Juan de la Cámara: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Revision as of 04:27, 16 February 2024

Juan de la Cámara (1525–1602) was a Spanish conquistador, nobleman, and colonial administrator known for his role in the Spanish Conquest of Yucatán. Born into the noble de la Cámara family, he arrived in the New World in 1539 and played a key role in founding Mérida, the second Spanish city in the Yucatan peninsula. He held influential positions in the city council, serving as chief constable and later as mayor of Mérida. Juan also explored and settled parts of Yucatán, Guatemala and Belize, receiving encomiendas from the Spanish Crown.

His observations on the Maya Civilization, documented in letters to Charles V, continue to be cited by scholars. The establishment of a cadet branch within the de la Cámara family marked the beginning of a lineage with notable descendants who played significant roles in the Viceroyalty of New Spain and continued to be influential in Yucatecan society even after Mexican Independence. Juan de la Cámara's descendants became part of the old Mexican nobility, holding positions in various fields and owning notable properties, including long-time ownership of Cancún.

Life

Born in Alcalá de Henares in 1525 to a noble lineage, Juan de la Cámara could trace his family tree to the thirteenth century, with ancestors who fought for the Castilian Crown during the Iberian Reconquista. In 1227, under Ferdinand III, the de la Cámara family was ennobled and granted a coat of arms.^[1] He held the best and oldest documents of ancestral nobility among the Spanish conquistadores.^[2]

Under the system of primogeniture, all the estates of the Cámara family passed on to the eldest son. As the younger son of a noble family, Juan de la Cámara sought to make his fortune in the Americas which were being explored and settled by the Spanish crown in the early sixteenth century. He arrived in the New World in 1539, aged fourteen.

In early 1541, he joined Francisco de Montejo the Younger in Campeche, then the only Spanish city in the Yucatán Peninsula. Montejo, who headed an army of approximately 400 Spanish soldiers,^[3] appointed Juan de la Cámara as one of his chief military commanders, despite his youth. Shortly after establishing the Spanish presence in Campeche, Montejo the Younger summoned the local Maya lords and commanded them to submit to the Spanish Crown. Several lords decided to submit peacefully. Thus, the western region of Yucatán was conquered without significant resistance, facilitating the establishment of Spanish authority and paving the way for subsequent colonial developments in the area.

On 6 January 1542, the conquistadors founded the city of Mérida, only the second Spanish city in the Yucatan Peninsula, after Campeche. Mérida took its name as the Maya ruins discovered by the conquistadors in the Ti'ho settlement resembled the Roman ruins of Augusta Emerita in Mérida, Spain. The city earned the moniker "The White City" (La Ciudad Blanca"), possibly due to the use of white limestone on the facades of its colonial buildings. Another theory suggests that the nickname arose because from colonial times through the mid-19th century, Mérida was a walled city designed to protect the predominantly European population (peninsulares and criollos) from periodic uprisings by the indigenous Maya people, ultimately culminating with the caste war of Yucatán (1847 - 1901).^[4]

While Montejo served as mayor of Mérida (alcalde mayor), Juan de la Cámara was invited to participate in the first city council (cabildo) as chief constable (alguacil mayor),^[5]^[6] although he was only seventeen years old at the time. In this role, he was responsible for enforcing justice and pursuing criminals. Like other members of the cabildo, he took legal possession of properties on behalf of the City. He also had the authority to execute arrest warrants issued by the viceroy, the high court (real audiencia), the governor (corregidor), or the alcalde mayor.^[7] In 1565, he was elected to serve as alcalde mayor or mayor of Mérida.^[8]

Juan de la Cámara also participated in the exploration of the region between El Cuyo in Yucatán and Lake Izabal in Guatemala. The Spanish crown awarded Juan de la Cámara encomiendas, including the towns of Cahabon, Ixtutz, Euán (Tixkokob), and Sinanché.^[9]

His observations on the Maya Civilization, contained in his letters to Charles V, known as relación de Sinanché y Egum, continue to be cited by scholars.^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]

In 1563, Juan de la Cámara married Doña Francisca de Sandoval. Their descendants became a prominent family in the old Mexican nobility, maintaining its identity and continuity for over eighteen generations, avoiding the loss of their family name or social status. Members of the family frequently intermarried with other aristocratic families of European descent. Through the centuries, their descendants have included distinguished statesmen, soldiers, church figures, landowners, industrialists, and philanthropists (see House of Cámara).^[1]

The descendants of Juan de la Cámara were long-time owners of Cancún, a significant tourist destination in the Caribbean.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b Peón, Joaquín de Arrigunaga (1967). Estirpe de conquistadores (in Spanish). Academia Yucateca de Historia y Genealogía Francisco de Montejo.
^ ^a ^b "Las Familias Yucatecas: Las 24 Con Hidalguía Algunas Más". meridadeyucatan.com. December 9, 2013.
^ López-Portillo, Raúl Pérez (2013-06-23). Los mayas (in Spanish). Punto de Vista. ISBN 978-84-15930-02-0.
^ Krauze, Enrique (2005). La presencia del pasado (in Spanish). BBVA Bancomer. ISBN 978-968-16-7486-1.
^ Acosta, José María Valdés (1923). A través de las centurias: obra especial que contiene apuntes históricos, relatos genealógicos, reseñas biográficas, páginas literarias, antiguos documentos y retratos, etc., etc., etc (in Spanish). Talleres "Pluma y Lápiz".
^ Muñoz, Victoria González; Ortega, Ana Isabel Martínez (1989). Cabildos y elites capitulares en Yucatán: (dos estudios) (in Spanish). Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. ISBN 978-84-00-06973-5.
^ García Hernández, Rodolfo Manuel. "El Alguacil Mayor en el Nuevo Mundo (siglo XVI)" (PDF). Benémerita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.
^ Mañé, Jorge Ignacio Rubio (1941). Alcaldes de Mérida de Yucatán (1542-1941) (in Spanish). Editorial Cvltvra.
^ Bernal, Manuela Cristina García (1978). Población y encomienda en Yucatán bajo los Austrias (in Spanish). Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. ISBN 978-84-00-04399-5.
^ Goñi, Guillermo (2019-09-30). Las conquistas de México y Yucatán (in Arabic). Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia. ISBN 978-607-539-338-4.
^ Lowe, Lynneth S. (2004). El ámbar de Chiapas y su distribución en Mesoamérica (in Spanish). UNAM. ISBN 978-970-32-2265-0.
^ Estudios de cultura maya (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas. 2005.
^ Mayab (in Spanish). Sociedad Española de Estudios Mayas. 2008.
^ Sosa, Pedro Bracamonte y; Robleda, Gabriela Solís (1996). Espacios mayas de autonomía: el pacto colonial en Yucatán (in Spanish). Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. ISBN 978-968-7556-14-7.
^ Garza, Mercedes de la (1983). Relaciones histórico-geográficas de la gobernación de Yucatán: (Mérida, Valladolid y Tabasco) (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Centro de Estudios Mayas. ISBN 978-968-5806-25-1.

[:4-1] Peón, Joaquín de Arrigunaga (1967). Estirpe de conquistadores (in Spanish). Academia Yucateca de Historia y Genealogía Francisco de Montejo.

[:5-2] "Las Familias Yucatecas: Las 24 Con Hidalguía Algunas Más". meridadeyucatan.com. December 9, 2013.

[3] López-Portillo, Raúl Pérez (2013-06-23). Los mayas (in Spanish). Punto de Vista. ISBN 978-84-15930-02-0.

[4] Krauze, Enrique (2005). La presencia del pasado (in Spanish). BBVA Bancomer. ISBN 978-968-16-7486-1.

[:1-5] Acosta, José María Valdés (1923). A través de las centurias: obra especial que contiene apuntes históricos, relatos genealógicos, reseñas biográficas, páginas literarias, antiguos documentos y retratos, etc., etc., etc (in Spanish). Talleres "Pluma y Lápiz".

[:0-6] Muñoz, Victoria González; Ortega, Ana Isabel Martínez (1989). Cabildos y elites capitulares en Yucatán: (dos estudios) (in Spanish). Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. ISBN 978-84-00-06973-5.

[7] García Hernández, Rodolfo Manuel. "El Alguacil Mayor en el Nuevo Mundo (siglo XVI)" (PDF). Benémerita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.

[:2-8] Mañé, Jorge Ignacio Rubio (1941). Alcaldes de Mérida de Yucatán (1542-1941) (in Spanish). Editorial Cvltvra.

[:3-9] Bernal, Manuela Cristina García (1978). Población y encomienda en Yucatán bajo los Austrias (in Spanish). Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. ISBN 978-84-00-04399-5.

[10] Goñi, Guillermo (2019-09-30). Las conquistas de México y Yucatán (in Arabic). Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia. ISBN 978-607-539-338-4.

[11] Lowe, Lynneth S. (2004). El ámbar de Chiapas y su distribución en Mesoamérica (in Spanish). UNAM. ISBN 978-970-32-2265-0.

[12] Estudios de cultura maya (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas. 2005.

[13] Mayab (in Spanish). Sociedad Española de Estudios Mayas. 2008.

[14] Sosa, Pedro Bracamonte y; Robleda, Gabriela Solís (1996). Espacios mayas de autonomía: el pacto colonial en Yucatán (in Spanish). Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. ISBN 978-968-7556-14-7.

[15] Garza, Mercedes de la (1983). Relaciones histórico-geográficas de la gobernación de Yucatán: (Mérida, Valladolid y Tabasco) (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Centro de Estudios Mayas. ISBN 978-968-5806-25-1.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Spanish conquistador and hidalgo (1525–1602)}}
-'''Juan de la Cámara''' (1525&ndash;1602) was a Spanish [[conquistador]], [[Nobility|nobleman]] ([[hidalgo (nobility)|''hidalgo'']]), and [[colonial administrator]] who fought in the [[Spanish Conquest of Yucatán]]. He also helped to explore and settle parts of [[Guatemala]] and [[Belize]].
+'''Juan de la Cámara''' (1525–1602) was a Spanish [[conquistador]], [[Nobility|nobleman]], and [[colonial administrator]] known for his role in the [[Spanish conquest of Yucatán|Spanish Conquest of Yucatán]]. Born into the [[Spanish nobility|noble]] [[House of Cámara|de la Cámara family]], he arrived in the [[New World]] in 1539 and played a key role in founding [[Mérida]], the second Spanish city in the Yucatan peninsula. He held influential positions in the [[city council]], serving as [[Constable|chief constable]] and later as [[Municipal President of Mérida|mayor of Mérida]]. Juan also explored and settled parts of [[Yucatán]], [[Guatemala]] and [[Belize]], receiving [[Encomienda|encomiendas]] from the [[Monarchy of Spain|Spanish Crown]].
+His observations on the [[Maya civilization|Maya Civilization]], documented in letters to [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]], continue to be cited by scholars. The establishment of a [[cadet branch]] within the de la Cámara family marked the beginning of a lineage with notable descendants who played significant roles in the [[Viceroyalty of New Spain]] and continued to be influential in Yucatecan society even after [[Mexican Independence]]. Juan de la Cámara's descendants became part of the old [[Mexican nobility]], holding positions in various fields and owning notable properties, including long-time ownership of [[Cancún]].
-Born in [[Alcalá de Henares]] to the [[House of Cámara|de la Cámara]] lineage, a [[Spanish nobility|Spanish noble family]], he ventured into the [[New World]] in 1539.  During the early phase of the [[Captaincy General of Yucatán]], he held influential public roles. In 1542, alongside [[Francisco de Montejo the Younger]], he co-founded [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]], the second Spanish city established in the [[Yucatán Peninsula|Yucatan peninsula]].  He played a crucial role in the inaugural [[Municipal council|city council]] ([[Cabildo (council)|''cabildo'']]) and served as the [[Constable|chief constable]] ([[Alguacil|''alguacil mayor'']]) of Mérida.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Muñoz |first=Victoria González |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nS5Z3TADKRwC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA169&dq=Juan+de+la+C%C3%A1mara+yucat%C3%A1n&hl=es-419 |title=Cabildos y elites capitulares en Yucatán: (dos estudios) |last2=Ortega |first2=Ana Isabel Martínez |date=1989 |publisher=Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press |isbn=978-84-00-06973-5 |language=es}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Acosta |first=José María Valdés |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=98onAQAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+alguacil&q=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+alguacil&hl=es-419 |title=A través de las centurias: obra especial que contiene apuntes históricos, relatos genealógicos, reseñas biográficas, páginas literarias, antiguos documentos y retratos, etc., etc., etc |date=1923 |publisher=Talleres "Pluma y Lápiz" |language=es}}</ref> In 1565, he was elected as the [[Mayor of Mérida, Yucatán|mayor of Mérida]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Mañé |first=Jorge Ignacio Rubio |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-idjAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+alcalde+de+m%C3%A9rida&q=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+alcalde+de+m%C3%A9rida&hl=es-419 |title=Alcaldes de Mérida de Yucatán (1542-1941) |date=1941 |publisher=Editorial Cvltvra |language=es}}</ref> Additionally, the [[Monarchy of Spain|Spanish Crown]] awarded him several [[Encomienda|encomiendas]], including the towns of [[Santa María Cahabón|Cahabon]], [[Ixtutz]], Euán ([[Tixkokob]]), and [[Sinanché Municipality|Sinanché]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Bernal |first=Manuela Cristina García |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HYfY8H8P4VUC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA219&dq=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+encomienda&hl=es-419 |title=Población y encomienda en Yucatán bajo los Austrias |date=1978 |publisher=Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press |isbn=978-84-00-04399-5 |language=es}}</ref> His observations on the [[Maya civilization|Maya Civilization]], contained in his letters to [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]], known as ''relación de Sinanché y Egum'', continue to be cited by [[Scholar|scholars]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Goñi |first=Guillermo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4xe_DwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PT273&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+Sinanch%C3%A9+y+Egum+de+la+C%C3%A1mara&hl=es-419 |title=Las conquistas de México y Yucatán |date=2019-09-30 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia |isbn=978-607-539-338-4 |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lowe |first=Lynneth S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kIz-mvH7PdoC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA105&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&hl=es-419 |title=El ámbar de Chiapas y su distribución en Mesoamérica |date=2004 |publisher=UNAM |isbn=978-970-32-2265-0 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D2VlAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&q=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&hl=es-419 |title=Estudios de cultura maya |date=2005 |publisher=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBAXAQAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&q=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&hl=es-419 |title=Mayab |date=2008 |publisher=Sociedad Española de Estudios Mayas |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sosa |first=Pedro Bracamonte y |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47t-AAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&q=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&hl=es-419 |title=Espacios mayas de autonomía: el pacto colonial en Yucatán |last2=Robleda |first2=Gabriela Solís |date=1996 |publisher=Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán |isbn=978-968-7556-14-7 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Garza |first=Mercedes de la |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kdgWAAAAYAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+encomienda+sinanche&q=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+encomienda+sinanche&hl=es-419 |title=Relaciones histórico-geográficas de la gobernación de Yucatán: (Mérida, Valladolid y Tabasco) |date=1983 |publisher=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Centro de Estudios Mayas |isbn=978-968-5806-25-1 |language=es}}</ref>
-The establishment of a [[cadet branch]] within the de la Cámara family by Juan marked the beginning of a lineage with numerous descendants who held notable positions throughout the [[Viceroyalty of New Spain]],  firmly establishing themselves as part of the old [[Mexican nobility]]. Even after [[Mexican War of Independence|Mexican Independence]], this lineage has continued to play a significant role in Yucatecan society.
 == Life ==
@@ Line 16: / Line 14: @@
 On 6 January 1542, the [[Conquistador|conquistadors]] founded the city of [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]], only the second Spanish city in the Yucatan Peninsula, after Campeche. Mérida took its name as the Maya ruins discovered by the conquistadors in the [[T'ho|Ti'ho]] settlement resembled the [[Augusta Emerita|Roman ruins of Augusta Emerita]] in [[Mérida, Spain]]. The city earned the moniker "The White City" (''La Ciudad Blanca''"), possibly due to the use of white limestone on the facades of its colonial buildings. Another theory suggests that the nickname arose because from [[Viceroyalty of New Spain|colonial times]] through the mid-19th century, Mérida was a walled city designed to protect the predominantly [[Europeans|European]] population (''[[peninsulares]]'' and [[Criollo people|''criollos'']]) from periodic uprisings by the indigenous [[Maya peoples|Maya people]], ultimately culminating with the [[Caste War of Yucatán|caste war of Yucatán]] (1847 - 1901).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Krauze |first=Enrique |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2cY9AQAAIAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=la+ciudad+blanca+criollos+m%C3%A9rida+europeos&q=la+ciudad+blanca+criollos+m%C3%A9rida+europeos&hl=es-419 |title=La presencia del pasado |date=2005 |publisher=BBVA Bancomer |isbn=978-968-16-7486-1 |language=es}}</ref>
-While Montejo served as mayor of Mérida (''alcalde mayor''), Juan de la Cámara was invited to participate in the first city council (''[[Cabildo (council)|cabildo]]'') as [[Constable|chief constable]] (''[[Alguacil|alguacil mayor]]''),<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> although he was only seventeen years old at the time. In this role, he was responsible for enforcing justice and pursuing criminals. Like other members of the cabildo, he took legal possession of properties on behalf of the City. He also had the authority to execute [[Arrest warrant|arrest warrants]] issued by the [[viceroy]], the [[high court]] ([[Real Audiencia|''real audiencia'']]), the governor ([[Corregidor (position)|''corregidor'']]), or the alcalde mayor.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=García Hernández |first=Rodolfo Manuel |title=El Alguacil Mayor en el Nuevo Mundo (siglo XVI) |url=https://www.iifilologicas.unam.mx/pnovohispano/uploads/memoxviii/05_art_18.pdf |journal=Benémerita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla}}</ref> In 1565, he was elected to serve as ''alcalde mayor'' or [[Municipal President of Mérida|mayor of Mérida]].<ref name=":2" />  [[File:Catedral de Mérida - San Ildefonso, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico - Marzo 2021 con Policia Turistica.jpg|thumb|In 1542, Juan de la Cámara co-founded [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]], the second Spanish city in the [[Yucatán Peninsula|Yucatán peninsula]]. The [[Cathedral of Mérida, Yucatán|Cathedral]], shown here, was built by the Spanish between 1561 and 1598.]]Juan de la Cámara also participated in the exploration of the region between El Cuyo in Yucatán and [[Lake Izabal|Lake Izaba]]<nowiki/>l in Guatemala. The Spanish crown awarded Juan de la Cámara [[Encomienda|encomiendas]], including the towns of [[Santa María Cahabón|Cahabon]], [[Ixtutz]], Euán ([[Tixkokob]]), and [[Sinanché Municipality|Sinanché]].<ref name=":3" />
+While Montejo served as mayor of Mérida (''alcalde mayor''), Juan de la Cámara was invited to participate in the first city council (''[[Cabildo (council)|cabildo]]'') as [[Constable|chief constable]] (''[[Alguacil|alguacil mayor]]''),<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Acosta |first=José María Valdés |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=98onAQAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+alguacil&q=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+alguacil&hl=es-419 |title=A través de las centurias: obra especial que contiene apuntes históricos, relatos genealógicos, reseñas biográficas, páginas literarias, antiguos documentos y retratos, etc., etc., etc |date=1923 |publisher=Talleres "Pluma y Lápiz" |language=es}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Muñoz |first=Victoria González |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nS5Z3TADKRwC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA169&dq=Juan+de+la+C%C3%A1mara+yucat%C3%A1n&hl=es-419 |title=Cabildos y elites capitulares en Yucatán: (dos estudios) |last2=Ortega |first2=Ana Isabel Martínez |date=1989 |publisher=Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press |isbn=978-84-00-06973-5 |language=es}}</ref> although he was only seventeen years old at the time. In this role, he was responsible for enforcing justice and pursuing criminals. Like other members of the cabildo, he took legal possession of properties on behalf of the City. He also had the authority to execute [[Arrest warrant|arrest warrants]] issued by the [[viceroy]], the [[high court]] ([[Real Audiencia|''real audiencia'']]), the governor ([[Corregidor (position)|''corregidor'']]), or the alcalde mayor.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=García Hernández |first=Rodolfo Manuel |title=El Alguacil Mayor en el Nuevo Mundo (siglo XVI) |url=https://www.iifilologicas.unam.mx/pnovohispano/uploads/memoxviii/05_art_18.pdf |journal=Benémerita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla}}</ref> In 1565, he was elected to serve as ''alcalde mayor'' or [[Municipal President of Mérida|mayor of Mérida]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Mañé |first=Jorge Ignacio Rubio |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-idjAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+alcalde+de+m%C3%A9rida&q=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+alcalde+de+m%C3%A9rida&hl=es-419 |title=Alcaldes de Mérida de Yucatán (1542-1941) |date=1941 |publisher=Editorial Cvltvra |language=es}}</ref>  [[File:Catedral de Mérida - San Ildefonso, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico - Marzo 2021 con Policia Turistica.jpg|thumb|In 1542, Juan de la Cámara co-founded [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]], the second Spanish city in the [[Yucatán Peninsula|Yucatán peninsula]]. The [[Cathedral of Mérida, Yucatán|Cathedral]], shown here, was built by the Spanish between 1561 and 1598.]]Juan de la Cámara also participated in the exploration of the region between El Cuyo in Yucatán and [[Lake Izabal|Lake Izaba]]<nowiki/>l in Guatemala. The Spanish crown awarded Juan de la Cámara [[Encomienda|encomiendas]], including the towns of [[Santa María Cahabón|Cahabon]], [[Ixtutz]], Euán ([[Tixkokob]]), and [[Sinanché Municipality|Sinanché]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Bernal |first=Manuela Cristina García |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HYfY8H8P4VUC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA219&dq=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+encomienda&hl=es-419 |title=Población y encomienda en Yucatán bajo los Austrias |date=1978 |publisher=Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press |isbn=978-84-00-04399-5 |language=es}}</ref>
+His observations on the [[Maya civilization|Maya Civilization]], contained in his letters to [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]], known as ''relación de Sinanché y Egum'', continue to be cited by [[Scholar|scholars]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Goñi |first=Guillermo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4xe_DwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PT273&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+Sinanch%C3%A9+y+Egum+de+la+C%C3%A1mara&hl=es-419 |title=Las conquistas de México y Yucatán |date=2019-09-30 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia |isbn=978-607-539-338-4 |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lowe |first=Lynneth S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kIz-mvH7PdoC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA105&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&hl=es-419 |title=El ámbar de Chiapas y su distribución en Mesoamérica |date=2004 |publisher=UNAM |isbn=978-970-32-2265-0 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D2VlAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&q=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&hl=es-419 |title=Estudios de cultura maya |date=2005 |publisher=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBAXAQAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&q=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&hl=es-419 |title=Mayab |date=2008 |publisher=Sociedad Española de Estudios Mayas |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sosa |first=Pedro Bracamonte y |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47t-AAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&q=relaci%C3%B3n+de+sinanch%C3%A9+y+egum&hl=es-419 |title=Espacios mayas de autonomía: el pacto colonial en Yucatán |last2=Robleda |first2=Gabriela Solís |date=1996 |publisher=Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán |isbn=978-968-7556-14-7 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Garza |first=Mercedes de la |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kdgWAAAAYAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+encomienda+sinanche&q=juan+de+la+c%C3%A1mara+encomienda+sinanche&hl=es-419 |title=Relaciones histórico-geográficas de la gobernación de Yucatán: (Mérida, Valladolid y Tabasco) |date=1983 |publisher=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Centro de Estudios Mayas |isbn=978-968-5806-25-1 |language=es}}</ref>
 In 1563, Juan de la Cámara married Doña Francisca de Sandoval. Their descendants became a prominent family in the old [[Mexican nobility]], maintaining its identity and continuity for over eighteen generations, avoiding the loss of their family name or social status. Members of the family frequently intermarried with other aristocratic families of European descent. Through the centuries, their descendants have included distinguished statesmen, soldiers, church figures, landowners, industrialists, and philanthropists (''see [[House of Cámara]]'').<ref name=":4" />

Juan de la Cámara: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 04:27, 16 February 2024

Life

See also

Further reading

References