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* '''''Keichō 20''''' ([[1615]]): Osaka Summer Battle begins
* '''''Keichō 20''''' ([[1615]]): Osaka Summer Battle begins


* '''''Genna gannen''''' (元和正徳) or '''''Genna 1''''' ([[1615]]): Ieyasu and his son Hidetada march again to Osaka, and they force Hidetada to flee the city.<ref>Klaproth, p. 410.</ref>

* '''''Genna 2''''', on the 17th day of teh 4th month ([[1616]]): Ieyasu dies a Suruga.<ref>Klaproth, p. 410.</ref>
* '''''Genna 3''''', on the 26th day of the 8th month ([[1617]]): Former emperor Go-Yōsei dies. He is burried at the Tiple of "Ki kwo."<ref>Klaproth, p. 410.</ref>
* '''''Genna 4''''', in the 8th month ([[1618]]): A comet appeared in the sky.<ref>Klaproth, p. 410.</ref>
* '''''Genna 6''''' ([[1620]]): The emperor wed the daughter of Shogun Hidetada; and there were severe fires in Mikayo on the 30th day of the 2nd month and on the 4th day of the 3rd month.<ref>Klaproth, p. 410.</ref>
* '''''Genna 9''''' ([[1623]]): Tokugawa Iemitsu, son of Hidetada, came to the court of the emperor, where he was created Shogun.<ref>Klaproth, p. 410.</ref>


When it was found out that his favorite court lady while he was a prince was an imperial princess, [[Tokugawa Hidetada]] threatened to cancel the engagement to his daughter, Tokugawa Kazuko. However, apologizing for his actions, Tokugawa Kazuko was welcomed into the Imperial court. In 1627, the {{nihongo|[[Purple Clothes Incident]]|紫衣事件|shi-e jiken}} occurred: the Emperor was accused of having bestowed these honorific purple garments to more than ten priests despite the shogun's edict which banned them for two years (probably in order to break the bond between the Emperor and religious circles). The shogunate intervened making the bestowing of the garments invalid; when [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]]'s wet nurse, being without rank or title, visited the Imperial court, the Emperor, who was unable to retain influence in the face of the shogunate, abdicated in favor of his daughter, who became the [[Empress Meishō]].
When it was found out that his favorite court lady while he was a prince was an imperial princess, [[Tokugawa Hidetada]] threatened to cancel the engagement to his daughter, Tokugawa Kazuko. However, apologizing for his actions, Tokugawa Kazuko was welcomed into the Imperial court. In 1627, the {{nihongo|[[Purple Clothes Incident]]|紫衣事件|shi-e jiken}} occurred: the Emperor was accused of having bestowed these honorific purple garments to more than ten priests despite the shogun's edict which banned them for two years (probably in order to break the bond between the Emperor and religious circles). The shogunate intervened making the bestowing of the garments invalid; when [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]]'s wet nurse, being without rank or title, visited the Imperial court, the Emperor, who was unable to retain influence in the face of the shogunate, abdicated in favor of his daughter, who became the [[Empress Meishō]].

Revision as of 13:23, 13 May 2007

Emperor Go-Mizunoo (後水尾天皇 Go-Mizunoo-tennō) (June 29, 1596–September 11, 1680) was the 108th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He ruled from 1611 to 1629. His personal name was Kotohito (政仁).

Genealogy

He was the third son of Emperor Go-Yōzei. His mother was the daughter of Konoe Sakihisa. Three of his sons and one daughter went on to sit on the Chrysanthemum Throne.

He is named after the Emperor Seiwa, who had the alternate name Mizunoo. (The prefix Go- indicates "later").

Events of Go-Mizunoo-tennō's Life

On the third month, 27th day, Keichō 16 (1611), he became Emperor upon the abdication of his father, Emperor Go-Yōzei. On the 4th month, 12th day, he performed a ceremony of gratitude for his enthronement.

  • Keichō 19 (1614): Siege of Osaka. The Shogun vanquished Hideyori and set fire to Osaka Castle, and then he returned for the winter to Edo.[1]
  • Keichō 19, on the 25th day of teh 10th month (1614): A strong earthquake shook Miyako; and a great bell for the Daibutsu Temple in Miyako was cast.[2]
  • Keichō 20 (1615): Osaka Summer Battle begins
  • Genna gannen (元和正徳) or Genna 1 (1615): Ieyasu and his son Hidetada march again to Osaka, and they force Hidetada to flee the city.[3]
  • Genna 2, on the 17th day of teh 4th month (1616): Ieyasu dies a Suruga.[4]
  • Genna 3, on the 26th day of the 8th month (1617): Former emperor Go-Yōsei dies. He is burried at the Tiple of "Ki kwo."[5]
  • Genna 4, in the 8th month (1618): A comet appeared in the sky.[6]
  • Genna 6 (1620): The emperor wed the daughter of Shogun Hidetada; and there were severe fires in Mikayo on the 30th day of the 2nd month and on the 4th day of the 3rd month.[7]
  • Genna 9 (1623): Tokugawa Iemitsu, son of Hidetada, came to the court of the emperor, where he was created Shogun.[8]

When it was found out that his favorite court lady while he was a prince was an imperial princess, Tokugawa Hidetada threatened to cancel the engagement to his daughter, Tokugawa Kazuko. However, apologizing for his actions, Tokugawa Kazuko was welcomed into the Imperial court. In 1627, the Purple Clothes Incident (紫衣事件, shi-e jiken) occurred: the Emperor was accused of having bestowed these honorific purple garments to more than ten priests despite the shogun's edict which banned them for two years (probably in order to break the bond between the Emperor and religious circles). The shogunate intervened making the bestowing of the garments invalid; when Tokugawa Iemitsu's wet nurse, being without rank or title, visited the Imperial court, the Emperor, who was unable to retain influence in the face of the shogunate, abdicated in favor of his daughter, who became the Empress Meishō.

For the rest of his long life, he concentrated on various aesthetic projects and interests, of which perhaps the best-known are the magnificent Japanese gardens of the Shugaku-in Imperial Villa.

He died in 1680. In the grounds of the Sōkoku-ji in the Kamigyō Ward of Kyōto, Emperor Go-Mizunoo's teeth and hair are preserved, serving to enshrine him.

Eras of Go-Mizunoo-tennō's Reign

Notes

  1. ^ Klaproth, p. 410.
  2. ^ Klaproth, p. 410.
  3. ^ Klaproth, p. 410.
  4. ^ Klaproth, p. 410.
  5. ^ Klaproth, p. 410.
  6. ^ Klaproth, p. 410.
  7. ^ Klaproth, p. 410.
  8. ^ Klaproth, p. 410.

References

  • Klaproth, Julius. (1834). Supplement aux Annales des Daïris, appended to [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris. 1834. [Two digitized examples of this rare book have now been made available online: (1) from the library of the University of Michigan, digitized January 30, 2007; and (2) from the library of Stanford University, digitized June 23, 2006.]
  • Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822. London.
  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1820). Mémoires et Anecdotes sur la Dynastie régnante des Djogouns, Souverains du Japon, avec la description des fêtes et cérémonies observées aux différentes époques de l'année à la Cour de ces Princes, et un appendice contenant des détails sur la poésie des Japonais, leur manière de diviser l'année, etc.; Ouvrage orné de Planches gravées et coloriées, tiré des Originaux Japonais par M. Titsingh; publié avec des Notes et Eclaircissemens Par M. Abel Rémusat. Paris.

Further Reading

  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1822). Illustrations of Japan; consisting of Private Memoirs and Anecdotes of the reigning dynasty of The Djogouns, or Sovereigns of Japan; a description of the Feasts and Ceremonies observed throughout the year at their Court; and of the Ceremonies customary at Marriages and Funerals: to which are subjoined, observations on the legal suicide of the Japanese, remarks on their their poetry, an explanation of their mode of reckoning time, particulars respecting the Dosia powder, the preface of a work by Confoutzee on filial piety, &c. &c. by M. Titsingh formerly Chief Agent to the Dutch East India Company at Nangasaki. Translated from the French, by Frederic Shoberl with coloured plates, faithfully copied from Japanese original designs. London.


Preceded by Emperor Go-Mizunoo
1611–1629 		Succeeded by
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