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Option 1

First Synod of Tyre

Article Evaluation:

Contextual Information

1. While the article provides some background information about the Christological and trinitarian debates, it could benefit from more detail about the political and ecclesiastical context in which the synod took place.
2. Inclusion of Aftermath: The article briefly mentions the aftermath of the synod, but it could provide more detail about the impact of the synod on Athanasius' career and the broader theological controversies of the time.

- The First Synod of Tyre, also known as the Council of Tyre, took place in 335 AD. It was convened by Emperor Constantine I to address charges against Athanasius, the Patriarch of Alexandria. Athanasius was accused of causing divisions, disturbances, and other misconduct by the Melitians and the "Arians." The council, consisting of about sixty bishops, condemned Athanasius, deposed him from his position, and excommunicated him. Athanasius appealed to the Emperor and was briefly reinstated but faced renewed opposition and exile. He later appealed to the West and was vindicated at the Council of Rome in 340.

Sources: Category:330s in the Roman Empire

Option 2

Article title: Councils of Carthage

Article Evaluation:

1) Expansion of Content - Some sections, such as the Synod of 251 and the Synod of 256, could be expanded to provide more context and detail about the events and decisions made at these councils.

The Councils of Carthage were church synods held in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th centuries in Carthage, Africa. They addressed various theological and disciplinary issues. Here are some key synods:

Synod of 251

1. Addressed the treatment of the Lapsi (Christians who had lapsed during persecution) and pronounced on their restoration.
2. Synod of 256: Pronounced against the validity of heretical baptism, leading to strained relations with the bishop of Rome.
3. Synod of 345: Declared against the rebaptism of those baptized in the name of the Trinity and issued canons of clerical discipline.
4. Synod of 397: Affirmed the canons of Hippo from 393 and issued its own canons, including a canon of the Bible.
5. Conference of 411: Held to terminate the Donatist schism, resulting in the violent suppression of the Donatists.
6. Council of 418: Assembled to address the errors of Caelestius, a disciple of Pelagius, and denounced Pelagian doctrines.
7. Council of 419: Led by Aurelius, bishop of Carthage, and attended by 217 bishops, it reaffirmed previous canons and issued new ones, including regulations on appeals.
8. Synod of 484: Called by the Vandal King Huneric to persuade Nicene bishops to convert to Arian Christianity, resulting in the exile and execution of many bishops.
9. Council of 525: Convened to re-establish power over Nicene bishops after the rule of Arian Vandal bishops. These councils played a significant role in the theological and ecclesiastical developments of the early Christian church in North Africa.

Sources: Category:250s in the Roman EmpireThis article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain

This article is missing information about Book Titles, Publication dates, Publishers & editions. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (November 2009)

1. ^ Hefele, 2nd ed., i. pp. 111 sqq. (English translation, i. Section 5, pp. 93 sqq.); Mansi, i. pp. 863 sqq., 905 sqq.; Hardouin, i. pp. 133 sqq., 147 sqq.; Cyprian, Epp. 52, 54, 55, 68.
2. ^ Hefele, 2nd ed., i. Section 6, pp. 117–119 (English translation, i. pp. 99 sqq.); Mansi, i. pp. 921 sqq., 951 sqq.; Hardouin, i. pp. 153 sqq.; Cyprian, Epp. 69–75.
3. ^
4. ^ Hefele, 2nd. ed., i. pp. 632–633 (English translation, ii. pp. 184–186); T Mansi's "Collection of Councils", part III, pp.143 sqq.; Hardouin, i. pp. 683 sqq. Summaries of the canons can be read in Right Rev. C J Hefele's "A history of the Christian councils: from the original documents, Volume 2" at pp.184–186. For the canons regarding clerical discipline see http://www.presbytersproject.ihuw.pl/index.php?id=6&SourceID=63 and following ER: 64, 65, 125–131.
5. ^ Denzinger 186 in the new numbering, 92 Archived 2010-04-18 at the Wayback Machine in the old
6. ^ The Latin text and English translation are from B. F. Westcott, A General Survey of the History of the Canon of the New Testament (5th ed. Edinburgh, 1881), pp. 440, 541–2.
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8. ^ Hefele, 2nd ed., ii. pp. 103–104 (English translation, ii. pp. 445–446); Mansi, iv. pp. 7–283 ; Hardouin, i. pp. 1043-f 190.
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12. ^ Jump up to:^{a b}
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14. ^  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
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16. ^  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
17. ^ Stefano Antionio Marcelli Africa Christiana in tres Partes Tributa Vol 1 p.253.
18. ^ JD Foge, The Cambridge History of Africa, (Cambridge University Press, 1979) p 481 Vol II.
19. ^ A HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN COUNCILS BOOK XII. Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine
20. ^

Option 3

Article title: Battle of Carthage (238)

Article Evaluation:

Background

1. Provide more information about the political and social context leading up to the Battle of Carthage, including details about Emperor Maximinus Thrax, Gordian I and II, and the reasons for the rebellion against Maximinus Thrax.
2. Course of the Battle: Describe the battle itself in more detail, including the strategies and tactics used by both sides, key events during the battle, and the ultimate outcome.
3. Key Figures: Provide more information about the key figures involved in the battle, such as Capelianus, Gordian II, and other important commanders or leaders.
4. Aftermath: Describe the immediate aftermath of the battle, including the impact on Carthage, the Roman Empire, and the political situation following the deaths of Gordian I and II.
5. Historical Significance: Discuss the historical significance of the Battle of Carthage, including how it impacted the Roman Empire and the broader historical context of the Crisis of the Third Century.

- The Battle of Carthage in 238 AD was fought between a Roman army loyal to Emperor Maximinus Thrax and the forces of Emperors Gordian I and Gordian II. Gordian I and II, father and son, were supported by the Roman Senate and based in Africa Province. The battle was part of a rebellion against Emperor Maximinus Thrax by landowners who felt overly taxed. Capelianus, governor of Numidia, led the legion against the two emperors. Gordian II led an army of untrained militiamen and was defeated and killed, leading to Gordian I's suicide. The Roman Senate then elected two new unpopular emperors before choosing 13-year-old Gordian III as the new Caesar.

Sources: Category:230s in the Roman Empire

Option 4

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Article Evaluation

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Option 5

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Article Evaluation

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