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Coordinates: 13°39′38″N 01°48′37″E / 13.66056°N 1.81028°E / 13.66056; 1.81028
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| official_name = Karma
| other_name =
|official_name = Karma
| settlement_type = [[Communes of Niger | Commune]]
|other_name =
|image_skyline =
| image_skyline = Mycie naczyń w rzece Niger - wieś Karma - 001201s.jpg
|imagesize = 300px
| imagesize = 300px
|image_caption =
| image_caption = Women washing dishes in Karma, 1976
|image_flag =
| image_flag =
|image_seal =
| image_seal =
|image_map =
| image_map =
|map_caption =
| map_caption =
|pushpin_map = Niger
| pushpin_map = Niger
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
|pushpin_mapsize = 300
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Niger
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Niger
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[Image:Flag of Niger.svg|25px]] [[Niger]]
| subdivision_name = [[Image:Flag of Niger.svg|25px]] [[Niger]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Niger|Region]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Niger|Region]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Tillabéri Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tillabéri Region]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Departments of Niger|Department]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Departments of Niger|Department]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Kollo Department]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kollo Department]]
|established_title =
| established_title =
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| established_date =
|government_type =
| government_type =
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| population_as_of = 2012
|population_footnotes =
| population_footnotes =
|population_total =
| population_total = 88244
|population_urban =
| population_urban = 8505 (town)
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|coordinates = {{coord|13|40.3|N|1|48.9|E|region:NE_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|13|40.3|N|1|48.9|E|region:NE_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes=
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}}
}}


'''Karma''' is a town and a rural commune in southwestern [[Niger]]. It is near the city of [[Niamey]]. Apart from Karma itself, the commune counts various other villages and hamlets, such as [[Boubon]], a village known for its lively weekly market on Wednesdays and the colourful pottery produced there.
'''Karma''' is a town and a rural commune in southwestern [[Niger]], near the city of [[Niamey]]. The town had a population of 8,505 as of the 2012 census, and the commune had a population of 88,244.


Apart from Karma itself, the commune counts various other villages and hamlets, such as [[Boubon]], a village known for its lively weekly market on Wednesdays and the colorful pottery produced there.
{{Communes of Niger}}

== Geography ==
Karma lies on a [[plateau]] with wide valleys on the [[Niger River]]. The commune borders the municipalities of [[Kourteye]] in the northwest, [[Simiri]] in the north, [[Hamdallaye, Niger|Hamdallaye]] in the east, [[Bitinkodji]] in the south, and [[Namaro]] in the southwest.

The commune includes 70 villages, 56 hamlets, and 10 camps.<ref name="ReNaLoc">{{Internetquelle|url=https://www.stat-niger.org/statistique/file/RENACOM/RENALOC_Niger_733.rar|titel=Répertoire National des Localités (ReNaLoc)|hrsg=Institut National de la Statistique, République du Niger|date=2014-07|page=455–458|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924110106/https://www.stat-niger.org/statistique/file/RENACOM/RENALOC_Niger_733.rar|archive-date=2015-09-24|access-date=2022-03-27|format=RAR|sprache=fr}}</ref> The table below ranks the villages in the commune by population:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Village
! Population (2012)
! Location
|-
|Karma
|8,505
|{{coord|13|40.3|N|1|48.9|E|region:NE_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Tagabati
|5,075
|{{coord|13|38|10|N|01|52|51|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Niamé
|2,575
|{{coord|13|40|14|N|01|47|30|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Bangawi Zarma
|2,428
|{{coord|13|39|18|N|01|50|54|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Koutoukalé Kourtey
|2,536
|{{coord|13|41|08|N|01|43|36|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Koutoukalé Zéno
|2,455
|{{coord|13|41|37|N|01|44|36|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|[[Boubon]]
|1,829
|{{coord|13|36|09|N|01|55|38|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Koutoukalé Kado
|1,678
|{{coord|13|40|52|N|01|44|11|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Koutoukalé Koira Tégui
|1,292
|{{coord|13|42|13|N|01|43|34|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Kanta
|882
|{{coord|13|39|55|N|01|50|15|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Zama Koira Zéno
|841
|{{coord|13|43|12|N|01|42|10|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Zama Koira Tégui
|772
|{{coord|13|42|38|N|01|42|59|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Bantouré
|748
|{{coord|13|39|34|N|01|49|50|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Komba Goura
|509
|{{coord|13|40|31|N|01|45|53|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Kondo Tondi
|434
|{{coord|13|44|58|N|01|41|31|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Kanazi
|382
|{{coord|13|35|23|N|01|57|41|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|-
|Karma Goungou
|317
|{{coord|13|39|38|N|01|48|37|E|region:NE|display=inline,title}}
|}

== History ==
The village of Boubon in the commune was founded in around 1340 by a [[Songhai people|Songhai]] group.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Séré de Rivières |first=Edmond |title=Histoire du Niger |publisher=Berger-Levrault |year=1965 |location=Paris}}</ref> After the fall of the [[Songhai Empire]] in 1591, Songhai refugees settled in Karma, under a descendent of the former ruling [[Askiya dynasty]]. In the 17th century, [[Zarma people|Zarma]] settled around the town and in the 19th century the town was raided by enemy Zarma from [[N'Dounga]].<ref name=":0" />

=== Modern ===
In 1906, the French colonial administration established a [[Cantons of France|canton]] in Karma. The rural commune was formed in 2002 during a nationwide administrative reform.<ref name=":0" />

The commune of Karma was seriously affected by the [[2010 West African floods]], with over 15,000 residents of the commune classified as disaster victims. Karma was the second hardest hit commune in Niger after [[Namaro]] in the southwest.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Situation_des_inondations_au_23-09-2010.xls |url=http://www.cic.ne/IMG/xls/Situation_des_inondations_au_23-09-2010.xls}}</ref>

== Politics ==
The municipal council (''conseil municipal'') has 22 elected members. A traditional chief heads 65 villages in the commune, including the main town.
[[File:La prison de Koutoukalé après une attaque terroriste, au Niger, le 17 octobre 2016.png|thumb|The Koutoukalé prison gate after a terrorist attack in 2016.]]
Karma also hosts the Koutoukalé maximum security prison, which is the only high security prison in Niger and can accommodate 250 inmates.

== Economy and infrastructure ==
The main source of income in the commune is agriculture in the bush and [[Rice|rice cultivation]] on the banks of the Niger.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cottavoz |first=Paul |date=May 2016 |title=WASH et choléra – stratégie bouclier dans les aires de santé les plus affectées des régions sanitaires de Tillabéri, Tahoua et Maradi. Evaluation report. |url=https://platefor.mywhc.ca/attachments/article/416/24-NIG_2016_SLL_UNICEF_ST1_FR.pdf |access-date=May 22, 2022 |website=UNICEF Niger}}</ref> In Karma there is a daily market with around twenty shops and restaurants as well as a weekly market with over 400 exhibitors.

In the main town of Karma, there is a ''Center de Santé Intégré'' (CSI) health center which has its own labratory and maternity ward, and was responsible for caring for over 36,000 people in 2016. There is also another CSI health center in Koutoukalé, which cared from over 12,000 people in 2016.

The main road in the commune is National Road 1, the main road in the country.{{Communes of Niger}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Revision as of 20:38, 29 January 2024

Karma
Commune
Women washing dishes in Karma, 1976
Women washing dishes in Karma, 1976
Karma is located in Niger
Karma
Karma
Location in Niger
Coordinates: 13°40.3′N 1°48.9′E / 13.6717°N 1.8150°E / 13.6717; 1.8150
Country Niger
RegionTillabéri Region
DepartmentKollo Department
Population
 (2012)
 •  Commune
88,244
 • Urban
8,505 (town)

Karma is a town and a rural commune in southwestern Niger, near the city of Niamey. The town had a population of 8,505 as of the 2012 census, and the commune had a population of 88,244.

Apart from Karma itself, the commune counts various other villages and hamlets, such as Boubon, a village known for its lively weekly market on Wednesdays and the colorful pottery produced there.

Geography

Karma lies on a plateau with wide valleys on the Niger River. The commune borders the municipalities of Kourteye in the northwest, Simiri in the north, Hamdallaye in the east, Bitinkodji in the south, and Namaro in the southwest.

The commune includes 70 villages, 56 hamlets, and 10 camps.[1] The table below ranks the villages in the commune by population:

Village Population (2012) Location
Karma 8,505 13°40.3′N 1°48.9′E / 13.6717°N 1.8150°E / 13.6717; 1.8150{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Tagabati 5,075 13°38′10″N 01°52′51″E / 13.63611°N 1.88083°E / 13.63611; 1.88083{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Niamé 2,575 13°40′14″N 01°47′30″E / 13.67056°N 1.79167°E / 13.67056; 1.79167{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Bangawi Zarma 2,428 13°39′18″N 01°50′54″E / 13.65500°N 1.84833°E / 13.65500; 1.84833{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Koutoukalé Kourtey 2,536 13°41′08″N 01°43′36″E / 13.68556°N 1.72667°E / 13.68556; 1.72667{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Koutoukalé Zéno 2,455 13°41′37″N 01°44′36″E / 13.69361°N 1.74333°E / 13.69361; 1.74333{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Boubon 1,829 13°36′09″N 01°55′38″E / 13.60250°N 1.92722°E / 13.60250; 1.92722{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Koutoukalé Kado 1,678 13°40′52″N 01°44′11″E / 13.68111°N 1.73639°E / 13.68111; 1.73639{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Koutoukalé Koira Tégui 1,292 13°42′13″N 01°43′34″E / 13.70361°N 1.72611°E / 13.70361; 1.72611{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Kanta 882 13°39′55″N 01°50′15″E / 13.66528°N 1.83750°E / 13.66528; 1.83750{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Zama Koira Zéno 841 13°43′12″N 01°42′10″E / 13.72000°N 1.70278°E / 13.72000; 1.70278{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Zama Koira Tégui 772 13°42′38″N 01°42′59″E / 13.71056°N 1.71639°E / 13.71056; 1.71639{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Bantouré 748 13°39′34″N 01°49′50″E / 13.65944°N 1.83056°E / 13.65944; 1.83056{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Komba Goura 509 13°40′31″N 01°45′53″E / 13.67528°N 1.76472°E / 13.67528; 1.76472{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Kondo Tondi 434 13°44′58″N 01°41′31″E / 13.74944°N 1.69194°E / 13.74944; 1.69194{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Kanazi 382 13°35′23″N 01°57′41″E / 13.58972°N 1.96139°E / 13.58972; 1.96139{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page
Karma Goungou 317 13°39′38″N 01°48′37″E / 13.66056°N 1.81028°E / 13.66056; 1.81028{{#coordinates:}}: cannot have more than one primary tag per page

History

The village of Boubon in the commune was founded in around 1340 by a Songhai group.[2] After the fall of the Songhai Empire in 1591, Songhai refugees settled in Karma, under a descendent of the former ruling Askiya dynasty. In the 17th century, Zarma settled around the town and in the 19th century the town was raided by enemy Zarma from N'Dounga.[2]

Modern

In 1906, the French colonial administration established a canton in Karma. The rural commune was formed in 2002 during a nationwide administrative reform.[2]

The commune of Karma was seriously affected by the 2010 West African floods, with over 15,000 residents of the commune classified as disaster victims. Karma was the second hardest hit commune in Niger after Namaro in the southwest.[3]

Politics

The municipal council (conseil municipal) has 22 elected members. A traditional chief heads 65 villages in the commune, including the main town.

The Koutoukalé prison gate after a terrorist attack in 2016.

Karma also hosts the Koutoukalé maximum security prison, which is the only high security prison in Niger and can accommodate 250 inmates.

Economy and infrastructure

The main source of income in the commune is agriculture in the bush and rice cultivation on the banks of the Niger.[4] In Karma there is a daily market with around twenty shops and restaurants as well as a weekly market with over 400 exhibitors.

In the main town of Karma, there is a Center de Santé Intégré (CSI) health center which has its own labratory and maternity ward, and was responsible for caring for over 36,000 people in 2016. There is also another CSI health center in Koutoukalé, which cared from over 12,000 people in 2016.

The main road in the commune is National Road 1, the main road in the country.


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  1. ^ "Répertoire National des Localités (ReNaLoc)" (in French). Institut National de la Statistique, République du Niger. 2014-07. p. 455–458. Archived from the original (RAR) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2022-03-27. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ a b c Séré de Rivières, Edmond (1965). Histoire du Niger. Paris: Berger-Levrault.
  3. ^ "Situation_des_inondations_au_23-09-2010.xls".
  4. ^ Cottavoz, Paul (May 2016). "WASH et choléra – stratégie bouclier dans les aires de santé les plus affectées des régions sanitaires de Tillabéri, Tahoua et Maradi. Evaluation report" (PDF). UNICEF Niger. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
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