Cat Stevens' comments about Salman Rushdie

Following Ayatollah Khomeini's February 14, 1989 death threat fatwa against author Salman Rushdie, convert to Islam and former soft pop singer Yusuf Islam, aka Cat Stevens, made statements endorsing the fatwa. This generated a furor among a number of musicians, radio stations, newspaper editorialists and supporters of free speech in the West. Yusuf denied that his statements were in support of the fatwa, and claimed that he was merely stating what he believed Islamic law to be. Critics claim several independent reports, including statements on video, belie his claims of innocence.

Statements

On February 21, 1989, Yusuf Islam addressed students at Kingston University in London about his journey to Islam and was asked about the controversy in the Muslim world and the fatwa calling for Salman Rushdie's execution. He replied, "He must be killed. The Qur'an makes it clear - if someone defames the prophet, then he must die."

Newspapers quickly denounced Yusuf Islam's support for the assassination of Rushdie and the next day Yusuf released a statement saying that he was not personally encouraging anybody to be a vigilante, and that he was only stating that blasphemy is a capital offense according to the Qur'an.

However, on May 23, 1989, the New York Times reported comments made by Yusuf Islam on a British television courtroom-style program, Hypotheticals.

In the episode, ("A Satanic Scenario", planned for broadcast the following week) Islam has this exchange with moderator and Queens Counsel Geoffrey Robertson:

Robertson: You don't think that this man deserves to die?
Islam: Who, Salman Rushdie?
Robertson: Yes.
Islam: Yes, yes.
Robertson: And do you have a duty to be his executioner?
Islam: Uh, no, not necessarily, unless we were in an Islamic state and I was ordered by a judge or by the authority to carry out such an act - perhaps, yes.

In a later interview Islam reaffirmed these comments:

[Rather than go to a demonstration to burn an effigy of the author Salman Rushdie] I would have hoped that it'd be the real thing.

[If Rushdie turned up at my doorstep looking for help] I might ring somebody who might do more damage to him than he would like. I'd try to phone the Ayatollah Khomeini and tell him exactly where this man is.

On March 8, 1989, while speaking in London's Regents Park Mosque, when asked by a Christian Science Monitor reporter how he would "cope with the idea of killing a writer for writing a book" he is reported to have replied:

In Islam there is a line between let's say freedom and the line which is then transgressed into immorality and irresponsibility and I think as far as this writer is concerned, unfortunately, he has been irresponsible with his freedom of speech. Salman Rushdie or indeed any writer who abuses the prophet, or indeed any prophet, under Islamic law, the sentence for that is actually death. It's got to be seen as a deterrent, so that other people should not commit the same mistake again.

On the BBC program "Hypotheticals - A Satanic Scenareo" on May 30th, 1989, Yusuf was asked whether he would be interested in attending a demonstration against Salman Rushdie in which he would be burned in effigy. Ysuf answered "I would have hoped it would be the real thing, but actually, no if it's just an effigy I don't think I'd be that moved to go there."

Denials

Yusuf has never retracted his statements about Rushdie, but, in a 2000 Rolling Stone magazine interview, he maintained his innocence as a victim of the media:

I'm very sad that this seems to be the No. 1 question people want to discuss. I had nothing to do with the issue other than what the media created. I was innocently drawn into the whole controversy. So, after many years, I'm glad at least now that I have been given the opportunity to explain to the public and fans my side of the story in my own words. At a lecture, back in 1989, I was asked a question about blasphemy according to Islamic Law, I simply repeated the legal view according to my limited knowledge of the Scriptural texts, based directly on historical commentaries of the Qur'an. The next day the newspaper headlines read, "Cat Says, Kill Rushdie." I was abhorred, but what could I do? I was a new Muslim. If you ask a Bible student to quote the legal punishment of a person who commits blasphemy in the Bible, he would be dishonest if he didn't mention Leviticus 24:16.

On his personal spiritual website he wrote:

I never called for the death of Salman Rushdie; nor backed the Fatwa issued by the Ayatollah Khomeini--and still don’t. The book itself destroyed the harmony between peoples and created an unnecessary international crisis.

When asked about my opinion regarding blasphemy, I could not tell a lie and confirmed that--like both the Torah and the Gospel--the Qur’an considers it, without repentance, as a capital offense. The Bible is full of similar harsh laws if you’re looking for them. However, the application of such Biblical and Qur’anic injunctions is not to be outside of due process of law, in a place or land where such law is accepted and applied by the society as a whole...

Criticism

There was backlash over the Rushdie incident at the time. For example, the pop group 10,000 Maniacs, who had recorded "Peace Train" on their 1987 In My Tribe album, deleted the song from subsequent pressings of their album as a protest against the remarks he made, while several US stations stopped playing Cat Stevens records. Radio talk show host Tom Leykis of KFI-AM in Los Angeles called for a mass burning of Cat Steven's records, which ended in a mass steam rolling of them. Around the Western world, outraged liberals and Christians dug out their Cat Stevens albums from the 1970s and smashed them in the streets. Stevens himself reacted by claiming to be delighted by all the destruction, declaring his old music un-Islamic.

Commenting on the controversy regarding the United States government's 2004 refusal to allow Yusuf to enter the country, Islamic scholar Juan Cole criticized Yusuf for what Cole believed were "weasel words" or contradictory statements about the fatwa. He argued that Stevens had "explained this position away by saying that he did not endorse vigilante action against Rushdie, but would rather want the verdict to be carried out by a proper court." He felt the disavowal not to be "even consistent," as "[a]t the time, Rushdie's life was in imminent danger, and Cat Stevens was skating pretty close to inciting to murder."

Salman Rushdie himself, in a letter to editor to The Times complained of what he believed was Yusuf's attempts to "rewrite his past," and calls his claims of innocence "rubbish."