Jump to content

User talk:RodRabelo7: Difference between revisions

Page contents not supported in other languages.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
Line 224: Line 224:
== File:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell.png listed for discussion ==
== File:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell.png listed for discussion ==
[[File:Information.svg|30px|left]] A file that you uploaded or altered, [[:File:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell.png]], has been listed at [[Wikipedia:Files for discussion]]. Please see the [[Wikipedia:Files for discussion/2024 March 1#File:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell.png|'''discussion''']] to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. <!-- Template:Fdw --> ''[[User:TarnishedPath|<b style="color:#ff0000;">Tar</b><b style="color:#ff7070;">nis</b><b style="color:#ffa0a0;">hed</b><b style="color:#420000;">Path</b>]]''<sup>[[User talk:TarnishedPath|<b style="color:#bd4004;">talk</b>]]</sup> 14:51, 1 March 2024 (UTC)
[[File:Information.svg|30px|left]] A file that you uploaded or altered, [[:File:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell.png]], has been listed at [[Wikipedia:Files for discussion]]. Please see the [[Wikipedia:Files for discussion/2024 March 1#File:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell.png|'''discussion''']] to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. <!-- Template:Fdw --> ''[[User:TarnishedPath|<b style="color:#ff0000;">Tar</b><b style="color:#ff7070;">nis</b><b style="color:#ffa0a0;">hed</b><b style="color:#420000;">Path</b>]]''<sup>[[User talk:TarnishedPath|<b style="color:#bd4004;">talk</b>]]</sup> 14:51, 1 March 2024 (UTC)

== Edit revision on [[Al-Rashid humanitarian aid incident]] ==

Hello, i noticed you undid my edit on the Al-Rashid humanitarian aid incident where i added what i believed was a proper introduction, you didn't provide any reason in the edit summary nor did you care to start a thread on my talk page on this matter.

I would just like to know what the reason for this edit was? [[User:Hjemt|Hjemt]] ([[User talk:Hjemt|talk]]) 19:03, 2 March 2024 (UTC)

Revision as of 19:03, 2 March 2024

Uma medalha para você!

A Medalha Original
Por ter criado Puta falta de sacanagem. Eu ia traduzir depois da PE, mas agradeço que já tenha feito isso. Agora pretendo elevar a AB nas duas IWs. Skyshifter talk 13:42, 18 February 2023 (UTC)[reply]

DYK for Twelves

On 1 April 2023, Did you know was updated with a fact from the article Twelves, which you recently created, substantially expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ... that Twelves, a pet monkey, died and became a diamond? The nomination discussion and review may be seen at Template:Did you know nominations/Twelves. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or articles got while on the front page (here's how, Twelves), and the hook may be added to the statistics page after its run on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from another recently created article, then please feel free to suggest it on the Did you know talk page.

-- Aoidh (talk) 00:03, 1 April 2023 (UTC)[reply]

If this is the first article that you have created, you may want to read the guide to writing your first article.

You may want to consider using the Article Wizard to help you create articles.

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. This is a notice to inform you that a tag has been placed on Amara maple requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A3 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is an article with no content whatsoever, or whose contents consist only of external links, a "See also" section, book references, category tags, template tags, interwiki links, images, a rephrasing of the title, a question that should have been asked at the help or reference desks, or an attempt to contact the subject of the article. Please see Wikipedia:Stub for our minimum information standards for short articles. Also please note that articles must be on notable subjects and should provide references to reliable sources that verify their content.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, and you wish to retrieve the deleted material for future reference or improvement, then please contact the deleting administrator, or if you have already done so, you can place a request here. Jmertel23 (talk) 15:17, 10 June 2023 (UTC)[reply]

You should check page’s history before nominating it to deletion. Or was it coordinated? Heh… --RodRabelo7 (talk) 15:23, 10 June 2023 (UTC)[reply]

A tag has been placed on Category:OpenAI-written articles indicating that it is currently empty, and is not a disambiguation category, a category redirect, a featured topics category, under discussion at Categories for discussion, or a project category that by its nature may become empty on occasion. If it remains empty for seven days or more, it may be deleted under section C1 of the criteria for speedy deletion.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself. Liz Read! Talk! 01:14, 13 June 2023 (UTC)[reply]

@Liz, yep, my bad. RodRabelo7 (talk) 01:16, 13 June 2023 (UTC)[reply]

A barnstar for your efforts

The Current Events Barnstar
In recognition of your contributions to the article Killing of Nahel Merzouk. --Cdjp1 talk 15:55, 17 July 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Hello, Rod. As you may have already seen, I have reverted your two edits at the Madame Tussauds article. The reason (as I tried to explain in my ES), is that your second edit adds 11,881 bytes needlessly to the article, while not improving the verifiability. The thing is (and I am convinced far too few editors know this) the Internet Archive automatically crawls the Web and archives sources for us. When the cite web link points to a live URL, we don't need to add anything. When the link is dead, then we can get the archived URL from IA and add it to the article. This saves a lot of extra "junk" in the wikitext which helps reduce the confusion for human editors and a little of the server load.

The first edit you made wasn't terrible, either, but it was also unnecessary. Per WP:CITELEDE we try not to have a bunch of citations in the lede; since the lede's supposed to summarize what's in the article, and the claims in the article are supposed to be sourced, we need only cite the most surprising/controversial statement in the lede. And the thing about the apostrophe is already sourced below. Happy editing,— JohnFromPinckney (talk / edits) 12:32, 29 July 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Thanks for clarifying that to me. Regards, RodRabelo7 (talk) 15:32, 29 July 2023 (UTC)[reply]
Hi, again. I'm misappropriating my own thread for a completely different topic: I saw your edit to Untitled Grand Theft Auto game. I just wanted to say that I am constantly seeing article text where editors have written "Rihanna confirmed on Twitter the release of a new single, "News to You", due out in two months", or similar, when there is no other indication that there had been a rumor, suspicion, expectation, hint, waffling, debate, etc., about the putative release. It's apparently the first anybody learns that a song was even recorded. They misuse "confirmed" to mean "announced". It makes me crazy and I change it whenever I see it. (I stay crazy but the article is a little better.) Be strong,— JohnFromPinckney (talk / edits) 09:47, 30 July 2023 (UTC)[reply]

I have sent you a note about a page you started

Hello, RodRabelo7. Thank you for your work on Le langaige du Bresil. User:SunDawn, while examining this page as a part of our page curation process, had the following comments:

Hey there! Hope you're having a great day. Thank you for contributing to Wikipedia with your article. I'm happy to inform you that your article has adhered to Wikipedia's policies, so I've marked it as reviewed. Have a fantastic day for you and your family!

To reply, leave a comment here and begin it with {{Re|SunDawn}}. Please remember to sign your reply with ~~~~. (Message delivered via the Page Curation tool, on behalf of the reviewer.)

✠ SunDawn ✠ (contact) 15:02, 8 August 2023 (UTC)[reply]

@SunDawn, thanks! RodRabelo7 (talk) 15:18, 8 August 2023 (UTC)[reply]

DYK for Le langaige du Bresil

On 7 September 2023, Did you know was updated with a fact from the article Le langaige du Bresil, which you recently created, substantially expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ... that Le langaige du Bresil, one of the earliest documentary sources of any South American language, demonstrates that Europeans and Brazilian indigenous peoples maintained intimate social contacts? The nomination discussion and review may be seen at Template:Did you know nominations/Le langaige du Bresil. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or articles got while on the front page (here's how, Le langaige du Bresil), and the hook may be added to the statistics page after its run on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from another recently created article, then please feel free to suggest it on the Did you know talk page.

RoySmith (talk) 00:03, 7 September 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Concern regarding Draft:Big WhatsApp moan

Information icon Hello, RodRabelo7. This is a bot-delivered message letting you know that Draft:Big WhatsApp moan, a page you created, has not been edited in at least 5 months. Drafts that have not been edited for six months may be deleted, so if you wish to retain the page, please edit it again or request that it be moved to your userspace.

If the page has already been deleted, you can request it be undeleted so you can continue working on it.

Thank you for your submission to Wikipedia. FireflyBot (talk) 19:14, 17 September 2023 (UTC)[reply]

I have sent you a note about a page you started

Hello, RodRabelo7. Thank you for your work on Egon Stoll-Berberich. User:SunDawn, while examining this page as a part of our page curation process, had the following comments:

Thank you for writing the article on Wikipedia! I genuinely appreciate your efforts in creating the article on Wikipedia and expanding the sum of human knowledge in Wikipedia. Wishing you and your family a great day!

To reply, leave a comment here and begin it with {{Re|SunDawn}}. Please remember to sign your reply with ~~~~. (Message delivered via the Page Curation tool, on behalf of the reviewer.)

✠ SunDawn ✠ (contact) 10:52, 2 October 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Nomination of Shani Louk for deletion

A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Shani Louk is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Shani Louk until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished.

{{u|Sdkb}}talk 21:00, 12 October 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Nomination of Kidnapping of Shani Louk for deletion

A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Kidnapping of Shani Louk is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kidnapping of Shani Louk until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished.

VQuakr (talk) 21:52, 30 October 2023 (UTC)[reply]

File:Shani Louk.jpg listed for discussion

A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Shani Louk.jpg, has been listed at Wikipedia:Files for discussion. Please see the discussion to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you.

This bot DID NOT nominate any of your contributions for deletion; please refer to the history of each individual page for details. Thanks, FastilyBot (talk) 10:00, 17 November 2023 (UTC)[reply]

ArbCom 2023 Elections voter message

Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on Monday, 11 December 2023. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2023 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add {{NoACEMM}} to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 01:00, 28 November 2023 (UTC)[reply]

DYK for In the Village of Guaraparim

On 7 December 2023, Did you know was updated with a fact from the article In the Village of Guaraparim, which you recently created, substantially expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ... that the 16th-century In the Village of Guaraparim, written by a Catholic saint in a now-dead American language, features a character speaking "in a way that resembles the characters of Aristophanes"? The nomination discussion and review may be seen at Template:Did you know nominations/In the Village of Guaraparim. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or articles got while on the front page (here's how, In the Village of Guaraparim), and the hook may be added to the statistics page after its run on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from another recently created article, then please feel free to suggest it on the Did you know talk page.

RoySmith (talk) 00:02, 7 December 2023 (UTC)[reply]

DYK for Grandpa Indian

On 25 December 2023, Did you know was updated with a fact from the article Grandpa Indian, which you recently created, substantially expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ... that Grandpa Indian, created in the 1930s to replace Santa Claus in Brazil, was portrayed as adorned in colorful bird feathers, bringing gifts to Brazilian children? The nomination discussion and review may be seen at Template:Did you know nominations/Grandfather Indian. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or articles got while on the front page (here's how, Grandpa Indian), and the hook may be added to the statistics page after its run on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from another recently created article, then please feel free to suggest it on the Did you know talk page.

RoySmith (talk) 00:02, 25 December 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Extended content

Estou com o texto do Navarro & Tessuto sobre a história do Tupi Antigo. Chama no teleg. --Bageense(disc.) 00:16, 2 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Bageense, agradeço-lhe o aviso. Preferi procurar por conta própria (já que, depois de ganhar na Mega da Virada, deletei o Telegram) e, por incrível que pareça, achei o texto até bem rápido. Aproveitei para esboçar um History of Tupi aqui. Sinta-se livre para acrescentar o que quiser lá, preferencialmente com fonte e referência; sendo necessário, eu mesmo wikifico o que tiver de ser wikificado. Ainda tem muito para adicionar, é claro. Penso que o melhor seja ir construindo artigos menores para, um dia, por que não?, destacar o Tupi language, mas até lá falta muito. Construí o artigo basicamente com o texto do Navarro e do Tessuto Júnior, e copiando um pouco do Le langaige du Bresil (escrito por mim), então talvez dê para achar coisas interessantes no artigo do Aryon, que também é sobre a história da língua… Cumprimentos, RodRabelo7 (talk) 03:47, 3 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Ah, e sempre dá pra azular o que estiver vermelho; fazendo com vontade e sem preguiça é um diferencial, não que eu seja exemplo disso. RodRabelo7 (talk) 03:50, 3 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Ah, falando em azular, eu traduzi ontem tearful salutation --Bageense(disc.) 11:22, 3 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Que coincidência, eu também estava pensando em criar um artigo sobre a história do tupi! É, o texto é mais sucinto do que eu esperava. O artigo do Ayron é bem melhor (imprimi ele ontem, aliás, só para ter físico). Lá ele explica a prevalência do tupi e tal, onde ele era mais falado, onde não era. Também eu vinha pensando em destacar o língua tupi (mas em pt, não em en).
Uma coisa... no artigo, o Navarro afirma que quem primeiro aprendeu tupi foi um padre de sobrenome... Navarro. O autor não é meio suspeito pra fazer essa afirmação? Haha. --Bageense(disc.) 11:21, 3 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Estive lendo os poemas da Ellen Wassau. Achei um erro em um deles.

Peró chegou e mandou que parasse o
nhen, nhen, nhen.
A-nhe’eng abé
Oro-nhe’eng também,
nhen, nhen, nhen,
nhen, nhen, nhen,
nhen, nhen, nhen.
De castigo, cortaram nossa língua
no tempo e no espaço.
Suspenderam os cafunés e abraços
da voz dessa mãe daqui.
Mas um dia,
ainda cortamos a tua língua
e oro-karu com abati.

Está errado, pois karu é intransitivo. Portanto, "te comemmos" seria oro'u ou algo assim.
Cara chama no teleg pra conversar, deixa de frescura. --Bageense(disc.) 11:52, 3 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Como quem não queria nada, abri a tese de douturado do Aryon Rodrigues sobre a fonologia do "Tupinambá" e passei horas lendo aquilo. Tanta coisa interessante que descobri, mas não tenho tempo de comentar tudo aqui. Interessante ver que ele arrola as grafias de diferentes fontes para demonstrar os fones. Assim, temos as grafias de diferentes fontes, tudo num lugar só. Sério mesmo que não tem tradução disso até hoje? --Bageense(disc.) 04:14, 7 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Lembro que um linguista da USP me havia mencionado no grupo CPB que uma aluna estava planejando traduzir, isso lá por 2022, salvo engano. Não sei como está hoje. Use seu alemão pra melhor a seção relativa à fonologia do tupi, e vê se referencia direito pra eu poder checar junto do ChatGPT. RodRabelo7 (talk) 04:24, 7 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Ah, e em “orokaru com abati”, orokaru pode ser “comemos”, não “te como/comemos”. Mas tá errado de qualquer forma. RodRabelo7 (talk) 04:31, 7 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Introduction to contentious topics

Information icon You have recently made edits related to the Arab–Israeli conflict. This is a standard message to inform you that the Arab–Israeli conflict is a designated contentious topic. This message does not imply that there are any issues with your editing. Additionally, editors must be logged-in, have 500 edits and an account age of 30 days, and are not allowed to make more than 1 revert on the same page within 24 hours for pages within this topic. For more information about the contentious topics system, please see Wikipedia:Contentious topics. Longhornsg (talk) 13:29, 15 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

I have sent you a note about a page you started

Hello, RodRabelo7. Thank you for your work on Anitta's anal tattoo. Rkieferbaum, while examining this page as a part of our page curation process, had the following comments:

Marginally notable. I am designating this as reviewed, considering time as a significant factor. An academic paper discusses this specific tattoo. While this does not definitively establish its significance, it appears to tilt the balance towards notability. Anyone disagreeing should feel free to open an AfD.

To reply, leave a comment here and begin it with {{Re|Rkieferbaum}}. Please remember to sign your reply with ~~~~. (Message delivered via the Page Curation tool, on behalf of the reviewer.)

Rkieferbaum (talk) 03:12, 20 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Hi @RodRabelo7: I reviwed this article. Great bit of writing but I'm concerned abou the familysearch references. When your using family search, which is seen as a social media link and non-rs, can you please cite the underlying document instead of family search themselves. Folk who are reviewed will likely remove them. scope_creepTalk 14:31, 26 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

@Scope creep, I used the documents on FamilySearch, not the site itself. It can be checked by anyone with Portuguese and basic paleography knowledges. Cheers, RodRabelo7 (talk) 01:35, 28 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Yes I know, that is problem. It makes it virtually impossible to identify years up the road. Can you cite the document directly instead of citing family search? scope_creepTalk 01:39, 28 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
@Scope creep, I can try. Is there any template for this, like {{cite book}}? RodRabelo7 (talk) 01:40, 28 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Yes, depending on the document itself. What type of document is it. Is it a plain report? scope_creepTalk 01:43, 28 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
@Scope creep, yes, sort of—baptism, marriage, and death records. But I can try to precise in which exact registry they were produced, as well as their references (like for example, Guimarães’s death record is “número 17334 tal.[ão] 86 pág.[ina] 134”). I can even transcribe them if necessary, as they are much likely in the public domain already. RodRabelo7 (talk) 01:54, 28 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
I can't view it. Does have it source, like the original newspaper it was printed in, or the organisation that keeps records of deaths. scope_creepTalk 01:59, 28 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
@Scope creep, you can create an account on FamilySearch to view it, it’s free; but here it is, anyway. Usually birth, marriage, and death records in Brazil remain in the same registry office where they were produced. That’s why I mentioned the possibility of adding references to facilitate someone’s search in case they decide to consult the original records (God knows why) instead of merely relying on FamilySearch’s digital copies. RodRabelo7 (talk) 02:08, 28 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
I see your problem. Hard to cite right enough. I'm just wondering if it even possible to do it or even worth doing when you look at that. I'll login in the morning, its two in morning here in the uk and have a look. But I see what you mean. scope_creepTalk 02:19, 28 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

I have sent you a note about a page you started

Hello, RodRabelo7. Thank you for your work on Breadcrumbing. North8000, while examining this page as a part of our page curation process, had the following comments:

Good start, needs more sources. I checked and they do exist. Happy editing!

To reply, leave a comment here and begin it with {{Re|North8000}}. Please remember to sign your reply with ~~~~. (Message delivered via the Page Curation tool, on behalf of the reviewer.)

North8000 (talk) 19:39, 26 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

DYK for Anitta's anal tattoo

On 29 January 2024, Did you know was updated with a fact from the article Anitta's anal tattoo, which you recently created, substantially expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ... that a tattoo on the anus of Brazilian singer Anitta ultimately led to inquiries to investigate the use of public funds in artists' concerts? The nomination discussion and review may be seen at Template:Did you know nominations/Anitta's anal tattoo. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or articles got while on the front page (here's how, Anitta's anal tattoo), and the hook may be added to the statistics page after its run on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from another recently created article, then please feel free to suggest it on the Did you know talk page.

Schwede66 01:54, 29 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Merger discussion for Anitta's anal tattoo

An article that you have been involved in editing—Anitta's anal tattoo—has been proposed for merging with another article. If you are interested, please participate in the merger discussion. Thank you. -- Tamzin[cetacean needed] (they|xe) 05:53, 29 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

making image smaller at Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell

any reasoning behind making the image .9 scale? LegalSmeagolian (talk) 01:06, 28 February 2024 (UTC)[reply]

@LegalSmeagolian, see WP:IMGSIZE: |upright=0.75 might be used for an image with little detail. Since it is a live streaming–extracted, 318 × 313 image, I decided to make it smaller (0.75 looked too small, 0.9 looked fine to me), but feel free to revert me if you want to. RodRabelo7 (talk) 01:27, 28 February 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Fair enough! at 1 it lines up with the caption but fine with sticking with the formatting. LegalSmeagolian (talk) 02:56, 28 February 2024 (UTC)[reply]

File:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell.png listed for discussion

A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell.png, has been listed at Wikipedia:Files for discussion. Please see the discussion to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. TarnishedPathtalk 14:51, 1 March 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Hello, i noticed you undid my edit on the Al-Rashid humanitarian aid incident where i added what i believed was a proper introduction, you didn't provide any reason in the edit summary nor did you care to start a thread on my talk page on this matter.

I would just like to know what the reason for this edit was? Hjemt (talk) 19:03, 2 March 2024 (UTC)[reply]