Ischyrodon: Difference between revisions

Ischyrodon; Temporal range: Middle Jurassic, Callovian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
	NMB L.D.37, the holotype tooth crown; in (A) mesial, (B) lingual, (C) apical, (D) labial, and (E) distal view
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Superorder:	†Sauropterygia
Order:	†Plesiosauria
Family:	†Pliosauridae
Clade:	†Thalassophonea
Genus:	†Ischyrodon; von Meyer, 1838
Type species
	†Ischyrodon meriani; von Meyer, 1838 vide von Meyer, 1856

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Ischyrodon is a dubious genus of large, carnivorous marine reptile belonging to the Pliosauroidea, a clade of short-necked plesiosaurs and it is known from the Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of Wölflinswil, Switzerland. The type species is I. meriani,^[1]^[2] and was previously listed as a synonym of Liopleurodon ferox.^[3]

Ischyrodon was named in 1838 and described in 1856 by Hermann von Meyer.^[1]^[2] Lambert Beverly Tarlo noted the possibility of it pertaining to Liopleurodon in 1960.^[3] A 2022 study by Daniel Madzia and colleagues noted that while the tooth likely came from Liopleurodon or something similar, there was too little information available to make a confident assignment, so they treated Ischyrodon as a nomen dubium and did not synonymise Ischyrodon with Liopleurodon.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b von Meyer H. (1838). Mittheilungen, an Prof. Bronn gerichtet. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde. Jahrgang 1838:413-41
^ ^a ^b Meyer, H. v. (1856). "Ischyrodon meriani aus dem Oolith im Frickthale". Palaeontographica. 6: 19–21.
^ ^a ^b Tarlo LB. (1960). A review of the Upper Jurassic pliosaurs. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, London 4(5):145-189
^ Madzia, D.; Sachs, S.; Klug, C. (2022). "Historical significance and taxonomic status of Ischyrodon meriani (Pliosauridae) from the Middle Jurassic of Switzerland". PeerJ. 10: e13244. doi:10.7717/peerj.13244. PMC 8995022. PMID 35415018.

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[vonMeyer1838-1] von Meyer H. (1838). Mittheilungen, an Prof. Bronn gerichtet. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde. Jahrgang 1838:413-41

[vonMeyer1856-2] Meyer, H. v. (1856). "Ischyrodon meriani aus dem Oolith im Frickthale". Palaeontographica. 6: 19–21.

[Tarlo1960-3] Tarlo LB. (1960). A review of the Upper Jurassic pliosaurs. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, London 4(5):145-189

[Madzia2022-4] Madzia, D.; Sachs, S.; Klug, C. (2022). "Historical significance and taxonomic status of Ischyrodon meriani (Pliosauridae) from the Middle Jurassic of Switzerland". PeerJ. 10: e13244. doi:10.7717/peerj.13244. PMC 8995022. PMID 35415018.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Extinct Pliosaurid marine reptile}}
-{{Italic title}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
+{{Automatic taxobox
-{{Taxobox
-| name = ''Ischyrodon''
 | fossil_range = [[Middle Jurassic]], {{Fossil range|Callovian}}
 | image = Ischyrodon_meriani_holotype_tooth_crown.jpg
 | image_caption = NMB L.D.37, the holotype tooth crown; in (A) mesial, (B) lingual, (C) apical, (D) labial, and (E) distal view
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
+| taxon = Ischyrodon
+| authority = [[Hermann von Meyer|von Meyer]], 1838
-| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
+| type_species = {{extinct}}''Ischyrodon meriani''
-| classis = [[Reptile|Reptilia]]
+| type_species_authority = von Meyer, 1838 ''vide'' von Meyer, 1856
-| ordo = †[[Plesiosauria]]
-| subordo = †[[Pliosauroidea]]
-| familia = †[[Pliosauridae]]
-| unranked_subfamilia = †[[Thalassophonea]]
-| genus = [[extinction|†]]'''''Ischyrodon'''''
-| genus_authority = [[Hermann von Meyer|von Meyer]], 1838
-| binomial = {{extinct}}'''''Ischyrodon meriani'''''
-| binomial_authority = von Meyer, 1838 ''vide'' von Meyer, 1856
 }}
-'''''Ischyrodon''''' is a [[nomen dubium|dubious]] genus of large, [[Carnivore|carnivorous]] [[marine reptile]] belonging to the [[Pliosauroidea]], a [[clade]] of short-necked [[plesiosaur]]s and it is known from the [[Middle Jurassic]] ([[Callovian]]) of [[Wölflinswil]], [[Switzerland]]. The type species is '''''I. meriani''''',<ref name=vonMeyer1838>von Meyer H. (1838). Mittheilungen, an Prof. Bronn gerichtet. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde. ''Jahrgang'' 1838:413-41</ref><ref name=vonMeyer1856>{{cite journal|last=Meyer|first=H. v.|year=1856|title=''Ischyrodon meriani'' aus dem Oolith im Frickthale|journal=Palaeontographica |pages=19–21|url=https://archive.org/details/palaeontographic06cass/page/18/mode/2up?view=theater|volume=6}}</ref> and was previously listed as a synonym of ''[[Liopleurodon ferox]]''.<ref name="Tarlo1960">Tarlo LB. (1960). A review of the Upper Jurassic pliosaurs. ''Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, London'' 4(5):145-189</ref>
+'''''Ischyrodon''''' is a [[nomen dubium|dubious]] genus of large, [[Carnivore|carnivorous]] [[marine reptile]] belonging to the [[Pliosauroidea]], a [[clade]] of short-necked [[plesiosaur]]s and it is known from the [[Middle Jurassic]] ([[Callovian]]) of [[Wölflinswil]], Switzerland. The type species is '''''I. meriani''''',<ref name=vonMeyer1838>von Meyer H. (1838). Mittheilungen, an Prof. Bronn gerichtet. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde. ''Jahrgang'' 1838:413-41</ref><ref name=vonMeyer1856>{{cite journal|last=Meyer|first=H. v.|year=1856|title=''Ischyrodon meriani'' aus dem Oolith im Frickthale|journal=Palaeontographica |pages=19–21|url=https://archive.org/details/palaeontographic06cass/page/18/mode/2up?view=theater|volume=6}}</ref> and was previously listed as a synonym of ''[[Liopleurodon ferox]]''.<ref name="Tarlo1960">Tarlo LB. (1960). A review of the Upper Jurassic pliosaurs. ''Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, London'' 4(5):145-189</ref>
 ''Ischyrodon'' was named in 1838 and described in 1856 by [[Hermann von Meyer]].<ref name=vonMeyer1838 /><ref name=vonMeyer1856 /> [[Beverly Halstead|Lambert Beverly Tarlo]] noted the possibility of it pertaining to ''Liopleurodon'' in 1960.<ref name="Tarlo1960" /> A 2022 study by Daniel Madzia and colleagues noted that while the tooth likely came from ''Liopleurodon'' or something similar, there was too little information available to make a confident assignment, so they treated ''Ischyrodon'' as a ''[[nomen dubium]]'' and did not synonymise ''Ischyrodon'' with ''Liopleurodon''.<ref name="Madzia2022">{{cite journal|last1=Madzia|first1=D.|last2=Sachs|first2=S.|last3=Klug|first3=C.|year=2022|title=Historical significance and taxonomic status of ''Ischyrodon meriani'' (Pliosauridae) from the Middle Jurassic of Switzerland|journal=PeerJ|volume=10|pages=e13244|doi=10.7717/peerj.13244|pmid=35415018 |pmc=8995022 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Latest revision as of 12:18, 22 December 2024

See also

References