2012 elections in India: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 03:56, 28 May 2024
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The elections in 2012 were scheduled for seven Vidhan Sabhas and several local elections were also conducted. The 14th presidential election to elect the 13th president of the republic was also held in 2012. The tenure of the legislative assemblies of Goa, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand were to expire during the year. The Election Commission of India issued the dates for the elections in Manipur, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Goa to take place in the first quarter of the year. Whereas the elections were held in Himachal Pradesh and Gujarat in the last quarter of the year.
In the first rounds of elections, Manipur and Punjab resulted in an incumbent government victory; while in Uttar Pradesh and Goa there was a heavy anti-incumbent victory; and Uttarakhand resulted in a hung assembly with an anti-incumbent plurality and in the second round, in Himachal Pradesh, BJP led by incumbent Chief Minister Prem Kumar Dhumal lost due to a huge anti-incumbency wave arising mainly out of corruption and lack of good governance. Congress veteran leader Virbhadra Singh took oath for record sixth term as next Chief Minister. In the western state of Gujarat incumbent Chief Minister Narendra Modi, in power since 2002, was running for his fourth term. Elections, held in two phases, reverted Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), in power in Gujarat since 1995, with 119 seat out of 182.
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India portal |
Presidential election
The 14th indirect presidential election, in order to elect the 13th president, was held in India on 19 July 2012.[1] On 22 July, Pranab Mukherjee was declared the winner.[2] Mukheree gained 373,116 MP votes and 340,647 MLA votes for a total of 713,763 votes to win the election. He defeated P. A. Sangma, who got 145,848 MP votes and 170,139 MLA votes for a total of 315,987 votes.[3] Mukherjee's win was aided by cross-voting.[4]
Legislative Assembly elections
Goa
The Indian National Congress has been governing Goa since 2005 with coalition partners, despite a controversial vote of confidence.[citation needed] It will go to the election with its ally, the Nationalist Congress Party, under Chief Minister Digambar Kamat.[citation needed] The main opposition BJP will go to the election under the leadership of former Chief Minister Manohar Parrikar. Corruption over mining is expected to be an issue in the election,[5] as well as the BJP's attempts to reach out to Catholic voters.[6]
The election took place on 3 March. The result was announced on 6 March.
| Party | Seats contested | Seats won | Seat change | Vote share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party | 28 | 21 |  7
|
34.68% |
| Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party | 7 | 3 | 1
|
6.72% |
| Indian National Congress | 34 | 9 |  7
|
30.78% |
| Nationalist Congress Party | 6 | 0 | 3
|
4.08% |
| United Goans Democratic Party | 7 | 0 | 1
|
1.17% |
| Goa Vikas Party | 9 | 2 | 2
|
3.5% |
| Save Goa Front | 0 | 0 | 2
|
0% |
| Independents | 72 | 5 | 3
|
16.67% |
| Total | — | 40 | — | — |
The BJP emerged as the largest party and along with its coalition partner, the MGP, is set to form the next government. Manohar Parrikar is poised to be the chief ministerial candidate.
Manipur
Okram Ibobi Singh of the Indian National Congress has led Manipur for two consecutive full terms. The main opposition consists of the Manipur People's Party, Bharatiya Janata Party, Nationalist Congress Party and Janata Dal – United.[8]
There are 60 constituencies for which 2,357 polling stations are to be set up. In a total electorate of 17,40,820 people; 8,51,323 are men and 8,89,497 are women. The major issues are territorial integrity (which ensues from the entry of the Nagaland People's Front (the ruling party in neighbouring Nagaland) into the electoral politics of Manipur), the road blockades of National Highways 39 and 53 and the role of insurgents.[9]
The election took place on 28 January. The result was announced on 6 March.[10][11] as shown below:[12][13]
| Rank | Party | Seats Contested | Seats Won | % Votes | % Votes in Seats Contested |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indian National Congress (INC) | 60 | 42 | 42.43 | 42.43 |
| 2 | All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) | 47 | 7 | 17.01 | 21.78 |
| 3 | Manipur State Congress Party | 31 | 5 | 8.39 | 17.08 |
| 4 | Naga People's Front (NPF) | 11 | 4 | 6.65 | 32.05 |
| 5 | Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) | 23 | 1 | 7.23 | 19.26 |
| 5 | Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) | 1 | 1 | 0.54 | 35.78 |
| Total | 60 |
Punjab
Punjab forms the northwest part of India. Its capital is Chandigarh, which is a Union territory and also a capital of Haryana.
In the political scenario, Punjab has three main parties divided into two factions, NDA and Congress. The NDA part consists of Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) and Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP), while UPA is dominated mainly by the Congress. The SAD consists of several break-away factions of what once was a unified Akali Dal. BJP has mainly played a supporting role, mainly trying to consolidate the Hindu votes in favour of the alliance. Congress had an upper hand in the 2002 assembly elections, but SAD+BJP combine bounced back quite easily in the 2007 polls.
Punjab Elections 2012 Date:
The state will go to polls in a single phase on 30 Jan 2012 and Punjab election results will be declared on 4 March 2012.
| Political Party | No. of Seats |
|---|---|
| Akali Dal | 56 |
| BJP | 12 |
| Congress | 46 |
| Others | 3 |
Punjab has traditionally voted anti-incumbency in assembly elections. The incumbent government is an alliance of the Shiromani Akali Dal and the Bharatiya Janta Party under Chief Minister Parkash Singh Badal. The opposition Indian National Congress contested the election under the leadership of former Chief Minister Captain Amarinder Singh. The governance of the ruling coalition was the main election issue, besides the issue of the potential succession of the chief minister's son, Sukhbir Singh Badal.[14][15]
A new entrant was the front Sanjha Morcha which consists of the newly formed People's Party of Punjab (PPP) led by former finance minister Manpreet Singh Badal. The Sanjha Morcha consists of the PPP, the Communist Party of India, the Communist Party of India - Marxist and the Akali Dal (Longowal).[citation needed]
The election took place on 30 January, with the result announced on 6 March.[11] The result is shown below:[12]
| Rank | Party | Seats Contested | Seats Won | % Votes | % Votes in Seats Cont. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) | 94 | 56 | 34.59 | 42.19 |
| 3 | Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) | 23 | 12 | 7.15 | 39.73 |
| 2 | Indian National Congress | 117 | 46 | 39.92 | 39.92 |
| 4 | Independent | - | 3 | 7.13 | |
| Total | 117 |
Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand has turned out incumbent governments in the two elections held since its creation. The Bharatiya Janata Party fought the election under the leadership of its Chief Minister Bhuwan Chandra Khanduri. The main opposition Indian National Congress was led in the assembly by Harak Singh Rawat, but no Chief Ministerial candidate has been proposed. The interim tenure of former Chief Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal, which was marked by large-scale corruption accusations, was likely to be the main election issue.[16]
The election took place on 30 January, with the result announced on 6 March.[11] The INC's Vijay Bahuguna was appointed CM despite not having won a vote to be the party's leader in the legislative assembly. This came under criticism over corruption and caste as 24 of the 32 MLAs boycotted the swearing-in in support of the Rajput candidate Harish Rawat (whose caste is now a majority in Uttarakhand) as opposed to the Brahmin CM. Rawat also had the support of the outgoing leader of the opposition Harak Singh Rawat.[17][18] The detailed result is given below:[12]
| Rank | Party | Seats Contested | Seats Won | % Votes | % Votes in Seats Contested |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indian National Congress (INC) | 70 | 32 | 33.79 | 33.79 |
| 3 | Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) | 70 | 3 | 12.19 | 12.19 |
| 4 | Independents | 3 | 12.34 | ||
| 5 | Uttarakhand Kranti Dal (P) | 44 | 1 | 1.93 | 3.18 |
| 2 | Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) | 70 | 31 | 33.13 | 33.13 |
| Total | 70 |
Notably the incumbent CM B. C. Khanduri lost his seat.
Vijay Bahuguna Won Bye-Election held on 8 July from Sitarganj seat vacated due to resignation of BJP MLA Kiran Mandal.
Thus Increasing Congress Seats to 33
And Reducing BJP strength to 30
Uttar Pradesh
Mayawati's Bahujan Samaj Party completed its first full-term;[citation needed] however, it came under criticism for corruption and publicity for the erection of statues and parks in honour of its chief minister. In the run-up to the election, the BSP fired some ministers and denied re-election to sitting legislators to avoid the corruption stigma.[19] Another important issue was the proposed division into four smaller provinces to which the primary opposition party, the Samajwadi Party, is opposed.[20]
The election was conducted in seven phases on 8, 11, 15, 19, 23, 28 February and 3 March. Voter turnout was nearly 59.5% voters exercising their franchise. The result was announced 6 March 2012,[10][11] with Akhilesh Yadav being the Chief Minister-designate of UP.[citation needed] The detailed result is shown below:
| Rank | Party | Seats Contested | Seats Won | Seats Changed | % Votes | % Votes in Seats Contested |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Samajwadi Party (SP) | 401 | 224 | + 127 | 29.16 | 29.28 |
| 2 | Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) | 403 | 80 | - 126 | 25.92 | 25.92 |
| 3 | Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) | 398 | 47 | - 4 | 15.0 | 15.2 |
| 4 | Indian National Congress (INC) | 355 | 28 | + 6 | 11.63 | 13.22 |
| 5 | Rashtriya Lok Dal (RLD) | 46 | 9 | - 1 | 2.33 | 20.07 |
| 6 | Independents | 6 | - 3 | 4.13 | ||
| 7 | Peace Party | 208 | 4 | 2.36 | 4.53 | |
| 8 | Quami Ekta Dal | 43 | 2 | 0.55 | 5.31 | |
| 9 | Apna Dal | 76 | 1 | + 1 | 0.9 | 4.86 |
| 9 | Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) | 127 | 1 | + 1 | 0.33 | 1.05 |
| 9 | Ittehad-E-Millait Council (IEMC) | 18 | 1 | + 1 | 0.25 | 5.61 |
| Total | 403 |
Gujarat
Polls in Gujarat took place in two phases: First phase on 13 December 2012 and second phase on 17 December 2012. The counting was held on 20 December 2012. The BJP have held a majority in the state since 1995 and went to the election under the leadership of Chief Minister Narendra Modi. The Indian National Congress was the main opposition, but did not specified a chief ministerial candidate.
Counting of votes completed on 20 December 2012 before evening which started from 8.00am across the Gujarat State at specified location in every district. Results of the election are as following:
Total Seats: 182
Results declared: 182
[21][22]
| Party | Seats won |
|---|---|
| BJP (Bharatiya Janata Party) | 115 |
| Congress (Indian National Congress) | 61 |
| GPP (Gujarat Parivartan Party) | 2 |
| NCP (Nationalist Congress Party) | 2 |
| JD(U) (Janata Dal (United)) | 1 |
| Independent | 1 |
The BJP lost in 16 contests by a margin of less than 2%.[23] The Congress won 46% seats with a margin of less than 5%.[24]
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh has 68 assembly seats, with 17 reserved for SCs and 3 for ST.
| |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Seats contested |
Seats won |
Seat change |
Vote share |
Swing | ||
| Indian National Congress | 68 | 36 | 13 |
||||
| Bharatiya Janata Party | 68 | 26 | 16 |
||||
| Himachal Lokhit Party | 33 | 1 | |||||
| Independent | 68 | 5 | |||||
| Total | 68 | 68 | - | ||||
| Turnout: 74.62 per cent | |||||||
| Source: Election Commission of India Archived 18 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine | |||||||
Assembly By-elections
| S.No | Date | Constituency | MLA before election | Party before election | Elected MLA | Party after election | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | 10 March 2012 | Adilabad | Jogu Ramanna | Telugu Desam Party | Jogu Ramanna | Telangana Rashtra Samithi | ||
| 16 | 18 March 2012 | Kamareddy | Gampa Govardhan | Telugu Desam Party | Gampa Govardhan | Telangana Rashtra Samithi | ||
| 74 | 18 March 2012 | Mahbubnagar | N. Rajeshwar Reddy | Independent | Yennam Srinivas Reddy | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
| 81 | 18 March 2012 | Mahbubnagar | Nagam Janardhan Reddy | Telugu Desam Party | Nagam Janardhan Reddy | Independent | ||
| 85 | 18 March 2012 | Kollapur | Jupally Krishna Rao | Indian National Congress | Jupally Krishna Rao | Telangana Rashtra Samithi | ||
| 99 | 18 March 2012 | Kollapur | T. Rajaiah | Indian National Congress | T. Rajaiah | Telangana Rashtra Samithi | ||
| S.No | Date | Constituency | MLA before election | Party before election | Elected MLA | Party after election | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 85 | 17 March 2012 | Piravom | T. M. Jacob | Kerala Congress (Jacob) | Anoop Jacob | Kerala Congress (Jacob) | ||
Local elections
Municipal elections were held in various cities across Maharashtra on 16 February. In different cities elections results were mixed by party. The capital, Mumbai, resulted in a plurality for the Shiv Sena and the second largest city of Pune resulted in a Nationalist Congress Party plurality.
See also
References
- ^ "Election to the office of President of India, 2012 (14th Presidential election)" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 12 June 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
- ^ "Pranab Mukherjee voted India's 13th President". The Times of India. 22 July 2012. Archived from the original on 16 March 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Maya Sharma (22 July 2012). "Pranab Mukherjee helped by cross voting in Karnataka BJP". NDTV.com.
- ^ Indian iron ore corruption scandal spreads to Goa Archived 11 September 2012 at archive.today. MINING.com. Retrieved on 6 January 2012.
- ^ BJP seeks to make inroads into Catholic vote bank | iGoa[permanent dead link]. Navhindtimes.in (24 December 2011). Retrieved on 6 January 2012.
- ^ Statistical Report on General Election, 2012, to the Legislative Assembly of Goa (Report). Election Commission of India.
- ^ The Assam Tribune Online Archived 5 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Assamtribune.com (30 December 2011). Retrieved on 6 January 2012.
- ^ In Manipur, a tough battle looms The Hindu, 21-01-2012
- ^ a b "Partywise Result". Archived from the original on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 7 March 2012.
- ^ a b c d Election Commission of India. Press note. 24 December 2011
- ^ a b c "Partywise Result". Archived from the original on 3 July 2014.
- ^ Press Trust of India (6 March 2012). "Assembly election results: Counting begins for 60 seats in Manipur". NDTV.com.
- ^ SAD need to defy history and anti-incumbency to win January assembly elections @ www.punjabnewsline.com Archived 8 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Punjabnewsline.com (28 December 2011). Retrieved on 6 January 2012.
- ^ Punjab polls: Family woes keep CM Badal on toes : North News – India Today. Indiatoday.intoday.in (26 December 2011). Retrieved on 6 January 2012.
- ^ Uttarakhand CM Nishank may be asked to step down :Sources : Bharatiya Janata Party News[permanent dead link]. Connect.in.com (10 September 2011). Retrieved on 6 January 2012.
- ^ "Revolt erupts in Uttarakhand as Harish Rawat denied CM post". The Times of India. 14 March 2012.
- ^ "Uttarakhand: Sorry state of Congress". dna. 14 March 2012.
- ^ Business Line : Industry & Economy / Government & Policy : Mayawati likely to sack more Ministers in image makeover. Thehindubusinessline.com. Retrieved on 6 January 2012.
- ^ BBC News - India: Uttar Pradesh assembly backs state division. Bbc.co.uk (21 November 2011). Retrieved on 6 January 2012.
- ^ "Gujarat Assembly Election 2012, Live poll Results update". Aaj Tak. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
- ^ "Partywise Results". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
- ^ "Lowest Margin". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 20 December 2012..
- ^ "Close Contest". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
External links
Media related to 2012 elections in India at Wikimedia Commons
