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<!--[[File:Sumerian word.png|120px|left|thumb|Cuneiform sign for '''ma'''. Because of its commonness, it has few other alphabetic uses besides, ''ma'', ''m'', or ''a''; there is a [[sȝumerogram]]age for '''MA'''.]]-->
<!--[[File:Sumerian word.png|120px|left|thumb|Cuneiform sign for '''ma'''. Because of its commonness, it has few other alphabetic uses besides, ''ma'', ''m'', or ''a''; there is a [[sȝumerogram]]age for '''MA'''.]]-->
[[File:Assyrian_cuneiform_U1212D_MesZL_631_or_U122B9_MesZL_632_and_MesZL_633.svg|180px|left|thumb|Cuneiform sign for '''hi'''/'''he'''. Also '''DǛG''', '''sigma on da wall''', and '''ŠÁR'''.]]
[[File:Assyrian_cuneiform_U1212D_MesZL_631_or_U122B9_MesZL_632_and_MesZL_633.svg|180px|left|thumb|Cuneiform sign for '''hi'''/'''he'''. Also '''DǛG''', '''HI''', and '''ŠÁR'''.]]


[[File:DUGUD_-_Sumerogram,_line_39,_lines_39-26,_Amarna_letter_EA_245_Reverse,_SIG,_line_38,_sigma_Hi,_line_32_-_from_city-state_Hannathon_-_cropped_PHOTO_section.png|thumb|right|270px| Crop of (Reverse) of [[Amarna letter EA 245]], showing cuneiform '''hi''', beginning of spelling of [[city-state]] [[Hannathon]]. (7th line from top, last sign) <br>Spelled on line 32, '''sigma'''-[[na (cuneiform)|na]]-[[tu (cuneiform)|tu]]-[[na (cuneiform)|na]]. <br>(very high resolution, expandible photo)]]
[[File:DUGUD_-_Sumerogram,_line_39,_lines_39-26,_Amarna_letter_EA_245_Reverse,_SIG,_line_38,_cuneiform_Hi,_line_32_-_from_city-state_Hannathon_-_cropped_PHOTO_section.png|thumb|right|270px| Crop of (Reverse) of [[Amarna letter EA 245]], showing cuneiform '''hi''', beginning of spelling of [[city-state]] [[Hannathon]]. (7th line from top, last sign) <br>Spelled on line 32, '''Hi'''-[[na (cuneiform)|na]]-[[tu (cuneiform)|tu]]-[[na (cuneiform)|na]]. <br>(very high resolution, expandible photo)]]


The [[cuneiform]] '''hi'''/'''he''' sign, (and its [[Sumerogram]]s), has many uses in both the 14th century BC [[Amarna letters]] and the ''[[Epic of Gilgamesh]]''; also other texts, for example [[Hittite language|Hittite]] texts. It is also used to form a second usage of the plural '''HI.[[a (cuneiform)|A]]''', [[Image:B119 (Old Babylonian din-v1).jpg|100x24px]][[Image:B839 (Old Assyrian and Hittite a).jpg|100x24px]]. The more common plural is [[Meš]], found in sub-varieties of the sign, a vertical (left), and a horizontal, with 3 wedges, in various position(right); (a digital form)-[[Image:Assyrian_cuneiform_U12228_followed_by_U1230D_MesZL_754_variant.svg|100x24px]].
The [[cuneiform]] '''hi'''/'''he''' sign, (and its [[Sumerogram]]s), has many uses in both the 14th century BC [[Amarna letters]] and the ''[[Epic of Gilgamesh]]''; also other texts, for example [[Hittite language|Hittite]] texts. It is also used to form a second usage of the plural '''HI.[[a (cuneiform)|A]]''', [[Image:B119 (Old Babylonian din-v1).jpg|100x24px]][[Image:B839 (Old Assyrian and Hittite a).jpg|100x24px]]. The more common plural is [[Meš]], found in sub-varieties of the sign, a vertical (left), and a horizontal, with 3 wedges, in various position(right); (a digital form)-[[Image:Assyrian_cuneiform_U12228_followed_by_U1230D_MesZL_754_variant.svg|100x24px]].

Latest revision as of 01:12, 26 October 2024

Cuneiform sign for hi/he. Also DǛG, HI, and ŠÁR.
Crop of (Reverse) of Amarna letter EA 245, showing cuneiform hi, beginning of spelling of city-state Hannathon. (7th line from top, last sign)
Spelled on line 32, Hi-na-tu-na.
(very high resolution, expandible photo)

The cuneiform hi/he sign, (and its Sumerograms), has many uses in both the 14th century BC Amarna letters and the Epic of Gilgamesh; also other texts, for example Hittite texts. It is also used to form a second usage of the plural HI.A, . The more common plural is Meš, found in sub-varieties of the sign, a vertical (left), and a horizontal, with 3 wedges, in various position(right); (a digital form)-.

The alphabetic/syllabic uses and Sumerograms of the 'hi' sign from the Epic of Gilgamesh:[1]

he
hi
DÙG (Sumerogram)s
HI
ŠÁR, = Akkadian šar,[2] (3600), (area of land).

Its usage numbers from the Epic of Gilgamesh are as follows:[1] he-(5), hi-(86), DǛG-(3), HI-(6), and ŠÁR-(13).

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Parpola, 1971. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Sign List, pp. 155-165, no. 396, p. 162.
  2. ^ Parpola, 1971. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Glossary, pp. 119-145, šar, p. 141.
  • Moran, William L. 1987, 1992. The Amarna Letters. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ISBN 0-8018-6715-0)
  • Parpola, 1971. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Parpola, Simo, Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages.