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''The Right Hon. '''Calamur Viravalli''''' '''Runganada Sastri''' (c.15 February 1819/1820 – 5 July 1881) was an Indian [[interpreter]], [[civil servant|jurist, civil servant]], [[polyglot (person)|polyglot]], and [[Social reformers of India|social reformer |
''The Right Hon. '''Calamur Viravalli''''' '''Runganada Sastri''' (c.15 February 1819/1820 – 5 July 1881) was an Indian [[interpreter]], [[civil servant|jurist, civil servant]], [[polyglot (person)|polyglot]], and [[Social reformers of India|social reformer]]. |
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In a time where higher positions were foreclosed to Indians, Sastri, in recognition of his brilliance, was nonetheless appointed a Fellow of the [[University of Madras]], rapidly thereafter becoming the first native Indian appointed to the judicature as a judge of the Small Claims Court, and, ultimately, to the [[Madras Legislative Council (1861–1891)|Legislative Council of Madras.]] |
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He was the first President of the revived [[Madras Native Association.|Madras Native Association]], and. a noted champion of [[women's rights]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jagadeesan |first=P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MNInAAAAYAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Marriage and Social Legislations in Tamil Nadu |date=1990 |publisher=Elatchiappen Publications |language=en}}</ref> advocating [[Female education in India|female education]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Oddie |first=Geoffrey A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RIimWSi9ylsC&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Social Protest in India: British Protestant Missionaries and Social Reforms, 1850-1900 |date=1979 |publisher=Manohar |isbn=978-0-8364-0195-0 |language=en}}</ref> and the reform of Hindu customary law and practice in [[Child marriage in India|child marriage]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gungwu |first=Wang |date=June 1973 |title=C. M. Turnbull: The Straits Settlements, 1826–67: Indian presidency to crown colony. (University of London Historical Studies, XXXII.) X, 428 pp., 2 maps. London: University of London, Athlone Press, 1972. £5.50. |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00134767 |journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=503–504 |doi=10.1017/s0041977x00134767 |s2cid=161707929 |issn=0041-977X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r5Lo4uXBtCMC&newbks=0&hl=en |title=History of Christianity in India: pt. 2. Tamilnadu in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries |date=1990 |publisher=Church History Association of India |language=en}}</ref> and founding the Hindu Widow Marriage Association with [[T. Muthuswamy Iyer|Sir T. Muthuswamy Iyer]] and [[R. Raghunatha Rao|Rai Raghunatha Rao]] in 1872 to promote [[widow remarriage]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sumathikamalam |first=Dr S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OE-9DwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA16&dq=mylapore+group+iyer&hl=en |title=WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF HELP GROUPS A special Reference with Tiruchirapalli city (1990-2008) |date=2019-11-08 |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1-7947-2248-4 |language=en}}</ref> |
He was the first President of the revived [[Madras Native Association.|Madras Native Association]], and. a noted champion of [[women's rights]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jagadeesan |first=P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MNInAAAAYAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Marriage and Social Legislations in Tamil Nadu |date=1990 |publisher=Elatchiappen Publications |language=en}}</ref> advocating [[Female education in India|female education]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Oddie |first=Geoffrey A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RIimWSi9ylsC&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Social Protest in India: British Protestant Missionaries and Social Reforms, 1850-1900 |date=1979 |publisher=Manohar |isbn=978-0-8364-0195-0 |language=en}}</ref> and the reform of Hindu customary law and practice in [[Child marriage in India|child marriage]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gungwu |first=Wang |date=June 1973 |title=C. M. Turnbull: The Straits Settlements, 1826–67: Indian presidency to crown colony. (University of London Historical Studies, XXXII.) X, 428 pp., 2 maps. London: University of London, Athlone Press, 1972. £5.50. |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00134767 |journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=503–504 |doi=10.1017/s0041977x00134767 |s2cid=161707929 |issn=0041-977X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r5Lo4uXBtCMC&newbks=0&hl=en |title=History of Christianity in India: pt. 2. Tamilnadu in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries |date=1990 |publisher=Church History Association of India |language=en}}</ref> and founding the Hindu Widow Marriage Association with [[T. Muthuswamy Iyer|Sir T. Muthuswamy Iyer]] and [[R. Raghunatha Rao|Rai Raghunatha Rao]] in 1872 to promote [[widow remarriage]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sumathikamalam |first=Dr S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OE-9DwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA16&dq=mylapore+group+iyer&hl=en |title=WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF HELP GROUPS A special Reference with Tiruchirapalli city (1990-2008) |date=2019-11-08 |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1-7947-2248-4 |language=en}}</ref> |
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He was progenitor of the '''''Calamur Viravalli''''' family of Iyer Brahmins, a line renowned for brilliance as jurisst and Sanskritists which would go on to dominate the highest echelons of Indian law, as well as political administration and Hindu theology; similarly, he was the ''guru'' or teacher to many of the eminent [[Iyer]] and [[Deshastha Brahmin]] scholars who would go on to preeminence as civil servants and administrators. |
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== Early life == |
== Early life == |
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Revision as of 04:58, 21 March 2024
Calamur Viravalli Runganada Sastri | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of C. V. Runganada Sastri | |
| Born | 1819 |
| Died | 5 July 1881 |
| Occupation(s) | civil servant, judge |
| Known for | polyglot, scholar |
| Children | C.V. Sundara Sastri P. Anandacharlu (adopted) |
The Right Hon. Calamur Viravalli Runganada Sastri (c.15 February 1819/1820 – 5 July 1881) was an Indian interpreter, jurist, civil servant, polyglot, and social reformer.
He was the first President of the revived Madras Native Association, and. a noted champion of women's rights,[1] advocating female education[2] and the reform of Hindu customary law and practice in child marriage,[3][4] and founding the Hindu Widow Marriage Association with Sir T. Muthuswamy Iyer and Rai Raghunatha Rao in 1872 to promote widow remarriage.[5]
Early life
C.V. Runganada Sastri was born in a poor Brahmin family from a village near Chittoor in the then North Arcot district in the year 1819.[6]
References
- ^ Jagadeesan, P. (1990). Marriage and Social Legislations in Tamil Nadu. Elatchiappen Publications.
- ^ Oddie, Geoffrey A. (1979). Social Protest in India: British Protestant Missionaries and Social Reforms, 1850-1900. Manohar. ISBN 978-0-8364-0195-0.
- ^ Gungwu, Wang (June 1973). "C. M. Turnbull: The Straits Settlements, 1826–67: Indian presidency to crown colony. (University of London Historical Studies, XXXII.) X, 428 pp., 2 maps. London: University of London, Athlone Press, 1972. £5.50". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 36 (2): 503–504. doi:10.1017/s0041977x00134767. ISSN 0041-977X. S2CID 161707929.
- ^ History of Christianity in India: pt. 2. Tamilnadu in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Church History Association of India. 1990.
- ^ Sumathikamalam, Dr S. (8 November 2019). WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF HELP GROUPS A special Reference with Tiruchirapalli city (1990-2008). Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-7947-2248-4.
- ^ Buckland, Charles Edward (1906). Dictionary of Indian biography. London: Swan Sonnnenschein & CO. pp. 375.
- Govinda Parameswaran Pillai (1897). Representative Indians. Routledge. pp. 143–156.