Battle of Balakot: Difference between revisions
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| status = |
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| combatant1 = [[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|32px]] [[Sikh Empire]] |
| combatant1 = [[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|32px]] [[Sikh Empire]] |
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| strength1 = 5,000<ref name=gupta/>–12,000<ref name=Naqvi>{{Cite book|last=Naqvi|first=A.Q.|title=The Salafis (History of the Ahle Hadees Movement in India)|publisher=Al-Kitab International|year=2001|location=New Delhi|pages=132–139, 148}}</ref> |
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| strength2 = 2000–3000<ref name=gupta/> |
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| strength2 = 700<ref>{{Cite book |author=Altaf Qadir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hRlBDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT62 |title=Sayyid Ahmad Barailvi: His Movement and Legacy from the Pukhtun Perspective |date=2014 |publisher=SAGE Publishing India |isbn=978-93-5150-486-3 |language=en|page=144}} [[iarchive:sayyidahmadbarailvihismovementandlagacyfromthepukhtunperspectivebydr.altafqadir/page/n87/mode/2up|Archived]]</ref>–10,000<ref name=Naqvi/> irregular tribesmen |
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| casualties2 = 500<ref name=gupta/>–9,000<ref name=Naqvi/> |
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| combatant2 = [[File:Flag of Jihad.svg|32px]] [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi#Jihad movement and Islamic State|Mujahideen]] |
| combatant2 = [[File:Flag of Jihad.svg|32px]] [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi#Jihad movement and Islamic State|Mujahideen]] |
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| commander1 = [[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|29px]] [[Sher Singh]]<br/>[[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|29px]] [[Ilahi Bakhsh]]<br/>[[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|29px]] [[Akali Hanuman Singh]] |
| commander1 = [[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|29px]] [[Sher Singh]]<br/>[[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|29px]] [[Ilahi Bakhsh]]<br/>[[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|29px]] [[Akali Hanuman Singh]] |
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| commander2 = {{Nowrap|[[File:Flag of Jihad.svg|29px]] [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]]{{KIA}}}} <br/> [[File:Flag of Jihad.svg|29px]] [[Shah Ismail Dehlvi]]{{KIA}} <br/> [[File:Flag of Jihad.svg|29px]] Mirza Hayat Dehlvi{{KIA}}}} |
| commander2 = {{Nowrap|[[File:Flag of Jihad.svg|29px]] [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]]{{KIA}}}} <br/> [[File:Flag of Jihad.svg|29px]] [[Shah Ismail Dehlvi]]{{KIA}} <br/> [[File:Flag of Jihad.svg|29px]] Mirza Hayat Dehlvi{{KIA}}}} |
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The '''Battle of Balakot''' was fought between the forces of [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] and [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]] in [[Balakot]] on 6 May 1831. Barelvi had declared ''[[jihad]]'' against the [[Sikhs]] and established a camp in Balakot along with [[Shah Ismail Dehlvi]] and his tribesmen. Kanwar Sher Singh besieged the valley and attacked his camp at night. The battle lasted all day. The Sikh soldiers eventually killed Syed Ahmad Barelvi, along with hundreds of his followers.<ref>Ahmad, M. (1975). Saiyid Ahmad Shahid: His Life and Mission (No. 93). Lucknow: Academy of Islamic Research and Publications. Page 27.</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Adamec |first=Ludwig W. |title=Historical Dictionary of Islam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7_nPfLOj6MUC&pg=PA54 |year=2009 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6303-3}}</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Jalal |first=Ayesha |chapter=The Martyrs of Balakot |title=Partisans of Allah: Jihad in South Asia |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y7VVWhi9jGIC&pg=PA58 |year=2009 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-03907-0 |pages=58–113}}</ref><ref name=gupta>{{Cite book |author=Hari Ram Gupta|url=https://books.google.com/books?id= |
The '''Battle of Balakot''' was fought between the forces of [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] and [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]] in [[Balakot]] on 6 May 1831. Barelvi had declared ''[[jihad]]'' against the [[Sikhs]] and established a camp in Balakot along with [[Shah Ismail Dehlvi]] and his tribesmen. Kanwar Sher Singh besieged the valley and attacked his camp at night. The battle lasted all day. The Sikh soldiers eventually killed Syed Ahmad Barelvi, along with hundreds of his followers.<ref>Ahmad, M. (1975). Saiyid Ahmad Shahid: His Life and Mission (No. 93). Lucknow: Academy of Islamic Research and Publications. Page 27.</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Adamec |first=Ludwig W. |title=Historical Dictionary of Islam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7_nPfLOj6MUC&pg=PA54 |year=2009 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6303-3}}</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Jalal |first=Ayesha |chapter=The Martyrs of Balakot |title=Partisans of Allah: Jihad in South Asia |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y7VVWhi9jGIC&pg=PA58 |year=2009 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-03907-0 |pages=58–113}}</ref><ref name=gupta>{{Cite book |author=Hari Ram Gupta|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zwFDAAAAYAAJ |title=History of the Sikhs, Volume 5 |date=1991 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |isbn=9788121505406 |pages=166 |language=en}}[https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n177/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Balakot] </ref> |
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== Battle == |
== Battle == |
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In the battle, [[Shah Ismail Dehlvi]] was also killed by the Sikh soldiers.<ref name=britannica>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ranjit-Singh-Sikh-maharaja Profile of Sikh ruler Ranjit Singh on Encyclopedia Britannica] Retrieved 16 August 2018</ref> Thus, the battle was a victory for the Sikhs who had now added Balakot to their empire and extended the western border of the [[Sikh Empire]] deep into [[Afghans|Afghan]] territory which included Balakot and the whole of Mansehra District. After this major victory, the Sikhs turned their ambitions towards conquering [[Peshawar]] from the [[Afghans]].<ref name="sarsa">{{cite book|url=http://m.friendfeed-media.com/6e9ec7f58014456d2d5fd015cc8af9d2974509c0|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges|page=419|author=Jacques, Tony|year=2006|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=978-0-313-33536-5|access-date=13 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626120848/http://m.friendfeed-media.com/6e9ec7f58014456d2d5fd015cc8af9d2974509c0|archive-date=26 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
In the battle, [[Shah Ismail Dehlvi]] was also killed by the Sikh soldiers.<ref name=britannica>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ranjit-Singh-Sikh-maharaja Profile of Sikh ruler Ranjit Singh on Encyclopedia Britannica] Retrieved 16 August 2018</ref> Thus, the battle was a victory for the Sikhs who had now added Balakot to their empire and extended the western border of the [[Sikh Empire]] deep into [[Afghans|Afghan]] territory which included Balakot and the whole of Mansehra District. After this major victory, the Sikhs turned their ambitions towards conquering [[Peshawar]] from the [[Afghans]].<ref name="sarsa">{{cite book|url=http://m.friendfeed-media.com/6e9ec7f58014456d2d5fd015cc8af9d2974509c0|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges|page=419|author=Jacques, Tony|year=2006|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=978-0-313-33536-5|access-date=13 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626120848/http://m.friendfeed-media.com/6e9ec7f58014456d2d5fd015cc8af9d2974509c0|archive-date=26 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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== Aftermath == |
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A messenger who brought the news of the victory to Ranjit Singh was awarded with a pair of gold bracelets, worth 200 rupees along with turban and shawl. Sher Singh was awarded with 50,000 rupees with a letter of appreciation. The Governor of Gobindgarh, Faqir Imam-ud-din, was ordered to celebrate the victory over the Sayyids by illuminating the city of Amritsar and firing a salute of 11 guns.<ref name=gupta/> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[Battle of Akora Khattak]] |
* [[Battle of Akora Khattak]] |
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Revision as of 16:43, 5 January 2024
| Battle of Balakot | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Afghan–Sikh Wars | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Sikh Empire |
 Mujahideen | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Sher Singh Ilahi Bakhsh Akali Hanuman Singh |
Syed Ahmad Barelvi † Shah Ismail Dehlvi † Mirza Hayat Dehlvi † | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 5000[1] | 2000–3000[1] | ||||||
The Battle of Balakot was fought between the forces of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Syed Ahmad Barelvi in Balakot on 6 May 1831. Barelvi had declared jihad against the Sikhs and established a camp in Balakot along with Shah Ismail Dehlvi and his tribesmen. Kanwar Sher Singh besieged the valley and attacked his camp at night. The battle lasted all day. The Sikh soldiers eventually killed Syed Ahmad Barelvi, along with hundreds of his followers.[2][3][4][1]
Battle
After facing opposition from Pashtun tribes, Sayyid Ahmed Barelvi shifted to Balakot in 1831.[1] On 6 May 1831, Syed Ahmad Barelvi's Mujahideen forces prepared for the final battle at Balakot in the mountainous valley of Mansehra. Sikh troops under Sher Singh started landing at Balakot. The Sikh forces were superior in number and training to the Mujahideen. They had warned Syed Ahmed that they would execute him and his followers if they didn't retreat, to which Syed Ahmed refused to surrender. Sikhs quickly besieged the valley on all sides.[1]
During the fight, Barelvi was killed and beheaded by the Sikhs.[1] A large group of Mujahideen fighters did not realize that Syed Ahmad had been killed and went in search of him. Besides, small groups of Mujahideen were killed while fighting in different places.
In the battle, Shah Ismail Dehlvi was also killed by the Sikh soldiers.[5] Thus, the battle was a victory for the Sikhs who had now added Balakot to their empire and extended the western border of the Sikh Empire deep into Afghan territory which included Balakot and the whole of Mansehra District. After this major victory, the Sikhs turned their ambitions towards conquering Peshawar from the Afghans.[6]
Aftermath
A messenger who brought the news of the victory to Ranjit Singh was awarded with a pair of gold bracelets, worth 200 rupees along with turban and shawl. Sher Singh was awarded with 50,000 rupees with a letter of appreciation. The Governor of Gobindgarh, Faqir Imam-ud-din, was ordered to celebrate the victory over the Sayyids by illuminating the city of Amritsar and firing a salute of 11 guns.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Hari Ram Gupta (1991). History of the Sikhs, Volume 5. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 166. ISBN 9788121505406.[1]
- ^ Ahmad, M. (1975). Saiyid Ahmad Shahid: His Life and Mission (No. 93). Lucknow: Academy of Islamic Research and Publications. Page 27.
- ^ Adamec, Ludwig W. (2009), Historical Dictionary of Islam, Scarecrow Press, ISBN 978-0-8108-6303-3
- ^ Jalal, Ayesha (2009), "The Martyrs of Balakot", Partisans of Allah: Jihad in South Asia, Harvard University Press, pp. 58–113, ISBN 978-0-674-03907-0
- ^ Profile of Sikh ruler Ranjit Singh on Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 16 August 2018
- ^ Jacques, Tony (2006). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges. Greenwood Press. p. 419. ISBN 978-0-313-33536-5. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2015.