Konstantin Erastov: Difference between revisions
Shabashewitz (talk | contribs) |
Shabashewitz (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
==Early life== |
==Early life== |
||
Erastov's mother, [[Zinaida Zhitomirskaya]], was a native of [[Dnipro]], [[Ukraine]], and a member of the [[Zhitomirsky family]] known as a "Jewish dynasty of academics from Taganrog". She named her son after her grandfather [[Konstantin Zhitomirsky|Konstantin Israel Zhitomirsky]], a |
Erastov's mother, [[Zinaida Zhitomirskaya]], was a native of [[Dnipro]], [[Ukraine]], and a member of the [[Zhitomirsky family]] known as a "Jewish dynasty of academics from Taganrog". She named her son after her grandfather [[Konstantin Zhitomirsky|Konstantin Israel Zhitomirsky]], a Yiddish scholar and pedagogue. Konstantin Erastov's father, Oleg Erastov, was a lecturer at the Moscow Planetarium.<ref>{{cite web|title = Житомирские. Семья таганрогских ученых [Zhitomirsky. A family of researchers from Taganrog]|website = Таганрогская Правда|url = https://taganrogprav.ru/zhitomirskie-semya-taganrogskih-uchenyh/|date = 2021-04-08|language = ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1 = Файн|first1 = Виктор|last2 = Вершинин|first2 = Сергей|title = Таганрогские Сабсовичи и их потомки. Опыт генеалогического исследования [The Sabsovich family of Taganrog. A genealogical study]|year = 2013|publisher = Триумф|location = Москва|language = ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title = Московский планетарий в годы Великой Отечественной войны|website = Московский планетарий|url = https://www.planetarium-moscow.ru/about/news/zvezdnyy-dom-v-gody-voyny/}}</ref> |
||
Kostantin was born in [[Moscow]] but spent his childhood in [[Dushanbe]], [[Tajikistan]], where his grandfather [[Viktor Zhitomirsky]] worked as an epidemiologist. After returning to Moscow, he studied linguistics. In 1960, he joined the USSR's first machine translation lab at [[Moscow State Linguistic University]] as a researcher. He wrote several papers on early methods of machine translation and translated a number of works by [[Joseph Greenberg]] and other Western linguists for the Soviet journal ''The New in Foreign Linguistics''.<ref>{{cite web|title = Machine Translation: History|website = [[A.S. Pushkin Brest State University]]|url = https://lab314.brsu.by/kmp-lite/kmp2/Translation/History-Theory/MT-history.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last = Успенский|first = В. А.|title = Серебряный век структурной, прикладной и математической лингвистики в СССР и В. Ю. Розенцвейг. Как это начиналось (заметки очевидца)|website = History of Computing|url = https://historyofcomputing.tripod.com/essays/VAU.HTM}}</ref> |
Kostantin was born in [[Moscow]] but spent his childhood in [[Dushanbe]], [[Tajikistan]], where his grandfather [[Viktor Zhitomirsky]] worked as an epidemiologist. After returning to Moscow, he studied linguistics. In 1960, he joined the USSR's first machine translation lab at [[Moscow State Linguistic University]] as a researcher. He wrote several papers on early methods of machine translation and translated a number of works by [[Joseph Greenberg]] and other Western linguists for the Soviet journal ''The New in Foreign Linguistics''.<ref>{{cite web|title = Machine Translation: History|website = [[A.S. Pushkin Brest State University]]|url = https://lab314.brsu.by/kmp-lite/kmp2/Translation/History-Theory/MT-history.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last = Успенский|first = В. А.|title = Серебряный век структурной, прикладной и математической лингвистики в СССР и В. Ю. Розенцвейг. Как это начиналось (заметки очевидца)|website = History of Computing|url = https://historyofcomputing.tripod.com/essays/VAU.HTM}}</ref> |
||
Revision as of 21:14, 24 June 2024
Konstantin Erastov | |
|---|---|
| Born | 8 February 1939 Moscow, USSR |
| Died | 15 January 1996 (aged 56) New York City, US |
| Nationality | Soviet, American |
| Occupation | translator |
Konstantin Erastov was a Soviet intellectual, linguist and translator primarily known for his Moscow salon, a center for dissident life and independent arts.
Early life
Erastov's mother, Zinaida Zhitomirskaya, was a native of Dnipro, Ukraine, and a member of the Zhitomirsky family known as a "Jewish dynasty of academics from Taganrog". She named her son after her grandfather Konstantin Israel Zhitomirsky, a Yiddish scholar and pedagogue. Konstantin Erastov's father, Oleg Erastov, was a lecturer at the Moscow Planetarium.[1][2][3]
Kostantin was born in Moscow but spent his childhood in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, where his grandfather Viktor Zhitomirsky worked as an epidemiologist. After returning to Moscow, he studied linguistics. In 1960, he joined the USSR's first machine translation lab at Moscow State Linguistic University as a researcher. He wrote several papers on early methods of machine translation and translated a number of works by Joseph Greenberg and other Western linguists for the Soviet journal The New in Foreign Linguistics.[4][5]
The Erastovs' house in Moscow
In the 1960s and 1970s, Konstantin Erastov, his first wife Tatiana Tankhilevich (Milman) and their seven children lived in a historic building on Bolshoy Gnezdnikovsky Lane in downtown Moscow. Their house was an important gathering point for Soviet dissidents and independent artists of their generation. The Erastovs' house has been featured in several tourist guides and local history books as an unusually late example of the old Russian salon culture which was almost fully wiped out by the Bolsheviks.[6][7]
A detailed description of the Erastov's house and its notable frequenters such as the Soviet human rights activist and political prisoner Victor Krasin was written by the Russian linguist Georgy Lesskis.[8]
In 1960, Gennadiy Aygi, another frequent guest of the Erastovs' house, dedicated his poem House of Friends to Konstantin Erastov and his wife Tatiana.[9]
In 2010, Moscow-based XL gallery hosted an exhibition by Igor Makarevich featuring photos of and objects from the Erastovs' salon with a special focus on the emigration of the Erastov family to the United States in 1978.[10]
References
- ^ "Житомирские. Семья таганрогских ученых [Zhitomirsky. A family of researchers from Taganrog]". Таганрогская Правда (in Russian). 2021-04-08.
- ^ Файн, Виктор; Вершинин, Сергей (2013). Таганрогские Сабсовичи и их потомки. Опыт генеалогического исследования [The Sabsovich family of Taganrog. A genealogical study] (in Russian). Москва: Триумф.
- ^ "Московский планетарий в годы Великой Отечественной войны". Московский планетарий.
- ^ "Machine Translation: History". A.S. Pushkin Brest State University.
- ^ Успенский, В. А. "Серебряный век структурной, прикладной и математической лингвистики в СССР и В. Ю. Розенцвейг. Как это начиналось (заметки очевидца)". History of Computing.
- ^ "Аудиопрогулка «Большая квартирная. По московским салонам XIX–XX веков вдоль Тверской улицы» [A walk through Moscow salons of the 19th and 20th centuries along Tverskaya Street. An audio tour]". MosKultProg (in Russian). 2021-07-22.
- ^ The Garage Museum of Contemporary Art (2021). "Дом Эрастовых в Гнездниковском [The Erastovs' house on Gnezdnikovsky Lane]". Soundcloud (in Russian).
- ^ Lesskis, G. "Воспоминания об Эрастовых [Memories of the Erastov family]". Yakov Krotov.
- ^ Айги, Г. (2020). Провинция живых. Санкт-Петербург: Пальмира.
- ^ Makarevich, Igor (2010). "Дом Эрастовых [The Erastovs' House]". XL Gallery.