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[[Category:Works by Cyrus Edwin Dallin]]
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Revision as of 22:18, 20 September 2024

Appeal to the Great Spirit
ArtistCyrus Edwin Dallin
Year1908
TypeBronze
Dimensions290 cm × 250 cm × 300 cm (114 in × 100 in × 120 in)
LocationBoston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Coordinates42°20′19″N 71°05′37″W / 42.33873°N 71.09367°W / 42.33873; -71.09367
OwnerBoston Museum of Fine Arts

Appeal to the Great Spirit is a 1908[1] equestrian statue by Cyrus Dallin, located in front of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. It portrays a Native American on horseback facing skyward, his arms spread wide in a spiritual request to the Great Spirit. It was the last of Dallin's four prominent sculptures of Indigenous people known as The Epic of the Indian, which also include A Signal of Peace (1890), The Medicine Man (1899), and Protest of the Sioux (1904).

A statuette of Appeal to the Great Spirit is in the permanent collection of the White House and was exhibited in President Bill Clinton's Oval Office. British Prime Minister Rt. Hon. David Lloyd George also had a statuette, which he received in association with a meeting with Sioux Chief Two Eagle during an October 1923 tour of the US and Canada[2]

History

Having grown up in Utah, the young Dallin frequently interacted with Native American children, who gave him insights that he called upon while creating this and other works. For Appeal to the Great Spirit , the model was Antonio Corsi, who posed for several great painters and sculptors of the era.[3]

Appeal to the Great Spirit was cast in Paris, and won a gold medal for its exhibition in the Paris Salon. On January 23, 1912, it was installed outside the main entrance to the Boston Museum of Fine Arts (MFA).[4] The installation was originally intended to be temporary, but the statue was never removed, and eventually came to be considered as an iconic symbol of the MFA.[5]

A restoration of the original Boston version was reversed at Dallin's request,[when?] because he preferred the light green tones that had developed on the equestrian sculpture over time rather than the typical "statuary brown" patina the conservator applied without consulting him.[6]

On March 3, 2019, the MFA convened a public discussion of the artwork among five art historians and museum curators; two of the panelists were also members of Native American tribes.[7][8] In October 2019, as part of its first community celebration of Indigenous Peoples' Day, the MFA surrounded its iconic statue with placards displaying questions and comments submitted by the community, including Native Americans.[9] In 2020, the MFA website posted two brief essays written by Native Americans commenting on the sculpture and its cultural meanings.[10][5]

Other versions

In 1929 a full-sized bronze version, personally overseen and approved by Dallin, was installed in Muncie, Indiana, in the intersection of Walnut and Granville streets in the Wysor Heights Historic District; it is considered by many residents to be a symbol of the city.[11] The statue was erected "In Loving Memory of Edmund Burke Ball" by "His Wife and Children".

An edition of nine 40-inch (1,000 mm) bronzes of Appeal to the Great Spirit was produced around 1922. One was the centerpiece of the Tower Room of Dartmouth College's Baker Tower, the college's main library and most iconic building, but has since been removed.[12]

A plaster example in this one-third scale is at the Cyrus Dallin Museum in Arlington, Massachusetts, and another is in the Rockwell Museum in Corning, New York.[13] Central High School in Tulsa, Oklahoma, possessed another plaster example, which was used in 1985 as the model for a bronze version. The casting was done by American Artbronze Fine Arts Foundry under the direction of Howard R. Kirsch. The bronze is now installed in Woodward Park in Tulsa, Oklahoma, at the intersection of 21st Street and Peoria.[14]

Examples of the 21-inch (530 mm) bronze statuette are at the White House, the US Department of State, and many American museums.[15]

An 8+1⁄2-inch (220 mm) miniature edition was produced by the Gorham Manufacturing Company in 1913; in 2009, No. 263 sold for $9,375.[16]

  • Muncie, Indiana
    Muncie, Indiana
  • Plaque at Muncie
    Plaque at Muncie
  • Woodward Park, Tulsa, Oklahoma
    Woodward Park, Tulsa, Oklahoma

In literature and the arts

Brother Records logo
  • An early instance of the sculpture's place in American culture is its appearance (as photographed by Baldwin Coolidge) on the cover of "A-M-E-R-I-C-A" (1917), a World War I song by May Greene and Billy Lang and published by D. W. Cooper.
  • The sculpture is used as the logo for the Beach Boys' vanity record label Brother Records. It was first seen in the lower-left corner on the band's 1967 album Smiley Smile and its attending single "Heroes and Villains", and was used more prominently on the cover of their 1973 album The Beach Boys in Concert. When Beach Boy Carl Wilson was asked in 1975 why the group used this as their logo, he said the Indian was chosen because Brian, Dennis, and Carl's grandfather believed that there was a spiritual Indian "guide" who watched over them from the "other side". The choice of the logo was Brian's. Carl called the logo "The Last Horizon".[17]
  • A painting of the sculpture appears on the cover of the album The Time Is Near (1970) by the rock group Keef Hartley Band.
  • A painting of the sculpture appears on the cover of the album Spirit of God (1984) by the Native American Gospel recording artist Johnny P. Curtis.
  • A painting of the sculpture appears on the cover of the album Lysol (1992) by rock group The Melvins.
  • In the vinyl release of Directions to See a Ghost (2008) by the American rock band The Black Angels, the poster inside features a skeleton form of this sculpture with a psychedelic background.
  • In 2020, Dartmouth College's Hood Museum of Art commissioned Cree artist Kent Monkman to paint The Great Mystery, which reinterprets the Appeal to the Great Spirit sculpture incorporating a Mark Rothko painting in the background. The work is displayed near a mid-sized version of Dallin's sculpture.[18]
  • In 2021, two temporary art installations were placed around and near to the sculpture. Raven Reshapes Boston: A Native Corn Garden at the MFA, by Elizabeth James-Perry, (Aquinnah Wampanoag, b. 1973), consists of corn, beans, and sedges planted in a small garden completely surrounding the statue. Ekua Holmes (African American, b. 1955), planted a large patch of sunflowers close by, called Radiant Community, as part of her ongoing Roxbury Sunflower Project.[19][20]

See also

References

  1. ^ https://equestrianstatue.org/appeal-to-the-great-spirit/ Archived 2019-12-19 at the Wayback Machine Equestrianstatue.org
  2. ^ Lake, Michael (February 15, 2022). "Cyrus Edwin Dallin (American, 1861-1944): A rare patinated bronze equestrian figure entitled 'Appeal to the Great Spirit' presented to the Rt. Hon. David Lloyd George whilst visiting the USA in October 1923". Bonhams. Archived from the original on March 8, 2022. Retrieved March 8, 2022.
  3. ^ Craven, Wayne (1968). Sculpture in America. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company. pp. 530–531. ISBN 9780690722406. Retrieved 2013-07-13.
  4. ^ "Appeal to the Great Spirit". Boston Art Commission. Archived from the original on 2014-10-21. Retrieved 2013-07-22.. See also "Big Bronze Statue by Cyrus Dallin Placed at Museum", The Christian Science Monitor, January 24, 1912, p. 1.
  5. ^ a b Bermeo, Layla; Lukey (Aquinnah Wampanoag), Tess (September 2020). "Appeal to the Great Spirit". collections.mfa.org. MFA Boston. Archived from the original on 2021-09-20. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  6. ^ Technology & Conservation. Vol. 2. Technology Organization. 1983.
  7. ^ "Dallin experts discuss sculptor's work, 'Appeal to the Great Spirit'". The Arlington Advocate. Mar 12, 2019. Archived from the original on 2021-09-20. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  8. ^ "Cyrus Dallin's Appeal to the Great Spirit Reexamined". Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Archived from the original on 2021-09-20. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  9. ^ "Cyrus Dallin's 'Appeal to the Great Spirit'". Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Archived from the original on 2021-10-19. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  10. ^ Zordan, Joseph (July 6, 2020). "Appeal to the Great Spirit". Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Archived from the original on 2021-09-20. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  11. ^ "Appeal to the Great Spirit". City of Muncie. Archived from the original on 2013-12-10. Retrieved 2013-07-22.
  12. ^ "Cyrus Edwin Dallin, American, 1861-1944". Hood Museum of Art. 29 April 2009. Archived from the original on 2014-10-21. Retrieved 2013-07-22. Dartmouth was founded as an institution to educate the Native Americans of New England, and it recalls that heritage through art such as Dallin's Appeal to the Great Spirit.
  13. ^ "Appeal to the Great Spirit". Rockwell Museum of Western Art. Archived from the original on 2013-07-25. Retrieved 2013-07-22.
  14. ^ "Appeal to the Great Spirit, (sculpture)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System(SIRIS). 1996. Archived from the original on 2014-09-24. Retrieved 2013-07-22.
  15. ^ ""Appeal to the Great Spirit" by Cyrus Edwin Dallin". Joy of Museums Virtual Tours. Archived from the original on 2021-09-20. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  16. ^ "Cyrus Edwin Dallin (1861-1944): Appeal to the Great Spirit". Christie's. 5 March 2009. Archived from the original on 2014-02-28. Retrieved 2013-07-22.
  17. ^ Proebe, Larry (1995). "The Beach Boys' Brother Records Logo". In Priore, Domenic (ed.). Look, Listen, Vibrate, Smile!. Last Gasp. p. 141. ISBN 0-86719-417-0.
  18. ^ Powell, Jamie. "Kent Monkman: The Great Mystery". Hood Museum. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  19. ^ "Ekua Holmes and Elizabeth James-Perry's 'Garden for Boston' to Transform Grounds Outside MFA Boston". ArtfixDaily. May 12, 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-09-20. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  20. ^ "Garden for Boston". Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. June 22 – October 12, 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-09-20. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
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