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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{Infobox film
{{Infobox film
| name = Jeevitha Nouka
| image = Jeevitha Nouka.jpg
| image = Jeevitha Nouka.jpg
| caption = The advertisement of the Malayalam version of the cinema.
| caption = Advertisement of the Malayalam version
| director = K. Vembu
| director = K. Vembu
| producer = K. V. Koshi<br/>[[Kunchako]]
| producer = K. V. Koshi<br />[[Kunchako]]
| writer = [[Muthukulam Raghavan Pillai]]
| writer = [[Muthukulam Raghavan Pillai]]
| story = K&K Productions
| story = K&K Productions
| starring = [[Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair]]<br/>B. S. Saroja<br/>Adhimoolam<br/>Pankajavalli<br/>S.P.Pillai<br/>Nanukuttan
| starring = [[Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair]]<br />B. S. Saroja<br />Adhimoolam<br />Pankajavalli<br />S.P.Pillai<br />Nanukuttan
| music = [[V. Dakshinamoorthy]]
| music = [[V. Dakshinamoorthy]]
| cinematography = P. B. Mani
| cinematography = P. B. Mani
| editing = [[S. Williams]]
| editing = [[S. Williams]]
| studio = [[Udaya Studios|K&K Productions]]
| studio = [[Udaya Studios|K&K Productions]]
| distributor =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1951|3|15|df=y}}
| released = {{Film date|1951|3|15|df=y}}
| runtime = 170 minutes
| runtime = 170 minutes
| country = India
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| language = Malayalam
| budget = {{INR}} 20,000<ref name="economy">{{cite book|last= M. A. Oommen, Kumbattu Varkey Joseph|title= Economics of Indian cinema|year=1991 |publisher= Oxford & IBH Publications|location= India|isbn= 81-204-0575-7|page=50}}</ref>
| budget = {{INR}} 20,000<ref name="economy">{{Cite book |last=M. A. Oommen, Kumbattu Varkey Joseph |title=Economics of Indian cinema |publisher=Oxford & IBH Publications |year=1991 |isbn=81-204-0575-7 |location=India |page=50}}</ref>
| gross =
| gross =
}}
}}


'''''Jeevitha Nouka''''' ({{translation| ''The Lifeboat''}}) is a 1951 [[Malayalam-language]] film directed by K. Vembu and jointly produced by K. V. Koshi and [[Kunchako]]. It was the first "blockbuster cinema" in [[Malayalam cinema]], with a theatrical run of 284 days.<ref>{{cite book|last= Thoraval |first= Yves |title= The cinemas of India (Les Cinemas de L lnde)|year= 1998|publisher= Macmillan India|location= France|language=fr|isbn= 0-333-93410-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last= Kerala Sahitya Academy |title= Malayalam litreary survey Volume 20, Issue 1|year= 1998|publisher= Macmillan India|location= India|page=23}}</ref> Made at a budget of {{INR}}20,000, it was a commercial success at the box office, such that very few cinemas could surpass it later.<ref name="economy"/> It was simultaneously shot in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]], and was dubbed and released in [[Hindi]].<ref name="The Hindu">{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/08/16/stories/2008081653751300.htm|title=Jeevitha Nouka 1951|author=B. Vijayakumar|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=16 August 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016064106/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/article1422985.ece|archive-date=16 October 2016}}</ref> This cinema portrayed the life of simple folk in a small village in [[Kerala]]. It stars [[Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair]] and [[B. S. Saroja]], with the latter making her debut and the former in his first major role.<ref>{{cite book|last= National Film Development Corporation of India |title= Cinema in India: Volume 2 |year= 1991|location= India|isbn= 0-333-93410-5}}</ref> Its music is composed by [[V. Dakshinamoorthy]] and popular playback singer [[Mehboob (singer)|Mehboob]] debuted through this cinema.<ref name="The Hindu"/> It is a remake of the Hindi cinema ''[[Jeevan Naiya]]'' with revised screenplay.
'''''Jeevitha Nouka''''' ({{translation|''The Lifeboat''}}) is a 1951 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language film directed by K. Vembu and jointly produced by K. V. Koshi and [[Kunchako]]. It was the first "blockbuster cinema" in [[Malayalam cinema]], with a theatrical run of 284 days.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Thoraval |first=Yves |title=The cinemas of India (Les Cinemas de L lnde) |publisher=Macmillan India |year=1998 |isbn=0-333-93410-5 |location=France |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kerala Sahitya Academy |title=Malayalam litreary survey Volume 20, Issue 1 |publisher=Macmillan India |year=1998 |location=India |page=23}}</ref> Made at a budget of {{INR}}20,000, it was a commercial success at the box office, such that very few cinemas could surpass it later.<ref name="economy" /> It was simultaneously shot in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]], and was dubbed and released in [[Hindi]].<ref name="The Hindu">{{Cite web |last=Vijayakumar |first=B. |date=16 August 2008 |title=Jeevitha Nouka 1951 |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/08/16/stories/2008081653751300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20161016064106/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/article1422985.ece |archive-date=16 October 2016 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> This cinema portrayed the life of simple folk in a small village in [[Kerala]]. It stars [[Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair]] and [[B. S. Saroja]], with the latter making her debut and the former in his first major role.<ref>{{Cite book |last=National Film Development Corporation of India |title=Cinema in India: Volume 2 |year=1991 |isbn=0-333-93410-5 |location=India}}</ref> Its music is composed by [[V. Dakshinamoorthy]] and popular playback singer [[Mehboob (singer)|Mehboob]] debuted through this cinema.<ref name="The Hindu" /> It is a remake of the Hindi cinema ''[[Jeevan Naiya]]'' with revised screenplay.


The Tamil version, titled '''''Pichaikkaari''''' ({{trans}} ''The Lady Beggar''), was released on 18 May 1951. Vidwan P. Adhimoolan wrote the dialogues and lyrics.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1951-cinedetails15.asp|title=Sadhanaigal Padaitha Thamizh Thiraipada Varalaru|trans-title=History of Landmark Tamil Films|publisher=Sivakami Publishers|author=Film News Anandan|author-link=Film News Anandan|date=23 October 2004|location=Chennai|language=ta|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170921023658/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1951-cinedetails15.asp|archive-date=21 September 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The song "Vanaraniye enthan manaraniye", sung by [[Thiruchi Loganathan]] and [[P. Leela]], was popular.
The Tamil version, titled '''''Pichaikkaari''''' ({{trans|''The Lady Beggar''}}), was released on 18 May 1951. Vidwan P. Adhimoolan wrote the dialogues and lyrics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1951 – பிச்சைக்காரி – கே.கே.புரொடக்ஷன்ஸ் ஜீவிதநௌகா(ம) |trans-title=1951 – Pichaikkaari – K.K. Productions Jeevitha Nouka(ma) |url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1951-cinedetails15.asp |url-status=dead |website=[[Lakshman Sruthi]] |language=ta}}</ref> The song "Vanaraniye enthan manaraniye", sung by [[Thiruchi Loganathan]] and [[P. Leela]], was popular.


==Cast==
== Cast ==


=== Malayalam ===
=== Malayalam ===
Line 59: Line 58:
* Balachandran
* Balachandran


==Soundtrack==
== Soundtrack ==
V. Dakshinamoorthy composed the music for both Malayalam and Tamil versions. All the tunes for all the songs for both languages are the same with slight changes in playback singers.
V. Dakshinamoorthy composed the music for both Malayalam and Tamil versions. All the tunes for all the songs for both languages are the same with slight changes in playback singers.


Line 66: Line 65:


{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! No. !! Song !! Singer/s !! Duration (m:ss)
! Song !! Singer/s !! Duration (m:ss)
|-
|-
| 1 || "Paahi Thaaye" || Mehboob & Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Paahi Thaaye" || Mehboob & Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|-
|-
| 2 || "Aanandamiyalum Baale" || P. Leela ||
| "Aanandamiyalum Baale" || P. Leela ||
|-
|-
| 3 || "Paathakalil Vaaneedumee" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Paathakalil Vaaneedumee" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|-
|-
| 4 || "Ghoraandhakaaramaaya" || Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela ||
| "Ghoraandhakaaramaaya" || Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela ||
|-
|-
| 5 || "Pasiyaaluyirvaadi" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Pasiyaaluyirvaadi" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|-
|-
| 6 || "Gathiyethumilla" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Gathiyethumilla" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|-
|-
| 7 || "Vaarthinkal Thaalameduthavar"<br>(Magdalana Mariyam) || Mehboob, V. Dakshinamoorthy<br>& Kaviyoor Revamma
| "Vaarthinkal Thaalameduthavar"<br />(Magdalana Mariyam) || Mehboob, V. Dakshinamoorthy<br />& Kaviyoor Revamma
|-
|-
| 8 || "Premarajyamarnu" || V. Dakshinamoorthy & P. Leela
| "Premarajyamarnu" || V. Dakshinamoorthy & P. Leela
|-
|-
| 9 || "Aanathalayolam Venna" || Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar<br>& Alappuzha Pushpam ||
| "Aanathalayolam Venna" || Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar<br />& Alappuzha Pushpam ||
|-
|-
| 10 || "Thornidumo Kanneer" || Mehboob & Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Thornidumo Kanneer" || Mehboob & Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|-
|-
| 11 || "Paapamaanithu Baale" || Ghantasala ||
| "Paapamaanithu Baale" || Ghantasala ||
|-
|-
| 12 || "Karuthidaathey || Alappuzha Pushpam ||
| "Karuthidaathey || Alappuzha Pushpam ||
|-
|-
| 13 || "Akaale Aarum Kaividam" || Mehboob ||
| "Akaale Aarum Kaividam" || Mehboob ||
|-
|-
| 14 || "Vana Gaayike Vanil Varoo Naayike" || Mehboob & P. Leela ||
| "Vana Gaayike Vanil Varoo Naayike" || Mehboob & P. Leela ||
|-
|-
| 15 || "Thoraathasrudhaara" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Thoraathasrudhaara" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|}
|}


;Tamil songs (Pichaikkaari)
;Tamil songs (Pichaikkaari)
Lyrics were penned by P. Aadhimoolan.
Lyrics were penned by P. Aadhimoolan. [[Playback singer]]s are [[Thiruchi Loganathan]], [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]], [[Mehboob (singer)|Mehboob]], [[P. Leela]] and [[Kaviyoor Revamma]].


{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! No. !! Song !! Singer/s !! Duration (m:ss)
! Song !! Singer/s !! Duration (m:ss)
|-
|-
| 1 || "Baahi Thaaye Paarvathi" || P. Leela ||
| "Baahi Thaaye Paarvathi" || [[P. Leela]]||
|-
|-
| 2 || "Joraaga Uduthe Naane" || P. Leela ||
| "Joraaga Uduthe Naane" || P. Leela ||
|-
|-
| 3 || "Neeyethaane Eesan Thunai" || P. Leela ||
| "Neeyethaane Eesan Thunai" || P. Leela ||
|-
|-
| 4 || "Thedinaaro Yaavarum Dhanam" || Mehboob & Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Thedinaaro Yaavarum Dhanam" || [[Mehboob (singer)|Mehboob]] & [[Kaviyoor Revamma]]||
|-
|-
| 5 || "Veedhigalil Vaazhdhiduvaar" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Veedhigalil Vaazhdhiduvaar" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|-
|-
| 6 || "Gadhi Yaarum Illai" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Gadhi Yaarum Illai" || Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|-
|-
| 7 || "Kaarmugil Keeri Velippadum" || Thiruchi Loganathan, P. Leela<br>& Kaviyoor Revamma ||
| "Kaarmugil Keeri Velippadum" || [[Thiruchi Loganathan]], P. Leela<br />& Kaviyoor Revamma ||
|-
|-
| 8 || "Paavamaaam Idhu Paavaai" || Thiruchi Loganathan ||
| "Paavamaaam Idhu Paavaai" || Thiruchi Loganathan ||
|-
|-
| 9 || "Vaai Niraiya Vennai" || P. Leela ||
| "Vaai Niraiya Vennai" || P. Leela ||
|-
|-
| 10 || "Yaaradi Kalli Neethaan" || Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela ||
| "Yaaradi Kalli Neethaan" || Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela ||
|-
|-
| 11 || "Inidhaai Ennidatthe" || Ghantasala ||
| "Inidhaai Ennidatthe" || [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]]||
|-
|-
| 12 || "Nanmaigal Seidhaal" || Thiruchi Loganathan ||
| "Nanmaigal Seidhaal" || Thiruchi Loganathan ||
|-
|-
| 13 || "Sagaayam Yaarum Alladaa" || Thiruchi Loganathan ||
| "Sagaayam Yaarum Alladaa" || Thiruchi Loganathan ||
|-
|-
| 14 || "Vanaraniye Endhan Manaraniye" || Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela ||
| "Vanaraniye Endhan Manaraniye" || Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela ||
|}
|}


==Box office==
== Box office ==
This film was a critical and commercial success and ran over 284 days in theatres.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-south-a-z-of-malayalam-cinema/20120420.htm|title=J for Jeevitha Nauka (1951)|work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=20 April 2012|access-date=26 February 2018|archive-date=27 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227034323/http://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-south-a-z-of-malayalam-cinema/20120420.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The film was screened in Kozhikode for 175 days and ran for 107 days in Ernakulam. 100 days have been completed in Kollam, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Kannur and Thrissur districts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=വിജയത്തിലേക്ക് ഒഴുകിയ ജീവിതനൗക |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/features/2021/03/15/70-years-of-jeevitha-nouka-movie.html |access-date=2022-07-31 |website=ManoramaOnline |language=ml}}</ref>
This film was a critical and commercial success and ran over 284 days in theatres.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2012 |title=J for Jeevitha Nauka (1951) |url=http://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-south-a-z-of-malayalam-cinema/20120420.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227034323/http://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-south-a-z-of-malayalam-cinema/20120420.htm |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=26 February 2018 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> The film was screened in Kozhikode for 175 days and ran for 107 days in Ernakulam. 100 days have been completed in Kollam, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Kannur and Thrissur districts.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2021 |title=വിജയത്തിലേക്ക് ഒഴുകിയ ജീവിതനൗക |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/features/2021/03/15/70-years-of-jeevitha-nouka-movie.html |access-date=2022-07-31 |website=ManoramaOnline |language=ml}}</ref>


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0251155|Jeevitha Nouka}}
* {{IMDb title}}
* [http://www.malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?219 ''Jeevitha Nouka''] at the Malayalam Movie Database
* [http://www.malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?219 ''Jeevitha Nouka''] at the Malayalam Movie Database


[[Category:1950s Indian films]]
[[Category:1950s Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:1950s Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:1950s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1951 drama films]]
[[Category:1951 multilingual films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:1951 drama films]]
[[Category:Indian multilingual films]]
[[Category:1950s Indian films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Revision as of 13:29, 22 December 2024

Jeevitha Nouka
Advertisement of the Malayalam version
Directed byK. Vembu
Written byMuthukulam Raghavan Pillai
Story byK&K Productions
Produced byK. V. Koshi
Kunchako
StarringThikkurissy Sukumaran Nair
B. S. Saroja
Adhimoolam
Pankajavalli
S.P.Pillai
Nanukuttan
CinematographyP. B. Mani
Edited byS. Williams
Music byV. Dakshinamoorthy
Production
company
Release date
  • 15 March 1951 (1951-03-15)
Running time
170 minutes
CountryIndia
LanguageMalayalam
Budget₹ 20,000[1]

Jeevitha Nouka (transl. The Lifeboat) is a 1951 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by K. Vembu and jointly produced by K. V. Koshi and Kunchako. It was the first "blockbuster cinema" in Malayalam cinema, with a theatrical run of 284 days.[2][3] Made at a budget of ₹20,000, it was a commercial success at the box office, such that very few cinemas could surpass it later.[1] It was simultaneously shot in Tamil and Telugu, and was dubbed and released in Hindi.[4] This cinema portrayed the life of simple folk in a small village in Kerala. It stars Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair and B. S. Saroja, with the latter making her debut and the former in his first major role.[5] Its music is composed by V. Dakshinamoorthy and popular playback singer Mehboob debuted through this cinema.[4] It is a remake of the Hindi cinema Jeevan Naiya with revised screenplay.

The Tamil version, titled Pichaikkaari (transl. The Lady Beggar), was released on 18 May 1951. Vidwan P. Adhimoolan wrote the dialogues and lyrics.[6] The song "Vanaraniye enthan manaraniye", sung by Thiruchi Loganathan and P. Leela, was popular.

Cast

Malayalam

Main cast

Supporting cast
  • Ponnappan Arckatty as SI of Police
  • Muthukulam Raghavan Pillai, Ambalappuzha Ravunni, Baby Girija, Jagadamma, Janamma, Mathappan, Mulavana, Soman Pillai.

Tamil

Main cast
Dance
  • C. R. Rajakumari
  • Indira Acharya
  • B. S. Saroja
  • Gopalakrishnan
  • Balachandran

Soundtrack

V. Dakshinamoorthy composed the music for both Malayalam and Tamil versions. All the tunes for all the songs for both languages are the same with slight changes in playback singers.

Malayalam songs (Jeevitha Nouka)

Lyrics were penned by Abhayadev and Vallathol Narayana Menon. Playback singers are Thiruchi Loganathan, Ghantasala, Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar, V. Dakshinamoorthy, Mehboob, P. Leela, Alappuzha Pushpam and Kaviyoor Revamma.

Song Singer/s Duration (m:ss)
"Paahi Thaaye" Mehboob & Kaviyoor Revamma
"Aanandamiyalum Baale" P. Leela
"Paathakalil Vaaneedumee" Kaviyoor Revamma
"Ghoraandhakaaramaaya" Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela
"Pasiyaaluyirvaadi" Kaviyoor Revamma
"Gathiyethumilla" Kaviyoor Revamma
"Vaarthinkal Thaalameduthavar"
(Magdalana Mariyam)		 Mehboob, V. Dakshinamoorthy
& Kaviyoor Revamma
"Premarajyamarnu" V. Dakshinamoorthy & P. Leela
"Aanathalayolam Venna" Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar
& Alappuzha Pushpam
"Thornidumo Kanneer" Mehboob & Kaviyoor Revamma
"Paapamaanithu Baale" Ghantasala
"Karuthidaathey Alappuzha Pushpam
"Akaale Aarum Kaividam" Mehboob
"Vana Gaayike Vanil Varoo Naayike" Mehboob & P. Leela
"Thoraathasrudhaara" Kaviyoor Revamma
Tamil songs (Pichaikkaari)

Lyrics were penned by P. Aadhimoolan.

Song Singer/s Duration (m:ss)
"Baahi Thaaye Paarvathi" P. Leela
"Joraaga Uduthe Naane" P. Leela
"Neeyethaane Eesan Thunai" P. Leela
"Thedinaaro Yaavarum Dhanam" Mehboob & Kaviyoor Revamma
"Veedhigalil Vaazhdhiduvaar" Kaviyoor Revamma
"Gadhi Yaarum Illai" Kaviyoor Revamma
"Kaarmugil Keeri Velippadum" Thiruchi Loganathan, P. Leela
& Kaviyoor Revamma
"Paavamaaam Idhu Paavaai" Thiruchi Loganathan
"Vaai Niraiya Vennai" P. Leela
"Yaaradi Kalli Neethaan" Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela
"Inidhaai Ennidatthe" Ghantasala
"Nanmaigal Seidhaal" Thiruchi Loganathan
"Sagaayam Yaarum Alladaa" Thiruchi Loganathan
"Vanaraniye Endhan Manaraniye" Thiruchi Loganathan & P. Leela

Box office

This film was a critical and commercial success and ran over 284 days in theatres.[7] The film was screened in Kozhikode for 175 days and ran for 107 days in Ernakulam. 100 days have been completed in Kollam, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Kannur and Thrissur districts.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b M. A. Oommen, Kumbattu Varkey Joseph (1991). Economics of Indian cinema. India: Oxford & IBH Publications. p. 50. ISBN 81-204-0575-7.
  2. ^ Thoraval, Yves (1998). The cinemas of India (Les Cinemas de L lnde) (in French). France: Macmillan India. ISBN 0-333-93410-5.
  3. ^ Kerala Sahitya Academy (1998). Malayalam litreary survey Volume 20, Issue 1. India: Macmillan India. p. 23.
  4. ^ a b Vijayakumar, B. (16 August 2008). "Jeevitha Nouka 1951". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 16 October 2016.
  5. ^ National Film Development Corporation of India (1991). Cinema in India: Volume 2. India. ISBN 0-333-93410-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  6. ^ "1951 – பிச்சைக்காரி – கே.கே.புரொடக்ஷன்ஸ் ஜீவிதநௌகா(ம)" [1951 – Pichaikkaari – K.K. Productions Jeevitha Nouka(ma)]. Lakshman Sruthi (in Tamil).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ "J for Jeevitha Nauka (1951)". Rediff.com. 20 April 2012. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
  8. ^ "വിജയത്തിലേക്ക് ഒഴുകിയ ജീവിതനൗക". ManoramaOnline (in Malayalam). 15 March 2021. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
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