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{{Infobox programming language
{{Infobox programming language
| name = Pony
| name = Pony
| logo = Main-galloping.svg
| logo = Main-galloping.svg
| paradigm = [[Actor model]], [[object-oriented programming|Object-oriented]], [[Imperative programming|Imperative]]
| paradigm = [[Actor model]], [[object-oriented programming|Object-oriented]], [[Imperative programming|Imperative]]
| designer = Sylvan Clebsch
| designer = Sylvan Clebsch
| influenced by = [[E (programming language)|E]]
| influenced by = [[E (programming language)|E]]
| influenced = {{URL|https://www.gitbook.com/book/stw/the-encore-programming-language/details|Encore}}, [[Project Verona]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Verona FAQ |url=https://github.com/microsoft/verona/blob/master/docs/faq.md |website=Github}}</ref>, [https://github.com/savi-lang/savi Savi], [https://inko-lang.org/ Inko]
| influenced = {{URL|https://www.gitbook.com/book/stw/the-encore-programming-language/details|Encore}}, [[Project Verona]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Verona FAQ |url=https://github.com/microsoft/verona/blob/master/docs/faq.md |website=Github}}</ref>, [https://github.com/savi-lang/savi Savi], [https://inko-lang.org/ Inko]
| latest_release_version = 0.58.5
| latest_release_version = 0.58.5
| latest_release_date = {{start date and age|2024|06|01}}
| latest_release_date = {{start date and age|2024|06|01}}
| typing = [[strong typing|strong]], [[static typing|static]], [[type inference|inferred]], [[nominal typing|nominal]], [[structural typing|structural]]
| typing = [[strong typing|strong]], [[static typing|static]], [[type inference|inferred]], [[nominal typing|nominal]], [[structural typing|structural]]
| website = {{URL|http://www.ponylang.org}}
| website = {{URL|http://www.ponylang.org}}
| year = {{release date and age|2012|11|09}}
| year = {{release date and age|2012|11|09}}
| license = [[BSD licenses|BSD]]-2.<ref>https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc/blob/master/LICENSE</ref>
| license = [[BSD licenses|BSD]]-2.<ref>https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc/blob/master/LICENSE</ref>
| programming_language = [[C (programming language)|C]]
| programming_language = [[C (programming language)|C]]
}}
}}


'''Pony''' (sometimes referred to as '''ponylang''') is a [[Free software|free]] and [[open-source|open source]], object-oriented, actor model, capabilities-secure, high performance programming language. Pony's reference capabilities allow even mutable data to be safely passed between actors ''by reference''. Garbage collection is performed concurrently, per-actor, without the need to "stop the world".
'''Pony''' (sometimes referred to as '''ponylang''') is a [[Free software|free]] and [[open-source|open source]], object-oriented, actor model, capabilities-secure, high performance programming language. Pony's reference capabilities allow even mutable data to be safely passed ''by reference'' between actors. Garbage collection is performed concurrently, per-actor, without the need to "stop the world".


==Language design==
==Language design==
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There are no global variables in Pony, everything must be contained within an instance of a class or an actor. As such, even the environment that allows for printing to '''stdout''' is passed as a parameter.
There are no global variables in Pony, everything must be contained within an instance of a class or an actor. As such, even the environment that allows for printing to '''stdout''' is passed as a parameter.

==History==
In 2011, Sylvan Clebsch created a C-based actor library in order to solve some real problems for software he was creating. Ultimately this library became the first implementation of Pony in 2012.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 01:30, 21 June 2024


Pony
ParadigmActor model, Object-oriented, Imperative
Designed bySylvan Clebsch
First appearedNovember 9, 2012; 12 years ago (2012-11-09)
Stable release
0.58.5 / June 1, 2024; 6 months ago (2024-06-01)
Typing disciplinestrong, static, inferred, nominal, structural
Implementation languageC
LicenseBSD-2.[1]
Websitewww.ponylang.org
Influenced by
E
Influenced
Encore, Project Verona[2], Savi, Inko

Pony (sometimes referred to as ponylang) is a free and open source, object-oriented, actor model, capabilities-secure, high performance programming language. Pony's reference capabilities allow even mutable data to be safely passed by reference between actors. Garbage collection is performed concurrently, per-actor, without the need to "stop the world".

Language design

At its core, Pony is a systems language designed around safety and performance.

Safety

  • Type Safety - Pony is a type safe language.[3]
  • Memory Safety - There are no dangling pointers and no buffer overruns. There is no null but optional types can be safely represented using unions with the None type.
  • Exception Safety - There are no runtime exceptions. All exceptions have defined semantics and they are always caught.
  • Concurrency Safety - The type system employs reference capabilities[4] to ensure (at compile time) that your program is free of data races and deadlocks.

Performance

  • Lock-Free - By design, Pony avoids the need for traditional locking mechanisms, which eliminates the overhead and contention associated with locks.
  • Native Code - Pony is an ahead-of-time (AOT) compiled language. There is no interpreter or virtual machine
  • Concurrent Garbage Collection - Each actor's heap is collected separately and concurrently, avoiding the need to "stop the world" for global collection.

Examples

A few examples of idiomatic Pony follow.

Hello World

In Pony, instead of a main function, there is a main actor. The creation of this actor serves as the entry point into the Pony program. 

actor Main
  new create(env: Env) =>
    env.out.print("Hello, world!")

There are no global variables in Pony, everything must be contained within an instance of a class or an actor. As such, even the environment that allows for printing to stdout is passed as a parameter.

References

  1. ^ https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc/blob/master/LICENSE
  2. ^ "Verona FAQ". Github.
  3. ^ https://www.ponylang.org/media/papers/fast-cheap.pdf
  4. ^ Sylvan Clebsch, Sophia Drossopoulou, Sebastian Blessing, Andy McNeil (October 2015). "Deny capabilities for safe, fast actors". In Elisa Gonzalez Boix, Philipp Haller, Alessandro Ricci, Carlos Varela (ed.). AGERE! 2015: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Programming Based on Actors, Agents, and Decentralized Control. Pittsburgh, PA, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 1–12. doi:10.1145/2824815.2824816. ISBN 9781450339018.{{cite conference}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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