Early onset dementia: Difference between revisions
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== Overview == |
== Overview == |
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Early onset dementia is a general term that describes a group of conditions featuring progressive cognitive decline, particularly in the domains of [[Executive functions|executive function]], learning, language, memory, or behavior. This condition may occur due to various different causes, including degenerative, autoimmune, or infectious processes. The most common form of early onset dementia is [[Early-onset Alzheimer's disease|Alzheimer's disease]], followed by [[frontotemporal dementia]] (FTD), and [[vascular dementia]], with Alzheimer's disease accounting for between 40 and 50% of cases<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Quach |first=C. |last2=Hommet |first2=C. |last3=Mondon |first3=K. |last4=Lauvin |first4=M. A. |last5=Cazals |first5=X. |last6=Cottier |first6=J. P. |date=2014-04-01 |title=Early-onset dementias: Specific etiologies and contribution of MRI |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211568413002350?via=ihub |journal=Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging |volume=95 |issue=4 |pages=377–398 |doi=10.1016/j.diii.2013.07.009 |issn=2211-5684}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Krüger |first=Johanna |last2=Aaltonen |first2=Mikko |last3=Aho |first3=Kalle |last4=Heikkinen |first4=Sami |last5=Kivisild |first5=Ave |last6=Lehtonen |first6=Adolfina |last7=Leppänen |first7=Laura |last8=Rinnankoski |first8=Iina |last9=Soppela |first9=Helmi |last10=Tervonen |first10=Laura |last11=Suhonen |first11=Noora-Maria |last12=Haapasalo |first12=Annakaisa |last13=Portaankorva |first13=Anne M. |last14=Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen |first14=Anna |last15=Hartikainen |first15=Päivi |date=2024-08-27 |title=Incidence and Prevalence of Early-Onset Dementia in Finland |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11314947/ |journal=Neurology |volume=103 |issue=4 |pages=e209654 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000209654 |issn=0028-3878 |pmid=39047214}}</ref>. Less common forms of early onset dementia include [[Lewy body dementias]] ([[dementia with Lewy bodies]] and [[Parkinson's disease dementia]]), [[Huntington's disease]], [[Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease]], [[multiple sclerosis]], alcohol-induced dementia, and other conditions. |
Early onset dementia is a general term that describes a group of conditions featuring progressive cognitive decline, particularly in the domains of [[Executive functions|executive function]], learning, language, memory, or behavior. This condition may occur due to various different causes, including degenerative, autoimmune, or infectious processes. The most common form of early onset dementia is [[Early-onset Alzheimer's disease|Alzheimer's disease]], followed by [[frontotemporal dementia]] (FTD), and [[vascular dementia]], with Alzheimer's disease accounting for between 40 and 50% of cases<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Quach |first=C. |last2=Hommet |first2=C. |last3=Mondon |first3=K. |last4=Lauvin |first4=M. A. |last5=Cazals |first5=X. |last6=Cottier |first6=J. P. |date=2014-04-01 |title=Early-onset dementias: Specific etiologies and contribution of MRI |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211568413002350?via=ihub |journal=Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging |volume=95 |issue=4 |pages=377–398 |doi=10.1016/j.diii.2013.07.009 |issn=2211-5684}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Krüger |first=Johanna |last2=Aaltonen |first2=Mikko |last3=Aho |first3=Kalle |last4=Heikkinen |first4=Sami |last5=Kivisild |first5=Ave |last6=Lehtonen |first6=Adolfina |last7=Leppänen |first7=Laura |last8=Rinnankoski |first8=Iina |last9=Soppela |first9=Helmi |last10=Tervonen |first10=Laura |last11=Suhonen |first11=Noora-Maria |last12=Haapasalo |first12=Annakaisa |last13=Portaankorva |first13=Anne M. |last14=Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen |first14=Anna |last15=Hartikainen |first15=Päivi |date=2024-08-27 |title=Incidence and Prevalence of Early-Onset Dementia in Finland |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11314947/ |journal=Neurology |volume=103 |issue=4 |pages=e209654 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000209654 |issn=0028-3878 |pmid=39047214}}</ref>. Less common forms of early onset dementia include [[Lewy body dementias]] ([[dementia with Lewy bodies]] and [[Parkinson's disease dementia]]), [[Huntington's disease]], [[Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease]], [[multiple sclerosis]], alcohol-induced dementia, and other conditions. |
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=== '''Terminology''' === |
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The term ''young onset dementia'' is becoming more widely used to avoid the potential confusion between ''early onset dementia'' and ''early stage dementia''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=van de Veen |first=Dennis |last2=Bakker |first2=Christian |last3=Peetoom |first3=Kirsten |last4=Pijnenburg |first4=Yolande |last5=Papma |first5=Janne |last6=de Vugt |first6=Marjolein |last7=Koopmans |first7=Raymond |date=2022-03 |title=Provisional consensus on the nomenclature and operational definition of dementia at a young age, a Delphi study |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9305901/ |journal=International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=10.1002/gps.5691 |doi=10.1002/gps.5691 |issn=0885-6230 |pmc=9305901 |pmid=35156239}}</ref>. Although used in the past, the term ''presenile dementia'' is no longer in favor. |
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=== Epidemiology === |
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Early onset dementia is less common than late onset dementia, the former accounting for approximately 10% of dementias globally<ref name=":32">{{Cite journal |last=Krüger |first=Johanna |last2=Aaltonen |first2=Mikko |last3=Aho |first3=Kalle |last4=Heikkinen |first4=Sami |last5=Kivisild |first5=Ave |last6=Lehtonen |first6=Adolfina |last7=Leppänen |first7=Laura |last8=Rinnankoski |first8=Iina |last9=Soppela |first9=Helmi |last10=Tervonen |first10=Laura |last11=Suhonen |first11=Noora-Maria |last12=Haapasalo |first12=Annakaisa |last13=Portaankorva |first13=Anne M. |last14=Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen |first14=Anna |last15=Hartikainen |first15=Päivi |date=2024-08-27 |title=Incidence and Prevalence of Early-Onset Dementia in Finland |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11314947/ |journal=Neurology |volume=103 |issue=4 |pages=e209654 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000209654 |issn=0028-3878 |pmid=39047214}}</ref>. Recent studies estimate the prevalence of early onset dementia to be approximately 3.9 million people aged 30-64 worldwide, with an incidence of 119 per 100,000 individuals<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Hendriks |first=Stevie |last2=Peetoom |first2=Kirsten |last3=Bakker |first3=Christian |last4=van der Flier |first4=Wiesje M. |last5=Papma |first5=Janne M. |last6=Koopmans |first6=Raymond |last7=Verhey |first7=Frans R. J. |last8=de Vugt |first8=Marjolein |last9=Köhler |first9=Sebastian |last10=Withall |first10=Adrienne |last11=Parlevliet |first11=Juliette L. |last12=Uysal-Bozkir |first12=Özgül |last13=Gibson |first13=Roger C. |last14=Neita |first14=Susanne M. |last15=Nielsen |first15=Thomas Rune |date=2021-09 |title=Global Prevalence of Young-Onset Dementia |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8290331/ |journal=JAMA Neurology |volume=78 |issue=9 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.2161 |issn=2168-6149 |pmc=8290331 |pmid=34279544}}</ref>. Additionally, there is approximately a 1:1 ratio in prevalence of EOD between males and females, with no significant difference between ethnic groups in gender distribution pattern<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Hendriks |first=Stevie |last2=Peetoom |first2=Kirsten |last3=Bakker |first3=Christian |last4=Koopmans |first4=Raymond |last5=van der Flier |first5=Wiesje |last6=Papma |first6=Janne |last7=Verhey |first7=Frans |last8=Young‐Onset Dementia Epidemiology Study Group |last9=de Vugt |first9=Marjolein |last10=Köhler |first10=Sebastian |date=2023-03 |title=Global incidence of young‐onset dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis |url=https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alz.12695 |journal=Alzheimer's & Dementia |language=en |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=831–843 |doi=10.1002/alz.12695 |issn=1552-5260}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=BJ |last2=Boeve |first2=BF |last3=Josephs |first3=KA |date=2008 |title=Young-Onset Dementia: Demographic and Etiologic Characteristics of 235 Patients |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/1107508#google_vignette |access-date=2024-10-10 |website=jamanetwork.com}}</ref>. Similar to LOD, the prevalence of EOD increases exponentially with age, doubling every five years of age<ref name=":4" />. The continuous increase in prevalence with age seen in Alzheimer's and FTD versions of EOD is disproportionally led by the most common variant of each cause, namely amnesic Alzheimer's and behavioral variant of FTD<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Zamboni |first=Giovanna |last2=Maramotti |first2=Riccardo |last3=Salemme |first3=Simone |last4=Tondelli |first4=Manuela |last5=Adani |first5=Giorgia |last6=Vinceti |first6=Giulia |last7=Carbone |first7=Chiara |last8=Filippini |first8=Tommaso |last9=Vinceti |first9=Marco |last10=Pagnoni |first10=Giuseppe |last11=Chiari |first11=Annalisa |date=2024 |title=Age-specific prevalence of the different clinical presentations of AD and FTD in young-onset dementia |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233291/ |journal=Journal of Neurology |volume=271 |issue=7 |pages=4326–4335 |doi=10.1007/s00415-024-12364-7 |issn=0340-5354 |pmid=38643445}}</ref>. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 14:01, 17 October 2024
Early onset dementia (EOD) or young onset dementia (YOD) refers to dementia with symptom onset prior to age 65. This condition is a significant public health concern as the number of individuals with early onset dementia is increasing worldwide[1].
Overview
Early onset dementia is a general term that describes a group of conditions featuring progressive cognitive decline, particularly in the domains of executive function, learning, language, memory, or behavior. This condition may occur due to various different causes, including degenerative, autoimmune, or infectious processes. The most common form of early onset dementia is Alzheimer's disease, followed by frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and vascular dementia, with Alzheimer's disease accounting for between 40 and 50% of cases[2][3]. Less common forms of early onset dementia include Lewy body dementias (dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia), Huntington's disease, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, multiple sclerosis, alcohol-induced dementia, and other conditions.
Terminology
The term young onset dementia is becoming more widely used to avoid the potential confusion between early onset dementia and early stage dementia[4]. Although used in the past, the term presenile dementia is no longer in favor.
Epidemiology
Early onset dementia is less common than late onset dementia, the former accounting for approximately 10% of dementias globally[5]. Recent studies estimate the prevalence of early onset dementia to be approximately 3.9 million people aged 30-64 worldwide, with an incidence of 119 per 100,000 individuals[6]. Additionally, there is approximately a 1:1 ratio in prevalence of EOD between males and females, with no significant difference between ethnic groups in gender distribution pattern[7][8]. Similar to LOD, the prevalence of EOD increases exponentially with age, doubling every five years of age[7]. The continuous increase in prevalence with age seen in Alzheimer's and FTD versions of EOD is disproportionally led by the most common variant of each cause, namely amnesic Alzheimer's and behavioral variant of FTD[9].
See also
References
- ^ Hendriks, Stevie; Peetoom, Kirsten; Bakker, Christian; van der Flier, Wiesje M.; Papma, Janne M.; Koopmans, Raymond; Verhey, Frans R. J.; de Vugt, Marjolein; Köhler, Sebastian; Withall, Adrienne; Parlevliet, Juliette L.; Uysal-Bozkir, Özgül; Gibson, Roger C.; Neita, Susanne M.; Nielsen, Thomas Rune (2021-09). "Global Prevalence of Young-Onset Dementia". JAMA Neurology. 78 (9): 1–11. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.2161. ISSN 2168-6149. PMC 8290331. PMID 34279544.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Quach, C.; Hommet, C.; Mondon, K.; Lauvin, M. A.; Cazals, X.; Cottier, J. P. (2014-04-01). "Early-onset dementias: Specific etiologies and contribution of MRI". Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. 95 (4): 377–398. doi:10.1016/j.diii.2013.07.009. ISSN 2211-5684.
- ^ Krüger, Johanna; Aaltonen, Mikko; Aho, Kalle; Heikkinen, Sami; Kivisild, Ave; Lehtonen, Adolfina; Leppänen, Laura; Rinnankoski, Iina; Soppela, Helmi; Tervonen, Laura; Suhonen, Noora-Maria; Haapasalo, Annakaisa; Portaankorva, Anne M.; Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen, Anna; Hartikainen, Päivi (2024-08-27). "Incidence and Prevalence of Early-Onset Dementia in Finland". Neurology. 103 (4): e209654. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000209654. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 39047214.
- ^ van de Veen, Dennis; Bakker, Christian; Peetoom, Kirsten; Pijnenburg, Yolande; Papma, Janne; de Vugt, Marjolein; Koopmans, Raymond (2022-03). "Provisional consensus on the nomenclature and operational definition of dementia at a young age, a Delphi study". International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 37 (3): 10.1002/gps.5691. doi:10.1002/gps.5691. ISSN 0885-6230. PMC 9305901. PMID 35156239.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Krüger, Johanna; Aaltonen, Mikko; Aho, Kalle; Heikkinen, Sami; Kivisild, Ave; Lehtonen, Adolfina; Leppänen, Laura; Rinnankoski, Iina; Soppela, Helmi; Tervonen, Laura; Suhonen, Noora-Maria; Haapasalo, Annakaisa; Portaankorva, Anne M.; Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen, Anna; Hartikainen, Päivi (2024-08-27). "Incidence and Prevalence of Early-Onset Dementia in Finland". Neurology. 103 (4): e209654. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000209654. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 39047214.
- ^ Hendriks, Stevie; Peetoom, Kirsten; Bakker, Christian; van der Flier, Wiesje M.; Papma, Janne M.; Koopmans, Raymond; Verhey, Frans R. J.; de Vugt, Marjolein; Köhler, Sebastian; Withall, Adrienne; Parlevliet, Juliette L.; Uysal-Bozkir, Özgül; Gibson, Roger C.; Neita, Susanne M.; Nielsen, Thomas Rune (2021-09). "Global Prevalence of Young-Onset Dementia". JAMA Neurology. 78 (9): 1–11. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.2161. ISSN 2168-6149. PMC 8290331. PMID 34279544.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b Hendriks, Stevie; Peetoom, Kirsten; Bakker, Christian; Koopmans, Raymond; van der Flier, Wiesje; Papma, Janne; Verhey, Frans; Young‐Onset Dementia Epidemiology Study Group; de Vugt, Marjolein; Köhler, Sebastian (2023-03). "Global incidence of young‐onset dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis". Alzheimer's & Dementia. 19 (3): 831–843. doi:10.1002/alz.12695. ISSN 1552-5260.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Kelly, BJ; Boeve, BF; Josephs, KA (2008). "Young-Onset Dementia: Demographic and Etiologic Characteristics of 235 Patients". jamanetwork.com. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
- ^ Zamboni, Giovanna; Maramotti, Riccardo; Salemme, Simone; Tondelli, Manuela; Adani, Giorgia; Vinceti, Giulia; Carbone, Chiara; Filippini, Tommaso; Vinceti, Marco; Pagnoni, Giuseppe; Chiari, Annalisa (2024). "Age-specific prevalence of the different clinical presentations of AD and FTD in young-onset dementia". Journal of Neurology. 271 (7): 4326–4335. doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12364-7. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 38643445.
Further reading
- Collins JD, Henley SM, Suárez-González A (July 2020). "A systematic review of the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and apathy in frontotemporal dementia, atypical and young-onset Alzheimer's disease, and inherited dementia". Int Psychogeriatr (Review): 1–20. doi:10.1017/S1041610220001118. PMID 32684177. S2CID 220653830.
- Ducharme S, Dols A, Laforce R, et al. (June 2020). "Recommendations to distinguish behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia from psychiatric disorders". Brain (Review). 143 (6): 1632–1650. doi:10.1093/brain/awaa018. PMC 7849953. PMID 32129844.
- Nwadiugwu M (September 2021). "Early-onset dementia: key issues using a relationship-centred care approach". Postgrad Med J (Review). 97 (1151): 598–604. doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138517. PMC 8408578. PMID 32883770.
- Roman de Mettelinge T, Calders P, Cambier D (2021). "The Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Patients with Early-Onset Dementia: A Scoping Review". Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord (Review). 50 (1): 9–16. doi:10.1159/000516231. PMID 33957623. S2CID 233983643.
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