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[[File:Omai (Mai), Sir Joseph Banks and Daniel Charles Solander by William Parry.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|[[William Parry (artist)|William Parry]]'s painting ''Sir [[Joseph Banks]] with Omai and Dr [[Daniel Solander]]'', circa 1775–76]]
[[File:Omai (Mai), Sir Joseph Banks and Daniel Charles Solander by William Parry.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|[[William Parry (artist)|William Parry]]'s painting ''Sir [[Joseph Banks]] with Omai and Dr [[Daniel Solander]]'', circa 1775–76]]


'''Mai''' ({{circa}} 1751 – {{circa}} 1779), known as '''Omai''' in Britain, was a young [[Ra'iatea]]n man who became the second [[Pacific Islander]] to visit Europe, after [[Ahutoru]] who was brought to Paris by [[Louis Antoine de Bougainville|Bougainville]] in 1768.
'''Mai''' ({{circa}} 1751 – {{circa}} 1780<ref name="Connaughton" />), known as '''Omai''' in Britain, was a young [[Ra'iatea]]n man who became the second [[Pacific Islander]] to visit Europe, after [[Ahutoru]] who was brought to Paris by [[Louis Antoine de Bougainville|Bougainville]] in 1768.


== Life ==
== Life ==
Line 33: Line 33:
He was painted by Sir [[Joshua Reynolds]], among others; ''[[Portrait of Omai]]'' sold in 2001 for "the second highest price ever paid for a British picture", according to the ''[[Antiques Trade Gazette]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=The strange case of the dealer who went over the top |url=https://www.antiquestradegazette.com/news/2001/the-strange-case-of-the-dealer-who-went-over-the-top/ |access-date=29 December 2018 |work=www.antiquestradegazette.com |date=13 December 2001}}</ref> Omai's journey to England and subsequent return to Tahiti with [[Third voyage of James Cook|Cook's third voyage]] in 1776 became the subject of a theatrical production, written and directed by the dramatist [[John O'Keefe (British writer)|John O'Keefe]], entitled ''[[Omai – A Voyage ‘round the World]]'' that was performed during the 1785 Christmas season at the [[Royal Opera House|Theatre Royal]] in [[Covent Garden]].
He was painted by Sir [[Joshua Reynolds]], among others; ''[[Portrait of Omai]]'' sold in 2001 for "the second highest price ever paid for a British picture", according to the ''[[Antiques Trade Gazette]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=The strange case of the dealer who went over the top |url=https://www.antiquestradegazette.com/news/2001/the-strange-case-of-the-dealer-who-went-over-the-top/ |access-date=29 December 2018 |work=www.antiquestradegazette.com |date=13 December 2001}}</ref> Omai's journey to England and subsequent return to Tahiti with [[Third voyage of James Cook|Cook's third voyage]] in 1776 became the subject of a theatrical production, written and directed by the dramatist [[John O'Keefe (British writer)|John O'Keefe]], entitled ''[[Omai – A Voyage ‘round the World]]'' that was performed during the 1785 Christmas season at the [[Royal Opera House|Theatre Royal]] in [[Covent Garden]].


Omai returned to Huahine in August 1777, where Cook built him a European-style house, and provided furniture, gunpowder weapons, a vineyard, and two [[Māori people|Māori]] boys as servants. During the ''[[HMS Bounty|Bounty]]''{{'}}s visit to Tahiti in 1789, [[William Bligh|Captain Bligh]] was told that a couple years after Cook's departure in November 1777, Omai had died.<ref>{{cite press release | title = Temporary Export Bar For 'Outstanding' Reynolds' Portrait Of Omai | publisher = United Kingdom Department for Culture, Media and Sport | date = 17 December 2002 | url = http://www.culture.gov.uk/reference_library/media_releases/2884.aspx | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080727031027/http://www.culture.gov.uk/reference_library/media_releases/2884.aspx | url-status = dead | archive-date = 27 July 2008 | access-date = 6 December 2008 }}</ref> According to [[Richard Connaughton]], the "consensus" is that he died in 1780, within 30 months of Cook's departure while still only in his 20s, probably of natural causes, possibly from [[Spanish influenza]]. Before he died, he used his gunpowder weapons to fight a major battle against a competing tribe, which was a victory.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Connaughton |first = Richard |author-link=Richard Connaughton |title = Omai: The Prince Who Never Was |place = London |publisher = Timewell Press |year = 2005 |page=[https://archive.org/details/omaiprincewhonev0000conn/page/256/mode/2up 257-259] |isbn = 1-85725-205-5 }}</ref>
Omai returned to Huahine in August 1777, where Cook built him a European-style house, and provided furniture, gunpowder weapons, a vineyard, and two [[Māori people|Māori]] boys as servants. During the ''[[HMS Bounty|Bounty]]''{{'}}s visit to Tahiti in 1789, [[William Bligh|Captain Bligh]] was told that a couple years after Cook's departure in November 1777, Omai had died.<ref>{{cite press release | title = Temporary Export Bar For 'Outstanding' Reynolds' Portrait Of Omai | publisher = United Kingdom Department for Culture, Media and Sport | date = 17 December 2002 | url = http://www.culture.gov.uk/reference_library/media_releases/2884.aspx | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080727031027/http://www.culture.gov.uk/reference_library/media_releases/2884.aspx | url-status = dead | archive-date = 27 July 2008 | access-date = 6 December 2008 }}</ref> According to [[Richard Connaughton]], the "consensus" is that he died in 1780, within 30 months of Cook's departure while still only in his 20s, probably of natural causes, possibly from [[Spanish influenza]]. Before he died, he used his gunpowder weapons to fight a major battle against a competing tribe, which was a victory.<ref name="Connaughton">{{Cite book |last=Connaughton |first = Richard |author-link=Richard Connaughton |title = Omai: The Prince Who Never Was |place = London |publisher = Timewell Press |year = 2005 |page=[https://archive.org/details/omaiprincewhonev0000conn/page/256/mode/2up 257-259] |isbn = 1-85725-205-5 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 02:01, 15 April 2024

For other uses, see Omai (disambiguation).
Omai
Portrait of Omai by Joshua Reynolds, painted in 1776.
Portrait of Omai, a South Sea Islander who travelled to England with the second expedition of Captain Cook – Sir Joshua Reynolds, 1776
Born
Mai

c. 1751
Ra'iatea, Society Islands, Polynesia
Died1779 (aged 27–28)
Huahine, Society Islands, Polynesia
Other namesOmai
Known for
Omai of the Friendly Isles by Sir Joshua Reynolds, c.1774
William Parry's painting Sir Joseph Banks with Omai and Dr Daniel Solander, circa 1775–76

Mai (c. 1751 – c. 1780[1]), known as Omai in Britain, was a young Ra'iatean man who became the second Pacific Islander to visit Europe, after Ahutoru who was brought to Paris by Bougainville in 1768.

Life

Ma'i, born c. 1751, described himself as a hoa, or 'attendant upon the king', the son of a Ra'iatea landowner. His father was killed by Puni's Borabora warriors. Fleeing to Tahiti, Ma'i was wounded in the encounter with the Dolphin in 1767. Ma'i then became an apprentice to a priest. Returning to Ra'iatea, he was captured and taken to Borabora. Narrowly escaping death there, he escaped to Huahine.[2]

Omai met Samuel Wallis in 1767 and Captain James Cook in 1769 in Tahiti.[3] In August 1773 he embarked from Huahine on the British ship HMS Adventure, commanded by Tobias Furneaux, which had previously touched at Tahiti as part of Cook's second voyage of discovery in the Pacific. Omai travelled to Europe on Adventure, arriving at London in October 1774 where he was introduced into British society by the naturalist Sir Joseph Banks (whom he had also met during Cook's first voyage).[4][5]

During his two-year stay in England, Omai became much admired within London high society. Renowned for his charm, quick wit and exotic good looks, he quickly became a favourite of the aristocratic elite.[5] Banks regularly invited Omai to dine with the Royal Society and arranged meetings with notable celebrities, including Lord Sandwich, Dr Samuel Johnson, Frances Burney and Anna Seward, among others.[5] Richard Holmes remarks that Omai's idiosyncratic behaviour and distinctive bow were widely celebrated.[5] Indeed, during one famed meeting with King George III at Kew, Omai is said to have delivered his bow then grasped the King's hand, declaring, "How do, King Tosh!", an awkward but endearing attempt at "George", which the King did not seem to mind.[6]

He was painted by Sir Joshua Reynolds, among others; Portrait of Omai sold in 2001 for "the second highest price ever paid for a British picture", according to the Antiques Trade Gazette.[7] Omai's journey to England and subsequent return to Tahiti with Cook's third voyage in 1776 became the subject of a theatrical production, written and directed by the dramatist John O'Keefe, entitled Omai – A Voyage ‘round the World that was performed during the 1785 Christmas season at the Theatre Royal in Covent Garden.

Omai returned to Huahine in August 1777, where Cook built him a European-style house, and provided furniture, gunpowder weapons, a vineyard, and two Māori boys as servants. During the Bounty's visit to Tahiti in 1789, Captain Bligh was told that a couple years after Cook's departure in November 1777, Omai had died.[8] According to Richard Connaughton, the "consensus" is that he died in 1780, within 30 months of Cook's departure while still only in his 20s, probably of natural causes, possibly from Spanish influenza. Before he died, he used his gunpowder weapons to fight a major battle against a competing tribe, which was a victory.[1]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Omai.
  1. ^ a b Connaughton, Richard (2005). Omai: The Prince Who Never Was. London: Timewell Press. p. 257-259. ISBN 1-85725-205-5.
  2. ^ Salmond, Anne (2010). Aphrodite's Island. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 283-284, 389-402. ISBN 9780520261143.
  3. ^ Quanchi, Max (2005). Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands. The Scarecrow Press. p. 200. ISBN 0810853957.
  4. ^ Salmond, Anne (2003). The Trial of the Cannibal Dog: The Remarkable Story of Captain Cook's Encounters in the South Seas. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-300-10092-1.
  5. ^ a b c d Holmes, Richard (2009). The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science. London: Harper Press. pp. 50-51.
  6. ^ O'Brian, Patrick (1988). Joseph Banks: A Life. Collins Harvill. p. 181. ISBN 0002723409.
  7. ^ "The strange case of the dealer who went over the top". www.antiquestradegazette.com. 13 December 2001. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  8. ^ "Temporary Export Bar For 'Outstanding' Reynolds' Portrait Of Omai" (Press release). United Kingdom Department for Culture, Media and Sport. 17 December 2002. Archived from the original on 27 July 2008. Retrieved 6 December 2008.

Further reading

  • Omai, Captain Cook Birthplace Museum website
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