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Coordinates: 51°21′47″N 12°22′33″E / 51.3631°N 12.3757°E / 51.3631; 12.3757
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[[File:Bleichert & Co. Firmenschild.jpg|thumb|Adolf Bleichert & Co. company nameplate]]
[[File:Bleichert & Co. Firmenschild.jpg|thumb|Adolf Bleichert & Co. company nameplate]]
[[File:Bleichert Mining Bucket in the Blue Mountains, near Katoomba, NSW.jpg|thumb|Former mining loading bucket on an aerial wire ropeway in the Blue Mountains, near Katoomba, NSW]]


=== 1918 until 1945 ===
=== 1918 until 1945 ===

Revision as of 12:26, 14 September 2024

51°21′47″N 12°22′33″E / 51.3631°N 12.3757°E / 51.3631; 12.3757

Adolf Bleichert & Co.
IndustryCable Car, Automotive Industry, Arms Industry
Founded1874
FounderAdolf Bleichert
Defunct1993
Headquarters
Leipzig-Gohlis, Germany
Key people
Max von Bleichert / CEO
Paul von Bleichert / CFO
Number of employees
90 (1881)
3.200 (1928)
169 (1932)
4.000 (1950)

Bleichert, short for Adolf Bleichert & Co.,[1][2] was a German engineering firm founded in 1874 by Adolf Bleichert. The company dominated the aerial wire ropeway industry during the first half of the 20th century, and its portfolio included cranes, electric cars, elevators, and mining and ship-loading equipment. It ceased operations in 1993.

Adolf Bleichert - Founder of the Bleichert Aerial Wire Ropeway System
Postcard 1910 - Factory of Adolf Bleichert & Co. Leipzig-Gohlis
Factory plan of Adolf Bleichert & Co. Leipzig-Gohlis

History

1874 until 1918

In 1872, Adolf Bleichert started the design and manufacture of the first wire ropeway, also known as the aerial lift, in Teutschenthal (Saxony, Germany). With the successful start-up of this installation, Adolf Bleichert and Theodor Otto founded a company for the manufacture of wire ropeways in 1874 in Gohlis, near Leipzig. This was the beginning of Adolf Bleichert & Co. which in 50 years, developed into a world-renowned company of the highest standing.[citation needed] In 1881, Bleichert moved its offices to Leipzig-Gohlis, which became the main factory facility located in a much bigger plant[3] and was also the company headquarters.

Starting in 1888, Bleichert also expanded into the North American market by concluding a license agreement with the American company Cooper, Hewitt & Co., the parent company of Trenton Iron Inc.,[4] which constructed and sold many material wire ropeways based on the Bleichert system.

During World War I, the Bleichert company developed a specific field cable car used by German military forces in mountain warfare in the Vosges Mountains, the Alps, and Balkan areas. Until World War I the Bleichert company manufactured many aerial cable cars especially for material carriage, but also for passenger transportation. Among them are the following:

Adolf Bleichert & Co. company nameplate
Former mining loading bucket on an aerial wire ropeway in the Blue Mountains, near Katoomba, NSW

1918 until 1945

Bleichert mainly built material-carrying wire ropeways, but then diversified into passenger cable cars as well, such as the famous Predigtstuhl Aerial Tramway in the Alps, the Tyrolean Zugspitze Cable Car, Krossobanen in Norway, Table Mountain Aerial Cableway in South Africa, Burgberg Cable Car in Germany, Aeri de Montserrat in Catalunya and the Port Vell Aerial Tramway crossing the Port of Barcelona from Torre Sant Sebastia via Torre Jaume I to Montjuïc.

Share of the Adolf Bleichert & Co AG, issued January 1927

By the company's 50th anniversary in 1924, Adolf Bleichert & Co. had designed and built the world's record-holding wire ropeways: longest and highest elevation (Argentina), length of system over water (New Caledonia), steepest (Tanzania), highest capacity (France), northernmost (Norway), and southernmost (Chile).

In 1926, the company went public, though it was controlled by Bleichert's two sons, Max and Paul von Bleichert. Due to the Great Depression and the collapse of the German banking system, on 4 April 1932 Bleichert & Co. filed for bankruptcy. Its successor, Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH, was incorporated on 28 June 1932 to carry on the firm's work. Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH also became sole shareholder of Adolf Bleichert & Co. Drahtseilbahn GmbH, the people-mover manufacturing entity. Bleichert-Kabelbagger GmbH—the wire rope crane division—became an independent entity, though also declared bankruptcy on 4 July 1932. No longer under Bleichert family control, the Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH factory continued to produce during World War II.

From 1945

With the defeat of Nazi Germany, Leipzig—the Saxon city where much of the company's factories were centered—fell on the eastern side of the Iron Curtain and Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH was taken over by the occupying power, the Soviet Union, and renamed SAG Bleichert. In 1954, SAG Bleichert[5] was transferred to the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), and was renamed VEB Bleichert. Soon thereafter, the firm was continued under the name VEB Transportanlagenfabrik Bleichert Leipzig. In 1955, the company name changed again to VEB Schwermaschinenbau Verlade- und Transportanlagen Leipzig vorm.Bleichert. By 1959, the last reference to the original family business disappeared, as vorm.Bleichert was dropped from the firm's name. Between 1962 and 1985, this entity went through several iterations. However, by 1991, the company had been privatized and entered liquidation, halting production of cranes, conveyance, and pit mining equipment — thus concluding the history of the oldest and largest wire ropeway manufacturer of the world.

Cable car on Kohlerer mountain at Bolzano (Italy) built in 1912
Cable car Predigtstuhlbahn at Bad Reichenhall (Germany) built in 1928

Further reading

  • Dr. Manfred Hötzel; Stefan W. Krieg: Adolf Bleichert und sein Werk. An entrepreneur's biography, industrial architecture and company history. (=Gohliser Historische Hefte, Bd. 8), Sax Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-934544-35-2.
  • Dr. Peter von Bleichert: Adolf Bleichert & Co.'s Wire Rope Systems, KDP, 2019
  • Oliver Werner: Ein Betrieb in zwei Diktaturen. Von der Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH zum VEB VTA Leipzig – 1932 bis 1963. (=Beiträge zur Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte, Nr. 101), Steiner, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-515-08544-0
  • P. Stephan: Die Drahtseilbahnen. Ihr Aufbau und ihre Verwendung. Verlag von Julius Springer, Berlin 1914 (Digitalisat)

References

  1. ^ "Adolf Bleichert – der Erfinder des deutschen Drahtseilbahnsystems". Seilbahngeschichte.de. Archived from the original on 2011-10-11. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  2. ^ Dr. Manfred Hötzel. "Adolf Bleichert und sein Werk".
  3. ^ "Die Fabrik für Drahtseilbahnen Adolf Bleichert". Leipzig-gohlis.de. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  4. ^ Trenton Iron later was incorporated into United States Steel Corporation through its subsidiary American Steel and Wire Company.
  5. ^ "Plakat aus der Bleichert-Ausstellung in Dresden-Loschwitz". Ercl.net. Archived from the original on 2012-07-30. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
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