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[File:Amphan 2020-05-20 0730Z.jpg|thumb|right|Satellite image of Amphan making landfall on West Bengal on 20&nbsp;May|alt=Satellite image of Amphan showing its curved rainbands|297x297px]]
Officials feared Amphan would be the deadliest storm in Bangladesh since [[Cyclone Sidr]] in [[2007 North Indian cyclone season|2007]], which killed about 3,500 people. The IMD predicted a storm surge as high as {{convert|3|–|5|m|ft}}.<ref name="KolkataDevastatedScores">{{cite news |title=Amphan: Kolkata devastated as cyclone kills scores in India and Bangladesh |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52749935 |access-date=22 May 2020 |publisher=BBC |date=21 May 2020}}</ref> Over a million people were affected by Amphan across nine districts in the divisions of [[Khulna Division|Khulna]] and [[Barisal Division|Barisal]], with the cyclone causing an estimated [[Bangladeshi taka|Tk]]11&nbsp;billion (US$130&nbsp;million) in damage;<ref name="InflictsMassive">{{cite news |last1=Roy |first1=Pianki |last2=Hasan|first2=Rashidul|last3=Alamgir|first3=Mohiuddin |title=Amphan inflicts massive damage|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/amphan-inflicts-massive-damage-1904977 |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> the Bangladeshi government predicted that the country could incur a US$1.5&nbsp;billion damage toll.<ref name="KolkataDevastatedScores" /> At least twenty people died in storm-related incidents, including the Cyclone Preparedness Programme leader of unit no. 6 in Dhankhali union Shah Alam, who drowned when his boat capsized.<ref name="DhakaTrib_1">{{cite news|first1=Tauhid|last1=Zaman|last2=Jessore|first3=Arif|last3=Mostafa|last4=Pirojpur|first5=Asaduzzaman|last5=Sardar|last6=Satkhira|first7=Nazmul|last7=Nasim|last8=Bogra|first9=Bijoy|last9=Dhar|last10=Rangamati|newspaper=Dhaka Tribune|date=21 May 2020|access-date=21 May 2020|title=Cyclone Amphan weakens as death toll rises to 20|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2020/05/21/cyclone-amphan-slows-down-moves-towards-rajshahi-region}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Body of Cyclone Preparedness Programme leader recovered after boat capsize|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/body-of-cyclone-amphan-preparedness-programme-leader-recovered-after-boat-capsize-1904467|date=2020-05-20|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2020-05-22}}</ref> Damaging effects began in Bangladesh prior to the landfall of Amphan as coastal water levels rose.<ref name="Reuters10" /> Collapsed embankments led to the inundation of 17&nbsp;villages across [[Galachipa Upazila|Galachipa]], [[Kalapara Upazila|Kalapara]], and [[Rangabali Upazila|Rangabali]].<ref name="DhakaTrib_1"/> A ship evacuating residents of a coastal community sank, killing one person.<ref name="AlreadyAKiller">{{cite news |last1=Zargar |first1=R. |title=Huge Cyclone Amphan slams into India's coast, and it's already a killer |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/cyclone-amphan-landfall-india-death-bangladesh-today-2020-05-20/ |access-date=23 May 2020 |work=CBS News |date=20 May 2020 |location=New Delhi, India}}</ref> [[Storm surge]] destroyed at least 500&nbsp;homes on an island within the [[Noakhali District]].<ref name="Reuters10">{{cite news|first1=Subrata|last1=Nagchoudhary|first2=Ruma|last2=Paul|work=Reuters|date=20 May 2020|access-date=20 May 2020|title=Cyclone kills 14 in India, Bangladesh leaving trail of destruction|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-asia-storm-india/cyclone-kills-14-in-india-bangladesh-leaving-trail-of-destruction-idUSKBN22W0MT}}</ref>


==External links==
Winds in Satkhira topped out at {{cvt|151|km/h}}.<ref name="SlamsCoast" /> Nearly 220,000&nbsp;homes were damaged, of which 55,667 were destroyed, rendering an estimated 500,000&nbsp;people homeless according to the [[United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs]].<ref name="InflictsMassive" /><ref name="Estimated132Billion">{{cite news |last1=Sud |first1=Vedika |last2=Rajaram |first2=Prema |title=Cyclone Amphan caused an estimated $13.2 billion in damage in India's West Bengal: government source |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/22/weather/cyclone-amphan-damage-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=23 May 2020 |publisher=CNN |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> A {{convert|2.7|m|ft|abbr=on}} [[storm surge]] breached {{cvt|150|km}} of embankments, leading to the inundation of roughly 100&nbsp;villages.<ref name="InflictsMassive" /><ref name="SlamsCoast" /> In Purba Durgabati, part of a [[levee]] was washed away by floodwaters up to {{convert|4|m|ft|abbr=off}} high, causing 600 houses to be inundated.<ref name="EverythingGone">{{cite news |title='Everything is gone': Cyclone Amphan destroys Bangladesh villages |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/international/everything-is-gone-cyclone-amphan-destroys-bangladesh-villages-840298.html |access-date=21 May 2020 |work=Deccan Herald |agency=Agence France-Presse |date=21 May 2020}}</ref> Low-lying areas in Barishal were submerged {{convert|0.9|–|1.2|m|ft|abbr=on}} under water. Flooded rivers affected parts of [[Rangabali Upazila|Rangabali]] and [[Galachipa Upazila|Galachipa]] upazilas in [[Patuakhali]] district and parts of Khulna district.<ref name="SlamsCoast" /> Three hundred shelters in Cox's Bazar were damaged by flooding and landslides.<ref name="WestBengalSeeksIndianArmy">{{cite news |last1=Brokaw |first1=Sommer |title=Cyclone Amphan: West Bengal seeks Indian army's support |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2020/05/23/Cyclone-Amphan-West-Bengal-seeks-Indian-armys-support/1011590245356/ |access-date=25 May 2020 |work=United Press International |date=23 May 2020}}</ref> All 65&nbsp;freshwater ponds in the Sundarbans were inundated by saltwater and numerous [[kewra]] trees were uprooted;<ref name="InflictsMassive" /> however, damage to the mangrove forest was less than initially feared.<ref name="FloodsCoastalDistricts">{{cite news |title=Cyclone floods coastal districts of Bangladesh, damages thousands of homes |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/05/21/cyclone-floods-coastal-districts-of-bangladesh-damages-thousands-of-homes |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=21 May 2020}}</ref> Across 26&nbsp;districts, approximately {{cvt|1100|km}} of roads and over 200&nbsp;bridges were damaged.<ref name="BangladeshIncursLoss129">{{cite news |title=Bangladesh incurs loss worth $129 million due to Cyclone Amphan |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/international/article/bangladesh-incurs-loss-worth-129-million-due-to-cyclone-amphan/596148 |access-date=25 May 2020 |work=TimesNowNews.com |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |publisher=Bennett Coleman & Company |date=23 May 2020 |location=Dhaka, Bangladesh}}</ref>
*{{Commons category-inline}}


{{2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season buttons}}
The [[Department of Fisheries (Bangladesh)|Department of Fisheries]] estimated that Tk2.17&nbsp;billion (US$25.6&nbsp;million) in losses to crab, finfish, and shrimp were sustained by 40,800&nbsp;farmers due primarily to the flooding of farms. These losses were most significant in Khulna and Barisal.<ref name="CoastalFarmersBrunt" /> Floods severely damaged or destroyed around 3,000 shrimp and crab farms.<ref name="EverythingGone" /> An estimated {{convert|176,000|ha|acre|abbr=off}} of farmland were affected by Amphan according to the Ministry of Agriculture, with mango farmers in Sathkhira taking the brunt of the agricultural impacts;<ref name="CoastalFarmersBrunt" /> the [[Department of Agricultural Extension]] estimated that Amphan damaged 16&nbsp;percent of Bangladesh's annual mango production,<ref name="MangoGrowersHitHard">{{cite news |last1=Ali|first1=Anwar|title=Mango growers hit hard by cyclone |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/mango-growers-hit-hard-cyclone-1904974 |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> while as much as 70&nbsp;percent of mangoes in Sathkhira were damaged.<ref name="CoastalFarmersBrunt" /> [[Boro rice]] paddies, beans, and [[betel]] also sustained significant losses due to Amphan.<ref name="CoastalFarmersBrunt">{{cite news |last1=Parvez |first1=Sohel |title=Coastal farmers take the brunt |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/coastal-farmers-take-the-brunt-1905004 |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> Amphan left 22&nbsp;million electricity customers without power. Roughly 2,500&nbsp;phone towers operated by the [[Association of Mobile Telecom Operators of Bangladesh]] were disabled by the cyclone.<ref name="DisruptsTelecoms">{{cite news |last1=Ahamed |first1=Shamim |title=Cyclone Amphan disrupts telecoms connectivity amid power outages in Bangladesh |url=https://bdnews24.com/business/2020/05/21/cyclone-amphan-disrupts-telecoms-connectivity-amid-power-outages-in-bangladesh |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=21 May 2020}}</ref>

===Sri Lanka===
The cyclone produced heavy rainfall and strong winds in Sri Lanka while intensifying east of the island, affecting some 2,000&nbsp;people and triggering floods and landslides.<ref name="HeavyRainsSWSriLanka">{{cite news |title=Heavy rains in South-west Sri Lanka due to 'AMPHAN' |url=https://www.newsradio.lk/justin/south-west-sri-lanka-to-receive-heavy-rains-due-to-amphan/ |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=TNLRN News Radio |publisher=News Radio |date=18 May 2020}}</ref><ref name="2KilledOver2000Affected" /> Minor flooding occurred along the banks of the [[Kalu Ganga]].<ref name="RatnapuraAffected">{{cite news |title=Ratnapura affected the most by inclement weather; 2 deaths reported |url=http://www.adaderana.lk/news/63860/ratnapura-affected-the-most-by-inclement-weather-2-deaths-reported- |access-date=20 May 2020 |publisher=Ada Derana |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> Two people were killed as a result of these rains in [[Ratnapura District]], with one killed by a landslide and another by a fallen tree. Landslide-related injuries hospitalized other residents in the area.<ref name="RainsWreakHavocSriLanka" /> Two people were killed in [[Kegalle]], where {{cvt|214|mm|in}} of rain fell in 24&nbsp;hours.<ref name="AdverseWeatherClaimsTwoLives">{{cite news |last1=Borham |first1=Maneshka |title=Adverse weather claims two lives |url=http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2020/05/17/news/adverse-weather-claims-two-lives |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=Sunday Observer |publisher=The Associated Newspapers of Ceylon |date=17 May 2020 |archive-date=18 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518220949/http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2020/05/17/news/adverse-weather-claims-two-lives |url-status=live }}</ref> Flash floods in Kottampitiya and [[Pelmadulla Divisional Secretariat|Pelmadulla]] prompted the evacuation of 60&nbsp;people from homes susceptible to a possible landslide.<ref name="RainsWreakHavocSriLanka">{{cite news |last1=Fernando |first1=Asiri |title=Rains wreak havoc, claim two lives |url=http://www.ft.lk/news/Rains-wreak-havoc-claim-two-lives/56-700487 |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=Daily FT |publisher=Wijeya Newspapers |date=18 May 2020}}</ref> Over 500&nbsp;homes were damaged by Amphan,<ref name="2KilledOver2000Affected">{{cite news |title=2 killed, over 2,000 affected by heavy rains in Sri Lanka |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-05/18/c_139067033.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603202919/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-05/18/c_139067033.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 June 2020 |access-date=20 May 2020 |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=18 May 2020 |location=Colombo, Sri Lanka}}</ref> of which 145 were in [[Polonnaruwa]].<ref name="Amphan900KM">{{cite news |title=Amphan 900km away from Sri Lanka, now Super Cyclonic Storm |url=https://economynext.com/amphan-900km-away-from-sri-lanka-now-super-cyclonic-storm-70098/ |access-date=20 May 2020 |work=EconomyNext |date=19 May 2020}}</ref>

===Bhutan===
[[File:Amphan 2020.gif|thumb|left|Amphan weakening over Bangladesh as unsettled weather extends into Bhutan]]

The remnants of Amphan produced several days of unsettled weather across Bhutan, with the [[Tsirang District]] in particular seeing three days of heavy rain. Landslides and rockfalls across the nation blocked roadways and damaged homes. Flash flooding in Threna damaged crops and prompted the evacuation of five households. Seventeen yaks and horses died across [[Lingzhi Gewog|Lingzhi]], [[Naro Gewog|Naro]], and [[Soe Gewog|Soe]] gewogs.<ref>{{cite news|first=Chimi|last=Dema|newspaper=Kuensel|date=23 May 2020|access-date=26 May 2020|title=Incessant rainfall cause damage in Tsirang |url=https://kuenselonline.com/incessant-rainfall-cause-damage-in-tsirang/}}</ref> Stemming from damage to [[fibre-optic cable]]s in Kolkata, [[Bhutan Telecom]] saw a total loss of service for 17&nbsp;hours on 20–21&nbsp;May and TashiCell saw a 60&nbsp;percent outage.<ref>{{cite news|first=Younten|last=Tshedup|newspaper=Kuensel|date=22 May 2020|access-date=26 May 2020|title=Cyclone Amphan disrupts internet connectivity|url=https://kuenselonline.com/cyclone-amphan-disrupts-internet-connectivity/}}</ref> Power outages occurred in Drepong, Gongdu, [[Jurmey Gewog|Jurmey]], [[Kengkhar Gewog|Kengkhar]], and [[Silambi Gewog|Silambi]] gewogs. Rainfall proved beneficial for the country's hydroelectric power production with the [[Energy in Bhutan#Mangdechhu Hydroelectric Project|Mangdechhu hydroelectric plant]] producing 791.39&nbsp;[[Megawatts|MW]] of power, more than its intended capacity of 720&nbsp;MW.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Kuensel|date=22 May 2020|access-date=26 May 2020|title=Amphan spares Bhutan|url=https://kuenselonline.com/amphan-spares-bhutan/}}</ref>
{{clear}}

== Aftermath ==
[[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi makes an aerial survey of Amphan Cyclone affected areas in West Bengal, on May 22, 2020 (1).jpg|thumb|Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] making an aerial survey of Cyclone Amphan affected areas of West Bengal on 22 May 2020.]]
[[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi holds review meeting with the officials at Basirhat, West Bengal after his aerial survey of the Amphan Cyclone affected areas in the state, on May 22, 2020 (3).jpg|thumb|Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] with [[West Bengal]] Chief Minister [[Mamata Banerjee]], held a review meeting after the aerial survey of the Cyclone Amphan affected areas of West Bengal, in [[Basirhat]] on 22 May 2020.]]
On 22&nbsp;May, Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] conducted an aerial survey over Kolkata, along with [[West Bengal]] Chief Minister [[Mamata Banerjee]].<ref>{{cite news |title=In PM Modi's aerial survey of cyclone-hit Bengal, CM Mamata a co-traveller |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/in-pm-modi-s-aerial-survey-of-cyclone-hit-bengal-cm-mamata-a-co-traveller/story-4UceFk4iXK4IIsC6Bqj6PN.html |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> Modi announced a ₹10&nbsp;billion (US$132&nbsp;million) immediate relief package for West Bengal and ₹5&nbsp;billion (US$66.2&nbsp;million) in relief for Odisha.<ref name="WB_Relief">{{cite news |title=PM Modi announces Rs 1,000 cr immediate relief for Cyclone Amphan-hit Bengal |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pm-modi-announces-rs-1-000-cr-immediate-relief-for-cyclone-amphan-hit-bengal/story-kmshOClDcFNqLUjubNxUVJ.html |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=22 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=PM Modi announces Rs 500 crore advance relief for cyclone-hit Odisha |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pm-modi-announces-rs-500-crore-advance-relief-for-cyclone-hit-odisha/story-dtYl3tTrOAnaHXhi5Mh1cJ.html |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=22 May 2020}}</ref> In advance, Modi announced that ₹200,000 (US$2,650) would be provided to the next of kin of people who died during the storm, and ₹50,000 (US$660) would be given to each injured person.<ref name="WB_Relief"/> Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee stated that it would take three to four days to assess the damage.<ref name="TracksForKolkata">{{cite news |last1=Regan |first1=Helen |last2=Westcott |first2=Ben |last3=Sud |first3=Vedika |last4=Suri |first4=Manveena |last5=Reynolds |first5=Emma |title=Cyclone Amphan makes landfall in India and tracks for Kolkata |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/20/weather/super-cyclone-amphan-india-banglash-evacuations-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=23 May 2020 |publisher=CNN |date=20 May 2020}}</ref> Twenty disaster relief teams were dispatched by the Indian Coast Guard to begin search and rescue operations.<ref name="TracksForKolkata" /> Ten teams were sent to West Bengal to aid recovery, in addition to the NDRF teams pre-positioned there before Amphan's passage.<ref name="ProtestsEruptAsBengalReels" /> Approximately 1,000&nbsp;ground teams worked to restore infrastructure and services in West Bengal after Amphan, though only 25–30&nbsp;percent of workers were staffed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.<ref name="MamataPegs" /> The resulting slow restoration of power sparked protests across West Bengal aimed primarily at electricity company [[CESC Limited|CESC]].<ref name="ArmyDeployedWestBengal" /> Some restoration efforts were disrupted by these protests.<ref name="AgitatedMobObstructs">{{cite news |title=Agitated mob obstructs telecom restoration work in Amphan-hit areas of West Bengal |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/east-and-northeast/agitated-mob-obstructs-telecom-restoration-work-in-amphan-hit-areas-of-west-bengal-841204.html |access-date=25 May 2020 |work=Deccan Herald |agency=Press Trust of India |publisher=The Printers |location=Kolkata, India}}</ref> The [[Department of Home (West Bengal)|Home Department]] of West Bengal requested additional crews from railway and port interest, while five brigades from the Indian Army were deployed in Kolkata and the 24&nbsp;Parganas districts to support recovery efforts.<ref name="ProtestsEruptAsBengalReels">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan: Protests erupt as Bengal reels under storm aftermath; Army deployed for restoration work |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/cyclone-amphan-ndrf-army-mamata-banerjee-restoration-work-6424209/ |access-date=25 May 2020 |work=The Indian Express |date=23 May 2020}}</ref><ref name="ArmyDeployedWestBengal">{{cite news |last1=Dutt |first1=Ishita Ayan |title=After devastation from cyclone Amphan, Army deployed in West Bengal |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/after-devastation-from-cyclone-amphan-army-deployed-in-west-bengal-120052301215_1.html |access-date=24 May 2020 |work=Business Standard |date=23 May 2020}}</ref> Additional assistance was requested from Jharkhand and Odisha.<ref name="MamataPegs" /> The government of Odisha sent 500&nbsp;members of its disaster rapid action force and fire service to West Bengal.<ref name="ProtestsEruptAsBengalReels" /> Odisha Chief Minister [[Naveen Patnaik]] performed an aerial survey of the damage in his state following Amphan.<ref name="ProcessLastFourHours" />

The [[European Union]] stated that it would initially provide €500,000 (US$545,000) for those affected by the storm in India.<ref name="ProtestsEruptAsBengalReels"/>

The Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief in Bangladesh approved a ৳2.5–3&nbsp;billion (US$29–35&nbsp;million) budget to repair embankments damaged by Amphan. Another ৳1.5&nbsp;billion (US$18&nbsp;million) was distributed to each district heavily impacted by the storm, along with 500&nbsp;bundles of corrugated tin sheets.<ref name="Tk11bnOff">{{cite news |title=Cyclone Amphan wipes Tk 11bn off Bangladesh, government says |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/05/21/cyclone-amphan-wipes-tk-11bn-off-bangladesh-government-says |access-date=22 May 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=21 May 2020}}</ref> [[International development]] organisation [[BRAC (organisation)|BRAC]] disbursed ৳30&nbsp;million (US$350,000) to low-income families in 10&nbsp;[[upazila]]s, with ৳5,000 (US$60) per family. The organisation also distributed gloves, masks, and sanitizers to Bagerhat, Khulna, and Satkhira districts.<ref name="BracAllocates">{{cite news |title=Brac allocates Tk3 crore for 6,000 households affected by cyclone Amphan |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2020/05/23/brac-allocates-tk3-crore-for-6-000-amphan-affected-households |access-date=23 May 2020 |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=23 May 2020}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones|India|Bangladesh}}
*[[Tropical cyclones in 2020]]
*[[1999 Odisha cyclone]]
*[[Cyclone Gonu]] (2007)
*[[Cyclone Sidr]] (2007)
*[[Cyclone Aila]] (2009)
*[[Cyclone Phailin]] (2013)
*[[Cyclone Fani]] (2019)
*[[Cyclone Kyarr]] (2019)
*[[Cyclone Matmo–Bulbul]] (2019)
*[[Cyclone Yaas]] (2021)
*[[Cyclone Jawad]] (2021)
*[[Cyclone Mocha]] (2023)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[https://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/tcdat/tc20/IO/01B.AMPHAN/ 01B.AMPHAN] from the United States Naval Research Laboratory
*[https://reliefweb.int/disaster/tc-2020-000136-mmr Tropical Cyclone Amphan - May 2020] from ReliefWeb
*{{YouTube|id=gREsI9xjEsQ|title=Disaster footage}}
{{2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season buttons}}
{{Disasters in India in 2020}}
{{Super Cyclonic Storms}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Amphan}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tej}}
[[Category:2020 disasters in India]]
[[Category:2023 meteorology]]
[[Category:2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
[[Category:2023 in Oman]]
[[Category:May 2020 events in Asia]]
[[Category:2023 in Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Super cyclonic storms]]
[[Category:2023 in Yemen]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2020]]
[[Category:2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
[[Category:2020 in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:October 2023 events in Asia]]
[[Category:2020 in Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2023]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in India]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in Oman]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in Yemen]]

Revision as of 07:02, 28 October 2023

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej
Cyclone Tej at its peak intensity off the coast of Socotra early on October 22
Meteorological history
FormedOctober 20, 2023
DissipatedOctober 24, 2023
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
3-minute sustained (IMD)
Highest winds175 km/h (110 mph)
Highest gusts205 km/h (125 mph)
Lowest pressure959 hPa (mbar); 28.32 inHg
Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds205 km/h (125 mph)
Highest gusts230 km/h (145 mph)
Lowest pressure956 hPa (mbar); 28.23 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities2
MissingUnknown
DamageUnknown
Areas affectedSocotra, Yemen, Oman, Saudi Arabia

Part of the 2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej is a tropical cyclone that formed over the central-south Arabian Sea and made landfall on Socotra and Yemen. It was the first cyclone to make landfall in the nation since Cyclone Luban of 2018.[1] The sixth depression and the third named cyclonic storm of the season,[2] Tej formed along with Cyclone Hamoon, a rare phenomenon in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal in which they both experience cyclonic storms.[3] The cyclone then took a west-northwestward track in the Arabian Sea and made landfall in Al Mahrah Governorate of Yemen between 23 and 24 October 2023, bringing significant rainfall and flooding across the eastern half of the country and western parts of Oman.[4][5][6][7][8]

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On October 16, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) began monitoring the potential for the formation of cyclonic circulation in the Arabian Sea.[9] In Arabian Sea, the relatively high sea surface temperature, pointing to positive Indian Ocean Dipole, created the favourable conditions for tropical cyclogenesis.[10] A cyclonic circulation formed over the Arabian Sea on the 16th October.[9] A low-pressure area formed as a result of the cyclonic circulation on morning of 18th October. It intensified further on October 20, becoming a deep depression. On the same day, the system intensified into a Cyclonic Storm, receiving the name Tej.

Preparations

Oman

Oman's Salalah port was planned to be temporarily shut from October 22, in response to Tej's expected arrival.[11]

The Oman News Agency reported the country's authorities' decision to grant a holiday to employees in the public and private sectors, in the Dhofar Governorate, and the Al Jazir Wilayat in the Al Wusta Governorate, due to the expected effects of Cyclone Tej.[12]

Oman's National Committee for Emergency Situations Management evacuated residents from the Hallaniyat Islands and coastal regions in the states of Salalah, Rakhyut and Dhalkot.[13] Shelters and accommodation for 15,000 people were prepared in the Dhofar Governorate.[14]

Flights between Muscat and Salalah airports were increased to facilitate movement during the cyclone.[15]

Yemen

The Yemeni Coast Guard in the Hadhramaut Governorate announced that it was taking precautionary measures in anticipation of the arrival of Tej.[16][17] In Shabwah Governorate, fishermen were warned not to go into the sea and were told to take necessary precautions.[18] In Al Mahrah Governorate, The Office of Education in Al-Mahra also announced the closure of schools in the governorate due to Tej.[19] President Rashid al-Alimi contacted the governorates of Hadhramout, Mahra, and Socotra and directed the government to support the efforts of the local authorities in preparing for the arrival of Tej.[17] Authorities in eastern Yemen declared a state of emergency, suspended schools and told fishermen stay home.[20] The warning also prompted Yemeni authorities in Hadramout, Mahra, Shabwa and Socotra to declare a state of emergency and issue regular updates to the public.[20] Fishermen were ordered not to go to sea and were also told to empty their docked boats and move the vessels to safer locations, and people living in low-lying areas advised to move their cars and other possessions to safety.[20] Hadramout Governor Mabkhout bin Madhi set up a committee to oversee preparations for rescue and storm relief operations,[20] while the neighbouring governorate of Al Mahrah, set up an emergency committee to make plans for schools to house people forced to leave their homes in the event of severe damage from the cyclone.[20]

Impact

Oman

Cyclone Tej struck Oman's Dhofar Governorate, with the National Multi-Hazards Early Warning Centre indicating an intensification of the cyclone. Expect heavy to very heavy rainfall (100-300 mm), leading to flooding in valleys and high waves (6-12 meters) on the Arabian Sea coast. The cyclone featured wind speeds around its centre of 95-110 knots. It came ashore near the coast of Dhofar on the evening of 23rd October and the following morning, bringing heavy rain, strong winds (50-70 knots), and rough seas.[21][22]

Tropical rain clouds affected Dhofar Governorate, bringing varying levels of rainfall to Salalah, Sadah, Mirbat, and Taqah. Additionally, rough seas with waves ranging from 6 to 12 meters were expected along the Arabian Sea coast, posing a danger to coastal areas and creeks.[22]

United Arab Emirates

Heavy rains hit parts of the UAE on October 22. Massive flooding was reported in an area south of Shawka, which is a town near the Oman border.[23]

On October 25, flooding occurred in the Al Faya region in Sharjah, which is located towards the east of UAE. Hailstones fell in an area north of Fujairah with mountainous roads flooded with rainwater.[24]

Yemen

Socotra

File:Cyclone Tej in socotra.jpg
Damages of the cyclone in Socotra

On October 22, Tej caused rough weather and torrential rains in Socotra, along with reported high waves, floods and landslides.[25] Torrential rain on Saturday caused flooding on the island of Socotra as the cyclone made landfall.[20] The flooding led to some roads in the governorate's capital city of Hadibu being cut, along with other areas in the archipelago. The Socotra Airport recorded 13 mm (0.51 in) of rain, with wind speeds reaching 25 kn (45 km/h; 30 mph) and gusts exceeding 25 kn (45 km/h; 30 mph).[26]

There was damage as a result of rain and wind, related to the blocking of roads and the bulldozing of farms, and the demolition of parts of some homes, and one injury was recorded in Qalansiyah District.[27] Over 500 homes on the island sustained damage from the cyclone, displacing 192 households primarily in Qulensya wa Abd al Kuri District. Two people suffered minor injuries.[28]

Mainland

File:Cyclone Tej in almahra.jpg
Damages of the cyclone in Al Mahra

The Yemen Red Crescent Society in Al-Mahra Governorate has initiated evacuations due to Cyclone Tej.[29] They've collaborated with the army, security forces, and health teams to move affected families to shelter centers amidst heavy rain and strong winds.[29] Additionally, they've appealed to the Presidential Council, government, and Arab coalition for aircraft assistance to rescue flood-stranded individuals in Al-Ghaydah District, including Al-Ibri, Haft Al-Sada, Kalshat, and other areas.[29]

The storm has flooded roads, submerged cars and forced Yemen Red Crescent volunteers in Al Mahra to temporarily suspend operations.[30][31][32]

The cyclone has killed at least two people as well as 150 injuries and displaced around 10,000 others.[32]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Cyclone Tej to Intensify Into a Severe Cyclonic Storm This Weekend! | Weather.com". The Weather Channel. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  2. ^ "The Emergence of Tropical Cyclone 'Tej' in the Arabian Sea". BNN Breaking. 20 November 2019. Archived from the original on 25 July 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  3. ^ "Cyclone Tej And Hamoon: Rare Twin Storms Brewing Near India". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  4. ^ "Yemen: Flash Update #1 - Cyclone Tej, 24 October 2023 [EN/AR] - Yemen | ReliefWeb". 25 October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  5. ^ "Weather tracker: Tropical Cyclone Tej approaches Yemen". The Guardian. 23 October 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  6. ^ "Cyclone 'Tej' likely to make landfall between Yemen & Oman on Oct 25". Hindustan Times. 21 October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  7. ^ "Arabian Sea: Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej tracking west-northwestward towards Yemen as of Oct. 21 /update 1". Arabian Sea: Severe Cyclonic Storm Tej tracking west-northwestward towards Yemen as of Oct. 21 /update 1 | Crisis24. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  8. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Tej". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 23 October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  9. ^ a b Tropical Weather Outlook For North Indian Ocean (The Bay Of Bengal and the Arabian Sea) Valid for Next 168 Hours Issued at 0600 UTC of 17.10.2023 Based on 0300 UTC of 17.10.2023 (PDF) (Report). New Delhi, India: Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre - Tropical Cyclones, India Meteorological Department. 17 October 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  10. ^ Kallungal, Dhinesh (16 October 2023). "First post-monsoon cyclone of 2023 brewing over Arabian Sea". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  11. ^ "Oman's Salalah port to be temporarily closed starting from Sunday due to Cyclone Tej | Al Arabiya English". Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  12. ^ الدمام, اليوم- (22 October 2023). "إعصار تيج يفرض الإجازة في عُمان". alyaum (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  13. ^ Paul, Ajanta. "2-day holiday declared for public, private sectors in Oman's Dhofar region due to Cyclone Tej". Khaleej Times. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  14. ^ Anwer, Laraib Tariq. "Watch: Residents evacuated as cyclone approaches Salalah; heavy rains batter Oman". Khaleej Times. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  15. ^ Desk, Web. "Residents to be evacuated, flights increased: Oman's crisis management gears up for Cyclone Tej". Khaleej Times. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  16. ^ "تدابير احترازية في اليمن للحد من تأثيرات إعصار "تيج"". Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  17. ^ a b الحدث, عدن تايم-نُبقيك مع. "اخبار وتقارير - عاجل / مركز الإنذار يؤكد تحول العاصفة "تيج" إلى إعصار من الدرجة الأولى". www.aden-tm.net (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  18. ^ الحدث, عدن تايم-نُبقيك مع. "اخبار وتقارير - أول تحذير في شبوة بشأن إعصار تيج". www.aden-tm.net (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  19. ^ "عاجل : ايقاف العملية التعليمية في المهرة بسبب اعصار تيج". عدن الغد (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  20. ^ a b c d e f "Schools close, fishermen seek shelter as Yemen braces for cyclone". Arab News. 21 October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  21. ^ "Archived copy". alwatan.kuwait.tt. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  22. ^ a b وكالات (24 October 2023). ""إعصار تيج" يتراجع في سلطنة عُمان وطوارئ في اليمن". جريدة المدينة (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  23. ^ Desk, Web. "Watch: Heavy rain, hail batter UAE; residents warned of 'hazardous weather' as Cyclone Tej deepens". Khaleej Times. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  24. ^ Desk, Web. "Watch: Gushing waters in Sharjah as UAE rains continue for 8th day". Khaleej Times. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2023. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  25. ^ خاص, رصد. "الأرصاد: تزايد شدة العاصفة "تيج" لتصل إلى عاصفة عاتية". المهرية نت. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  26. ^ خاص. "سيول جارفة في سقطرى تأثرا بإعصار تيج". المهرية نت. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  27. ^ خاص. "مشاهد ما بعد إعصار تيج في سقطرى... خسائر طفيفة وأرض تحولت إلى مروجاً وأنهاراً". المهرية نت. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  28. ^ "Yemen: Flash Update #1 - Cyclone Tej, 24 October 2023" (PDF). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 23 October 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2023 – via ReliefWeb.
  29. ^ a b c خاص. "الهلال الأحمر اليمني: إجلاء الأسر المتضررة من إعصار تيج في المهرة وسط ظروف صعبة". المهرية نت. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  30. ^ خاص. "المهرة..حالة وفاة وتهدم 10 منازل جراء الإعصار في حصوين". المهرية نت. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  31. ^ خاصة, متابعات. "مسؤول محلي يوجه نداء لإغاثة المتضررين من إعصار تيج في حصوين بالمهرة". المهرية نت. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  32. ^ a b "Tropical cyclone kills two, displaces 10,000 in Yemen". Al Arabiya. 25 October 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.