Sin el Fil: Difference between revisions
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==History and archaeologyy== |
==History and archaeologyy== |
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===Prehistory=== |
===Prehistory and Roman period=== |
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Collections of archaeological material from this limestone "hogsback" were made from the [[gullies]] to the south of the main road on the slopes of forested hills. The recovery areas were described as ''"ravines sinueuses"'' by [[Raoul Describes]] after making a collection in 1921.<ref>Describes, Raoul. "Quelques ateliers paléolithiques des environs de Beyrouth". In ''Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph'': Volume VII, 1921.</ref> Other [[Jesuits]] who made collections from the area included [[Godefroy Zumoffen]] in 1908, [[Paul Bovier-Lapierre]] and [[Auguste Bergy]] as well as Mouterde, Gigues, [[Lorraine Copeland]] and [[Peter Wescombe]]. {{ill|E. Passemard |fr| Emmanuel Passemard}} suggested that two of the [[ |
Collections of archaeological material from this limestone "hogsback" were made from the [[gullies]] to the south of the main road on the slopes of forested hills. The recovery areas were described as ''"ravines sinueuses"'' by [[Raoul Describes]] after making a collection in 1921.<ref>Describes, Raoul. "Quelques ateliers paléolithiques des environs de Beyrouth". In ''Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph'': Volume VII, 1921.</ref> Other [[Jesuits]] who made collections from the area included [[Godefroy Zumoffen]] in 1908, [[Paul Bovier-Lapierre]] and [[Auguste Bergy]] as well as Mouterde, Gigues, [[Lorraine Copeland]] and [[Peter Wescombe]]. {{ill|E. Passemard |fr| Emmanuel Passemard}} suggested that two of the [[trihedral]] pieces (i.e., composed of three planes) collected by [[Paul Bovier-Lapierre]] were [[Chalossian]].<ref>Passemard, E., "Syria", Volume 8, 1927</ref><ref>[http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/bspf_0249-7638_1931_num_28_6_5576 E. Passemard , P. Dubalen , A. Vayson de Pradenne , R. Neuville, La Question Chalossienne, Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, 1931, Volume 28, Issue 6, pp. 289–293]</ref> Describes published some of the material as [[Acheulean]] but the bulk of the material was very mixed including many indeterminate [[Neolithic]] pieces including [[Trihedral Neolithic]] and [[Heavy Neolithic]] forms.<ref name= CW>{{cite book |author1= Copeland, Lorraine |author2= Wescombe, P. |title= Inventory of Stone-Age Sites in Lebanon |pages= 136-137 |year= 1965 |publisher= Imprimerie Catholique |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6YsRRwAACAAJ |access-date= 21 July 2011}}</ref> |
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There was also a [[Roman Empire|Roman]] occupation on the flat fields above the slopes.<ref name= CW/> |
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| ⚫ | On 1 March 1990 Sin el |
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Some archaeological material from Sin el Fil is in the [[National Museum of Beirut]] and the [[Museum of Lebanese Prehistory]].<ref name= CW/> |
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===Civil War=== |
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| ⚫ | On 1 March 1990, Sin el Fil was the scene of heavy fighting between [[Samir Geagea]]'s [[Lebanese Forces (Christian militia)|Lebanese Forces]] (LF) and parts of the [[Lebanese Army]] loyal to General [[Michel Aoun]]. It was the last offensive in Aoun's failed attempt to take control of Christian East Beirut and caused extensive damage and many casualties.<ref>[[Middle East International]] No 371, 16th March 1990, Publishers [[Christopher Mayhew|Lord Mayhew]], [[Dennis Walters|Dennis Walters MP]]; [[Jim Muir]], pp. 9, 10.</ref> |
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==Twin towns – sister cities== |
==Twin towns – sister cities== |
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Revision as of 10:43, 13 November 2024
Sinn al-Fīl
سن الفيل | |
|---|---|
City | |
 | |
  Sinn al-Fīl Location within Lebanon | |
| Coordinates: 33°52′N 35°32′E / 33.867°N 35.533°E | |
| Country |  Lebanon |
| Governorate | Mount Lebanon Governorate |
| District | Matn District |
| Government | |
| • Time Zone | GMT +2 (UTC) |
| • – Summer (DST) | +3 (UTC) |
| • Area Code(s) | (+961) 1 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Dialing code | +961 |
Sin el-Fil (Arabic: سنّ الفيل / ALA-LC: Sinn al-Fīl) is a suburb east of Beirut in the Matn District of the Mount Lebanon Governorate, Lebanon.
Etymology
The name literally means 'ivory': "tooth" (sinn) of "the elephant" (al-fīl). Being geographically closer to the ancient city of Antioch and far remote from natural elephant habitat, it is believed that the town name may have been a derogation of Saint Theophilus of Antioch.[citation needed]
Geography
With a rich red soil and moderate precipitation (but available ground water irrigation) the agricultural land of Sin el Fil in the early 20th century sprawled into a densely populated suburb. The natural landscape of the late century was dominated by stone pine. The Beirut River runs west of Sin el Fil and separates the town from the capital, Beirut.
Demographics
![[icon]](/enwiki/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (September 2022) |
History and archaeologyy
Prehistory and Roman period
Collections of archaeological material from this limestone "hogsback" were made from the gullies to the south of the main road on the slopes of forested hills. The recovery areas were described as "ravines sinueuses" by Raoul Describes after making a collection in 1921.[1] Other Jesuits who made collections from the area included Godefroy Zumoffen in 1908, Paul Bovier-Lapierre and Auguste Bergy as well as Mouterde, Gigues, Lorraine Copeland and Peter Wescombe. E. Passemard suggested that two of the trihedral pieces (i.e., composed of three planes) collected by Paul Bovier-Lapierre were Chalossian.[2][3] Describes published some of the material as Acheulean but the bulk of the material was very mixed including many indeterminate Neolithic pieces including Trihedral Neolithic and Heavy Neolithic forms.[4]
There was also a Roman occupation on the flat fields above the slopes.[4]
Some archaeological material from Sin el Fil is in the National Museum of Beirut and the Museum of Lebanese Prehistory.[4]
Civil War
On 1 March 1990, Sin el Fil was the scene of heavy fighting between Samir Geagea's Lebanese Forces (LF) and parts of the Lebanese Army loyal to General Michel Aoun. It was the last offensive in Aoun's failed attempt to take control of Christian East Beirut and caused extensive damage and many casualties.[5]
Twin towns – sister cities
References and footnotes
- ^ Describes, Raoul. "Quelques ateliers paléolithiques des environs de Beyrouth". In Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph: Volume VII, 1921.
- ^ Passemard, E., "Syria", Volume 8, 1927
- ^ E. Passemard , P. Dubalen , A. Vayson de Pradenne , R. Neuville, La Question Chalossienne, Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, 1931, Volume 28, Issue 6, pp. 289–293
- ^ a b c Copeland, Lorraine; Wescombe, P. (1965). Inventory of Stone-Age Sites in Lebanon. Imprimerie Catholique. pp. 136–137. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
- ^ Middle East International No 371, 16th March 1990, Publishers Lord Mayhew, Dennis Walters MP; Jim Muir, pp. 9, 10.
- ^ "Sin el fil Official Web Site". City of Sin el fil. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
External links
- Sinn El Fil, Localiban
- Municipality of Sin el Fil (Arabic)
