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In some areas, especially in warmer valleys, the plants produce carpets of blossoms. Svalbard have been divided into four vegetation zones ([http://www.environment.no/templates/PageWithRightListing____2817.aspx ]).
In some areas, especially in warmer valleys, the plants produce carpets of blossoms. Svalbard have been divided into four vegetation zones ([http://www.environment.no/templates/PageWithRightListing____2817.aspx ]).


===List of flowers===
===Plant species===
[[Image:bellheather2.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Cassiope tetragona|Arctic bell-heather]]]][[Image:hawkweed1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Saxifraga hieracifolia|Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage]]]][[Image:knotweed1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Polygonum viviparum|Alpine bistort]]]][[Image:mosscampion.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Moss campion]]]][[Image:poppy3.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Svalbard poppy]]]][[Image:lousewort1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Pedicularis dasyantha|Woolly lousewort]]]]
[[Image:bellheather2.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Cassiope tetragona|Arctic bell-heather]]]][[Image:hawkweed1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Saxifraga hieracifolia|Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage]]]][[Image:knotweed1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Polygonum viviparum|Alpine bistort]]]][[Image:mosscampion.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Moss campion]]]][[Image:poppy3.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Svalbard poppy]]]][[Image:lousewort1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Pedicularis dasyantha|Woolly lousewort]]]]


* ''[[Arabis alpina]]'' <ref name=Alsos>{{cite journal | author = Alsos, I.G., ''et al.'' | year=2007 | title= Frequent long-distance plant colonization in the changing arctic | journal = [[Science (journal)|Science]] | volume = 316 | pages = 1606-1609 | doi = 10.1126/science.1139178}}</ref>
* ''[[Arenaria (plant)|Arenaria]]''
** ''[[Arenaria psuedofrigida]]'' - Fringed sandwort
* ''[[Arenaria (plant)|Arenaria psuedofrigida]]'' - Fringed sandwort
* ''[[Arnica]]''
* ''[[Arnica|Arnica alpina]]'' - Alpine arnica
** ''[[Arnica alpina]]'' - Alpine Arnica
* ''[[Betula nana]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Dwarf birch
* ''[[Braya|Braya purpurascens]]'' - Purplish Braya
⚫
* ''[[Betula]]''
** ''[[Betula nana]]'' - Dwarf birch
* ''[[Campanula|Campanula uniflora]]'' - Arctic harebell
* ''[[Cardamine|Cardamine nymanii]]'' - Polar cress
* ''[[Braya]]''
** ''[[Braya purpurascens]]'' - Purplish Braya
* ''[[Carex|Carex misandra]]'' - Sooty sedge
⚫
* ''[[Cassiope tetragona]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Arctic bell-heather
* ''[[Campanula]]''
** ''[[Campanula uniflora]]'' - Arctic harebell
* ''[[Cerastium arcticum]]'' - Arctic mouse-ear chickweed
* ''[[Cardamine]]''
* ''[[Cochlearia officinalis]]'' - Scurvy-grass
** ''[[Cardamine nymanii]]'' - Polar cress
* ''[[Deschampsia|Deschampsia alpina]]'' - Alpine hair-grass
* ''[[Carex]]''
** ''[[Carex misandra]]'' - Sooty sedge
* ''[[Cassiope]]''
⚫
** ''[[Cassiope tetragona]]'' - Arctic bell-heather
* ''[[Cerastium]]''
** ''[[Cerastium arcticum]]'' - Arctic mouse-ear chickweed
* ''[[Cochlearia]]''
** ''[[Cochlearia officinalis]]'' - Scurvy-grass
* ''[[Deschampsia]]''
** ''[[Deschampsia alpina]]'' - Alpine hair-grass
* ''[[Draba]]''
* ''[[Draba]]''
** ''[[Draba bellii]]'' - Yellow arctic whitlow-grass
** ''[[Draba bellii|D. bellii]]'' - Yellow arctic whitlow-grass
** ''[[Draba lactea]]'' - Lapland whitlow-grass
** ''[[Draba lactea|D. lactea]]'' - Lapland whitlow-grass
* ''[[Dryas (plant)|Dryas]]''
* ''[[Dryas octopetala]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Mountain avens
* ''[[Empetrum|Empetrum nigrum]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Crowberry
** ''[[Dryas octopetala]]'' - Mountain avens
* ''[[Erigeron]]''
* ''[[Erigeron humilis]]'' - Black fleabane
** ''[[Erigeron humilis]]'' - Black fleabane
* ''[[Eriophorum scheuchzeri]]'' - Arctic cottongrass
* ''[[Eriophorum]]''
** ''[[Eriophorum scheuchzeri]]'' - Arctic cottongrass
* ''[[Luzula]]''
* ''[[Luzula]]''
** ''[[Luzula arctica]]'' - Tundra wood-rush
** ''[[Luzula arctica|L. arctica]]'' - Tundra wood-rush
** ''[[Luzula confusa]]'' - Arctic wood-rush
** ''[[Luzula confusa|L. confusa]]'' - Arctic wood-rush
* ''[[Mertensia]]''
* ''[[Mertensia maritima]]'' - Oysterleaf
** ''[[Mertensia maritima]]'' - Oysterleaf
* ''[[Minuartia rubella]]'' - Alpine sandwort
* ''[[Minuartia]]''
** ''[[Minuartia rubella]]'' - Alpine sandwort
* ''[[Oxyria]]''
* ''[[Oxyria]]''
** ''[[Oxyria digyna]]'' - Mountain sorrel
** ''[[Oxyria digyna]]'' - Mountain sorrel
* ''[[Papaver]]''
* ''[[Papaver dahlianum]]'' - Svalbard poppy
** ''[[Papaver dahlianum]]'' - Svalbard poppy
* ''[[Pedicularis]]''
* ''[[Pedicularis]]''
** ''[[Pedicularis dasyantha]]'' - Woolly lousewort
** ''[[Pedicularis dasyantha|P. dasyantha]]'' - Woolly lousewort
** ''[[Pedicularis hirsuta]]'' - Hairy lousewort
** ''[[Pedicularis hirsuta|P. hirsuta]]'' - Hairy lousewort
* ''[[Petasites]]''
* ''[[Petasites frigidus]]'' - Lapland butterbur
** ''[[Petasites frigidus]]'' - Lapland butterbur
* ''[[Poa|Poa alpina]]'' - Alpine meadow-grass
⚫
* ''[[Polemonium boreale]]'' - Boreal Jacobs-ladder
* ''[[Poa]]''
** ''[[Poa alpina]]'' - Alpine meadow-grass
* ''[[Polygonum viviparum]]'' - Alpine bistort
* ''[[Polemonium]]''
⚫
** ''[[Polemonium boreale]]'' - Boreal Jacobs-ladder
* ''[[Polygonum]]''
** ''[[Polygonum viviparum]]'' - Alpine bistort
* ''[[Potentilla]]''
* ''[[Potentilla]]''
** ''[[Potentilla chamissonis]]'' - Bluff cinquefoil
** ''[[Potentilla chamissonis|P. chamissonis]]'' - Bluff cinquefoil
** ''[[Potentilla hyparctica]]'' - Arctic cinquefoil
** ''[[Potentilla hyparctica|P. hyparctica]]'' - Arctic cinquefoil
** ''[[Potentilla pulchella]]'' - Tufted cinquefoil
** ''[[Potentilla pulchella|P. pulchella]]'' - Tufted cinquefoil
* ''[[Puccinellia]]''
* ''[[Puccinellia phryganodes]]'' - Cushioned saltmarsh grass
** ''[[Puccinellia phryganodes]]'' - Cushioned saltmarsh grass
* ''[[Ranunculus]]''
* ''[[Ranunculus]]''
** ''[[Ranunculus hyperboreus]]'' - Arctic buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus hyperboreus|R. hyperboreus]]'' - Arctic buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus lapponicus]]'' - Lapland buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus lapponicus|R. lapponicus]]'' - Lapland buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus nivalis]]'' - Snow buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus nivalis|R. nivalis]]'' - Snow buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus pedatifidus]]'' - Lobed buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus pedatifidus|R. pedatifidus]]'' - Lobed buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus pygmaeus]]'' - Pygmy buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus pygmaeus|R. pygmaeus]]'' - Pygmy buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus suiphureus]]'' - Sulphur-coloured buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus suiphureus|R. suiphureus]]'' - Sulphur-coloured buttercup
* ''[[Rubus chamaemorus]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Cloudberry
* ''[[Salix]]''
⚫
* ''[[Salix]]
** ''[[Salix herbacea]]''<ref name=Alsos/>
** ''[[Salix polaris]]'' - Polar willow
** ''[[Salix polaris]]'' - Polar willow
* ''[[Saxifraga]]''
* ''[[Saxifraga]]''
** ''[[Saxifraga aizoides]]'' - Yellow mountain saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga aizoides|S. aizoides]]'' - Yellow mountain saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga cernua]]'' - Drooping saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga cernua|S. cernua]]'' - Drooping saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga cespitosa]]'' - Tufted saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga cespitosa|S. cespitosa]]'' - Tufted saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga flagellaris]]'' - Whiplash saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga flagellaris|S. flagellaris]]'' - Whiplash saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga hieracifolia]]'' - Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga hieracifolia|S. hieracifolia]]'' - Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga hirculus]]'' - Bog saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga hirculus|S. hirculus]]'' - Bog saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga nivalis]]'' - Alpine saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga nivalis|S. nivalis]]'' - Alpine saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga oppositifolia]]'' - Purple saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga oppositifolia|S. oppositifolia]]'' - Purple saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga rivularis]]'' - Brook saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga rivularis|S. rivularis]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Brook saxifrage
* ''[[Silene]]''
* ''[[Silene]]''
** ''[[Silene acaulis]]'' - Moss campion
** ''[[Silene acaulis|S. acaulis]]'' - Moss campion
** ''[[Silene furcata]]'' - Arctic Lychnis
** ''[[Silene furcata|S. furcata]]'' - Arctic Lychnis
** ''[[Silene wahlbergella]]'' - Northern catchfly
** ''[[Silene wahlbergella|S. wahlbergella]]'' - Northern catchfly
* ''[[Stellaria]]''
* ''[[Stellaria]]''
** ''[[Stellaria crassipes]]'' - Chickweed
** ''[[Stellaria crassipes|S. crassipes]]'' - Chickweed
** ''[[Stellaria humifusa]]'' - Arctic chickweed
** ''[[Stellaria humifusa|S. humifusa]]'' - Arctic chickweed
* ''[[Taraxacum]]''
* ''[[Taraxacum]]''
** ''[[Taraxacum arcticum]]'' - Arctic dandelion
** ''[[Taraxacum arcticum|T. arcticum]]'' - Arctic dandelion
** ''[[Taraxacum brachyceras]]'' - Polar dandelion
** ''[[Taraxacum brachyceras|T. brachyceras]]'' - Polar dandelion
* ''[[Vaccinium|Vaccinium ulginosum]]''<ref name=Alsos/>


<gallery>
<gallery>
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Image:purpSaxifrage1.jpg|[[Purple Saxifrage|Purple saxifrage]]
Image:purpSaxifrage1.jpg|[[Purple Saxifrage|Purple saxifrage]]
</gallery>
</gallery>

==Reference==

{{reflist}}


{{Europe in topic|Flora of}}
{{Europe in topic|Flora of}}

Revision as of 20:59, 20 June 2007

There are 164 vascular plant species on the Norwegian arctic archipelago of Svalbard. This figure does not include algae, mosses, and lichens, which are non-vascular plants. For an island so far north, 164 species constitutes an astonishing variety of plant life. Because of the harsh climate and the short growing season, all the plants are slow growing. They seldom grow higher than 10 cm.

In some areas, especially in warmer valleys, the plants produce carpets of blossoms. Svalbard have been divided into four vegetation zones ([1]).

Plant species

Arctic bell-heather
Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage
Alpine bistort
Moss campion
Svalbard poppy
Woolly lousewort

Reference

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Alsos, I.G.; et al. (2007). "Frequent long-distance plant colonization in the changing arctic". Science. 316: 1606–1609. doi:10.1126/science.1139178. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)
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