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'''Australaves'''<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kimball RT, Wang N, Heimer-McGinn V, Ferguson C, Braun EL |year=2013 |title=Identifying localized biases in large datasets: A case study using the Avian Tree of Life. |publisher=Mol Phylogenet Evol |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.029 |volume=69 |issue=3 |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |pages=1021–1032 |pmid=23791948}}</ref> is a recently defined<ref name=ericson2012>{{cite journal|last1=Ericson |first1=P. G. |year=2012 |title=Evolution of terrestrial birds in three continents: biogeography and parallel radiations |journal=Journal of Biogeography |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=813–824 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02650.x | jstor=41496062 |bibcode=2012JBiog..39..813E |s2cid=85599747 }}</ref> [[clade]] of [[bird]]s, consisting of the [[Eufalconimorphae]] ([[passerine]]s, [[parrot]]s and [[falcon]]s) as well as the [[Cariamiformes]] (including [[seriema]]s and the extinct "[[terror bird]]s").<ref name=Prum2015>Prum, R.O. ''et al''. (2015) [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v526/n7574/full/nature15697.html A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing]. Nature 526, 569–573.</ref> They appear to be the [[sister group]] of [[Afroaves]].<ref name=Prum2015/> As in the case of Afroaves, the most [[Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] clades have predatory extant members, suggesting this was the ancestral lifestyle;<ref name = "Jarvis2014">{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1126/science.1253451| pmid = 25504713| url = https://pgl.soe.ucsc.edu/jarvis14.pdf| title = Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds| journal = Science| volume = 346| issue = 6215| pages = 1320–1331| date = 2014| last1 = Jarvis| first1 = E. D.| author1-link = Erich Jarvis| last2 = Mirarab| first2 = S.| last3 = Aberer| first3 = A. J.| last4 = Li| first4 = B.| last5 = Houde| first5 = P.| last6 = Li| first6 = C.| last7 = Ho| first7 = S. Y. W.| last8 = Faircloth| first8 = B. C.| last9 = Nabholz| first9 = B.| last10 = Howard| first10 = J. T.| last11 = Suh| first11 = A.| last12 = Weber| first12 = C. C.| last13 = Da Fonseca| first13 = R. R.| last14 = Li| first14 = J.| last15 = Zhang| first15 = F.| last16 = Li| first16 = H.| last17 = Zhou| first17 = L.| last18 = Narula| first18 = N.| last19 = Liu| first19 = L.| last20 = Ganapathy| first20 = G.| last21 = Boussau| first21 = B.| last22 = Bayzid| first22 = M. S.| last23 = Zavidovych| first23 = V.| last24 = Subramanian| first24 = S.| last25 = Gabaldon| first25 = T.| last26 = Capella-Gutierrez| first26 = S.| last27 = Huerta-Cepas| first27 = J.| last28 = Rekepalli| first28 = B.| last29 = Munch| first29 = K.| last30 = Schierup| first30 = M.| display-authors = 29| pmc = 4405904| bibcode = 2014Sci...346.1320J| hdl = 10072/67425| access-date = 2015-08-29| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150224020622/http://pgl.soe.ucsc.edu/jarvis14.pdf| archive-date = 2015-02-24| url-status = dead}}</ref> however, some researchers like [[Darren Naish]] are skeptical of this assessment, since some extinct representatives such as the herbivorous ''[[Strigogyps]]'' led other lifestyles.<ref>Mayr, G. & Ritchter, G. (2011) [https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12542-010-0094-5?no-access=true Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird ''Strigogyps sapea'' (Ameghinornithidae)]. ''Paläontologische Zeitschrift'', Volume 85, Issue 3, pp 303–307.</ref> Basal parrots and falcons are at any rate vaguely [[crow]]-like and probably omnivorous.<ref>L. D. Martin. 2010. Paleogene avifauna of the holarctic. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 48:367-374</ref>
'''Australaves'''<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kimball RT, Wang N, Heimer-McGinn V, Ferguson C, Braun EL |year=2013 |title=Identifying localized biases in large datasets: A case study using the Avian Tree of Life. |publisher=Mol Phylogenet Evol |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.029 |volume=69 |issue=3 |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |pages=1021–1032 |pmid=23791948}}</ref> is a recently defined<ref name=ericson2012>{{cite journal|last1=Ericson |first1=P. G. |year=2012 |title=Evolution of terrestrial birds in three continents: biogeography and parallel radiations |journal=Journal of Biogeography |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=813–824 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02650.x | jstor=41496062 |bibcode=2012JBiog..39..813E |s2cid=85599747 }}</ref> [[clade]] of [[bird]]s, consisting of the [[Eufalconimorphae]] ([[passerine]]s, [[parrot]]s and [[falcon]]s) as well as the [[Cariamiformes]] (including [[seriema]]s and the extinct "[[terror bird]]s").<ref name=Prum2015>Prum, R.O. ''et al''. (2015) [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v526/n7574/full/nature15697.html A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing]. Nature 526, 569–573.</ref> They appear to be the [[sister group]] of [[Afroaves]].<ref name=Prum2015/>
The clade's name, meaning "southern birds," reflects the group's evolutionary origins in the [[Southern Hemisphere]]: passerines and parrots in [[Australia]], and falcons and sereimas in [[South America]].<ref name=ericson2012/>
As in the case of Afroaves, the most [[Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] clades have predatory extant members, suggesting this was the ancestral lifestyle;<ref name = "Jarvis2014">{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1126/science.1253451| pmid = 25504713| url = https://pgl.soe.ucsc.edu/jarvis14.pdf| title = Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds| journal = Science| volume = 346| issue = 6215| pages = 1320–1331| date = 2014| last1 = Jarvis| first1 = E. D.| author1-link = Erich Jarvis| last2 = Mirarab| first2 = S.| last3 = Aberer| first3 = A. J.| last4 = Li| first4 = B.| last5 = Houde| first5 = P.| last6 = Li| first6 = C.| last7 = Ho| first7 = S. Y. W.| last8 = Faircloth| first8 = B. C.| last9 = Nabholz| first9 = B.| last10 = Howard| first10 = J. T.| last11 = Suh| first11 = A.| last12 = Weber| first12 = C. C.| last13 = Da Fonseca| first13 = R. R.| last14 = Li| first14 = J.| last15 = Zhang| first15 = F.| last16 = Li| first16 = H.| last17 = Zhou| first17 = L.| last18 = Narula| first18 = N.| last19 = Liu| first19 = L.| last20 = Ganapathy| first20 = G.| last21 = Boussau| first21 = B.| last22 = Bayzid| first22 = M. S.| last23 = Zavidovych| first23 = V.| last24 = Subramanian| first24 = S.| last25 = Gabaldon| first25 = T.| last26 = Capella-Gutierrez| first26 = S.| last27 = Huerta-Cepas| first27 = J.| last28 = Rekepalli| first28 = B.| last29 = Munch| first29 = K.| last30 = Schierup| first30 = M.| display-authors = 29| pmc = 4405904| bibcode = 2014Sci...346.1320J| hdl = 10072/67425| access-date = 2015-08-29| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150224020622/http://pgl.soe.ucsc.edu/jarvis14.pdf| archive-date = 2015-02-24| url-status = dead}}</ref> however, some researchers like [[Darren Naish]] are skeptical of this assessment, since some extinct representatives such as the herbivorous ''[[Strigogyps]]'' led other lifestyles.<ref>Mayr, G. & Ritchter, G. (2011) [https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12542-010-0094-5?no-access=true Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird ''Strigogyps sapea'' (Ameghinornithidae)]. ''Paläontologische Zeitschrift'', Volume 85, Issue 3, pp 303–307.</ref> Basal parrots and falcons are at any rate vaguely [[crow]]-like and probably omnivorous.<ref>L. D. Martin. 2010. Paleogene avifauna of the holarctic. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 48:367-374</ref>


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{{clade|style=font-size:83%;line-height:125%

Revision as of 14:28, 18 July 2024

Australaves
Temporal range:
Early Eocene - Holocene, 54–0 Ma[1] Possibly an earlier origin based on molecular clock[2]
Kestrel, Falco tinnunculus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Clade: Telluraves
Clade: Australaves
Ericson, 2012
Clades

Australaves[3] is a recently defined[4] clade of birds, consisting of the Eufalconimorphae (passerines, parrots and falcons) as well as the Cariamiformes (including seriemas and the extinct "terror birds").[5] They appear to be the sister group of Afroaves.[5]

The clade's name, meaning "southern birds," reflects the group's evolutionary origins in the Southern Hemisphere: passerines and parrots in Australia, and falcons and sereimas in South America.[4]

As in the case of Afroaves, the most basal clades have predatory extant members, suggesting this was the ancestral lifestyle;[6] however, some researchers like Darren Naish are skeptical of this assessment, since some extinct representatives such as the herbivorous Strigogyps led other lifestyles.[7] Basal parrots and falcons are at any rate vaguely crow-like and probably omnivorous.[8]

Australaves

Cladogram of Telluraves relationships based on Kuhl et al. (2020) and Braun & Kimball (2021)[2][9]

References

  1. ^ Boles, Walter E. (1997). "Fossil songbirds (Passeriformes) from the Early Eocene of Australia". Emu. 97 (1): 43–50. Bibcode:1997EmuAO..97...43B. doi:10.1071/MU97004.
  2. ^ a b Kuhl, H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S.T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2021). "An unbiased molecular approach using 3′-UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38 (1): 108–127. doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa191. PMC 7783168. PMID 32781465.
  3. ^ Kimball RT, Wang N, Heimer-McGinn V, Ferguson C, Braun EL (2013). "Identifying localized biases in large datasets: A case study using the Avian Tree of Life". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 69 (3). Mol Phylogenet Evol: 1021–1032. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.029. PMID 23791948.
  4. ^ a b Ericson, P. G. (2012). "Evolution of terrestrial birds in three continents: biogeography and parallel radiations". Journal of Biogeography. 39 (5): 813–824. Bibcode:2012JBiog..39..813E. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02650.x. JSTOR 41496062. S2CID 85599747.
  5. ^ a b Prum, R.O. et al. (2015) A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing. Nature 526, 569–573.
  6. ^ Jarvis, E. D.; Mirarab, S.; Aberer, A. J.; Li, B.; Houde, P.; Li, C.; Ho, S. Y. W.; Faircloth, B. C.; Nabholz, B.; Howard, J. T.; Suh, A.; Weber, C. C.; Da Fonseca, R. R.; Li, J.; Zhang, F.; Li, H.; Zhou, L.; Narula, N.; Liu, L.; Ganapathy, G.; Boussau, B.; Bayzid, M. S.; Zavidovych, V.; Subramanian, S.; Gabaldon, T.; Capella-Gutierrez, S.; Huerta-Cepas, J.; Rekepalli, B.; Munch, K.; et al. (2014). "Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds" (PDF). Science. 346 (6215): 1320–1331. Bibcode:2014Sci...346.1320J. doi:10.1126/science.1253451. hdl:10072/67425. PMC 4405904. PMID 25504713. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-24. Retrieved 2015-08-29.
  7. ^ Mayr, G. & Ritchter, G. (2011) Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird Strigogyps sapea (Ameghinornithidae). Paläontologische Zeitschrift, Volume 85, Issue 3, pp 303–307.
  8. ^ L. D. Martin. 2010. Paleogene avifauna of the holarctic. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 48:367-374
  9. ^ Braun, E.L. & Kimball, R.T. (2021) Data types and the phylogeny of Neoaves. Birds, 2(1), 1–22; https://doi.org/10.3390/birds2010001


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