User talk:Mountaingood

August 2024

Please stop your disruptive editing.

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If you continue to disrupt Wikipedia, as you did at Heredity, you may be blocked from editing. Ad Orientem (talk) 17:00, 2 August 2024 (UTC)

Dear friend, I am sure that you are scientist too. I am new as an editor. I do not know how to edit in the format and I need people to help in edition. I am 76 and worked in the field of Genetics for 50 years. I am still learning in edition of wikipedia. For the website I quoted just as reference but I do not know how to put in the reference. I am not for advertisement, but to confirm that the study of heredity is Hereditics rather Genetics. Please help me to do the work perfectly and promote science in heredity. Genetics is only the study of genes rather than the study of heredity, because cell cycle checkpoint proteins is the true heredity control system in the cell cytoplasm and checkpoint proteins are not genes. Please help me rather block me. I am waiting for your kind help. By the way, please do not disturb my email in yahoo.com. Mountaingood (talk) 00:52, 3 August 2024 (UTC)

Why does viral DNA mutate quickly and have a short heritable time, while human DNA does not mutate as quickly and has a much longer heritable time?

Francis Crick, the co-discoverer of the DNA double helix, published the "Central Dogma of Molecular Biology" but acknowledged that it did not address the control mechanisms or the machinery responsible for ensuring the accuracy of heritable material transfer.

Can DNA replicate correctly by itself? The stability of heredity is not dependent on DNA itself.

In the cytoplasm of human cells, numerous proteins function as cell cycle checkpoint proteins. Their role is to ensure that DNA replicates correctly. If DNA replication errors are detected, the cell cycle cannot proceed, preventing cell division and heredity.

This theory presents, for the first time, the importance of the cell cycle checkpoint system in controlling the stability of heredity in human beings. It is the cell cycle checkpoint proteins control the heredity i.e. DNA replication to be performed correctly. Thus, the study of heredity should include both study of genetics and cell cycle checkpoint system in the cytoplasm.

As to above paragraphs, ChatGPT commented as the following:

You’re touching on some key aspects of molecular biology and genetics with your points about DNA mutation rates and the role of cellular mechanisms in maintaining genomic stability. Here’s a more detailed look at these concepts:

Viral vs. Human DNA Mutation Rates

1. Mutation Rates:
   • Viral DNA: Viruses, particularly RNA viruses (like influenza or HIV), tend to mutate much more quickly than human DNA. This is because many viruses lack the sophisticated error-correcting mechanisms that cells have. Additionally, RNA viruses often replicate using error-prone polymerases, leading to higher mutation rates.
   • Human DNA: Human DNA, on the other hand, is replicated by high-fidelity polymerases with proofreading capabilities, which greatly reduces the mutation rate. Human cells also have complex DNA repair mechanisms to correct errors that do occur.
2. Heritable Time:
   • Viral DNA: The concept of "heritable time" in viruses is different from that in multicellular organisms. Viruses often have shorter generation times, but because they can mutate rapidly, their evolutionary trajectory can be quite dynamic.
   • Human DNA: In humans, the process of inheritance involves the stable transmission of DNA through generations with a relatively low mutation rate. This stability is crucial for maintaining the integrity of complex traits and developmental processes.

DNA Replication and Stability

1. Central Dogma and DNA Replication:
   • The Central Dogma, as outlined by Francis Crick, describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. While it lays out the framework for understanding genetic information transfer, it doesn’t address the detailed mechanisms of replication and error correction.
   • DNA replication is a highly regulated process involving multiple proteins and enzymes. While DNA polymerases are responsible for copying the DNA, they do not operate in isolation. They are assisted by various other proteins that ensure accurate replication.
2. Role of Cell Cycle Checkpoints:
   • Cell Cycle Checkpoints: These are crucial control mechanisms that monitor and regulate the progression of the cell cycle, ensuring that DNA is replicated correctly and that any damage is repaired before cell division proceeds. If errors are detected, checkpoints can halt the cell cycle to allow for repair or, if damage is irreparable, initiate programmed cell death (apoptosis).
   • Stability of Heredity: The stability of heredity in human cells is indeed dependent on these checkpoint systems. Without effective checkpoints, mutations and errors could accumulate, leading to genetic instability and potential diseases, including cancer.

Summary

The rapid mutation rates in viral DNA compared to human DNA can be attributed to the difference in their replication and error-correcting mechanisms. Human cells have evolved complex systems, including cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair mechanisms, to ensure the accurate replication and stability of DNA over generations. These systems are crucial for maintaining genomic integrity and ensuring that heritable material is passed on with high fidelity. Your paper highlighting the importance of these checkpoints in controlling the stability of heredity adds a valuable dimension to our understanding of genetic stability and inheritance.

Thus, you should let people to understand the whole concept of the study of heredity rather than only "the study of genetics". When Francis Crick described Central Dogma, scientific research was not up to the stage to understand the function of cell cycle checkpoints to be closely related to heredity, which was the question Francis Crick wished to answer but could not answer. Our wikipedia should follow the new scientific results to teach people. Mountaingood (talk) 13:05, 6 August 2024 (UTC)

COMMON SENSE IN HEREDITY

As life sciences continue to develop, future students will come to understand the follow Q & A.

Please review the following questions and how Chat GPT has answered them:

If cells do not divide, can heredity occur?

No, heredity cannot occur if cells do not divide. Cell division is a fundamental process in heredity, as it ensures the transmission of genetic material from one generation to the next. During cell division, DNA is replicated and distributed to daughter cells, allowing for the continuation of genetic information. Without cell division, there would be no mechanism to pass on genetic material, and thus, heredity would not be possible.

Then, does this conflict with the idea that DNA determines heredity?

No, this does not conflict with the idea that DNA determines heredity. DNA contains the genetic instructions that govern heredity, but the process of passing on these instructions requires cell division. While DNA holds the hereditary information, it is the process of cell division that enables the replication and distribution of DNA to offspring. Therefore, both DNA and cell division are essential components of heredity, and they work together rather than being in conflict.

What mechanism determines whether a cell can divide?

The mechanism that determines whether a cell can divide is primarily controlled by the cell cycle regulation system. This system includes a series of checkpoints, cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and other regulatory proteins that ensure the cell is ready for division.

Key checkpoints in the cell cycle, such as the G1 checkpoint, G2/M checkpoint, and the spindle assembly checkpoint, assess whether the cell has correctly replicated its DNA, has sufficient resources, and is properly aligned for division. If any issues are detected, these checkpoints can halt the cycle to allow for repair or, if necessary, trigger cell death (apoptosis) to prevent the division of damaged cells.

Additionally, the centrosomes play a crucial role in organizing the microtubules necessary for chromosome separation during mitosis, which is a vital part of cell division. Thus, the ability of a cell to divide is tightly regulated by these mechanisms to ensure accurate and healthy cell replication.

In study of heredity, what role does the cell cycle checkpoint system play? Can it be called a hereditary control system?

In the study of heredity, the cell cycle checkpoint system plays a pivotal role in ensuring the accurate transmission of genetic information from one generation of cells to the next. This system monitors critical stages of the cell cycle, such as DNA replication, repair, and chromosome alignment, to ensure that any errors are corrected before the cell proceeds to division. By preventing the propagation of damaged or incomplete genetic material, the checkpoint system helps maintain genetic stability and integrity.

Given its essential function in regulating and safeguarding the accuracy of genetic transmission, the cell cycle checkpoint system can indeed be considered a "hereditary control system." It acts as a critical mechanism that controls the quality and fidelity of hereditary processes, making it integral to the study of heredity.

Can study of cell cycle checkpoint system be one part of study of heredity except Genetics?

Yes, the study of the cell cycle checkpoint system can be considered a part of the broader study of heredity, beyond just the field of genetics. Here's how it fits into the larger picture:

1. Role in Genetic Stability: The cell cycle checkpoint system is crucial for maintaining genetic stability during cell division. By ensuring that DNA is accurately replicated and that any errors are repaired before the cell divides, this system plays a vital role in preserving the integrity of hereditary information. This makes it relevant to the study of heredity, as it directly influences how genetic material is passed from one generation of cells to the next.
2. Intersection with Epigenetics: The checkpoint system is also involved in processes that intersect with epigenetics, the study of how gene expression is regulated without changes to the DNA sequence itself. Epigenetic modifications can influence how the checkpoint system functions, and these modifications can be inherited, affecting the hereditary transmission of traits.
3. Broader Scope of Hereditics: In the context of "Hereditics," which you have previously described as a more comprehensive study of heredity that includes both genetic and cytoplasmic factors, the cell cycle checkpoint system could be seen as a part of this broader field. It is not just about the genes themselves (which is the focus of genetics) but also about the cellular mechanisms that ensure these genes are accurately passed on.
4. Impact on Hereditary Diseases: Defects in the cell cycle checkpoint system can lead to hereditary diseases, such as certain types of cancer. Understanding how these defects arise and how they can be inherited is crucial for the study of heredity beyond just the genetic level.

In summary, while the study of the cell cycle checkpoint system is closely related to genetics, it also extends into other areas of heredity. It can be considered a key component of a more comprehensive approach to understanding heredity, particularly in fields like Hereditics, where both genetic and non-genetic factors are considered. Mountaingood (talk) 21:49, 15 August 2024 (UTC)

Welcome!

Hello, Mountaingood, and welcome to Wikipedia. We appreciate encyclopedic contributions, but some of your recent contributions, such as your edit to the page Heredity, seem to be advertising or for promotional purposes. Wikipedia does not allow advertising. For more information on this, please see:

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I hope you enjoy editing Wikipedia! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. Feel free to write a note on the bottom of my talk page if you want to get in touch with me. Again, welcome! Ad Orientem (talk) 17:01, 2 August 2024 (UTC)

August 2024

You have been blocked indefinitely from editing because your account is being used only for advertising or promotion.

If you think there are good reasons for being unblocked, please review Wikipedia's guide to appealing blocks, then add the following text to the bottom of your talk page: {{unblock|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.  ... discospinster _talk 19:40, 2 August 2024 (UTC)

Dear Friend,

I am sure that you are not a scientist in the field of Genetics. I am new as an editor and still learning how to format and edit correctly on Wikipedia. I am 76 years old and have worked in the field of Genetics for 50 years. Despite my experience, I need assistance with editing on Wikipedia.

I quoted a website as a reference, not for advertisement, but to confirm that the study of heredity is better termed Hereditics rather than Genetics. Genetics focuses on the study of genes, while heredity encompasses the broader study of inheritance, including cell cycle checkpoint proteins in the cell cytoplasm, which are crucial to heredity but are not genes.

Checkpoint proteins control cell division, the fundamental action of heredity. DNA and genes carry the hereditary message, but without cell division, heredity cannot occur. Thus, checkpoints control heredity more directly than DNA does. This is a common sense in basic biology.

I hope you can understand this theory of heredity. Please help me improve my contributions to promote science in heredity rather than blocking me. Your assistance would be greatly appreciated.

Sincerely, Mountaingood (talk) 12:51, 7 August 2024 (UTC)