Sequencing: Difference between revisions
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In [[genetics]] and [[biochemistry]], '''sequencing''' means to determine the [[primary structure]] (or primary sequence) of an unbranched [[biopolymer]]. Sequencing results in a symbolic linear depiction known as a '''sequence''' which succinctly summarizes much of the atomic-level structure of the sequenced molecule. |
In [[genetics]] and [[biochemistry]], '''sequencing''' means to determine the [[primary structure]] (or primary sequence) of an unbranched [[biopolymer]]. Sequencing results in a symbolic linear depiction known as a '''sequence''' which succinctly summarizes much of the atomic-level structure of the sequenced molecule. |
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==Nucleotide sequencing== |
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| ⚫ | In genetics terminology, sequencing is determining the [[nucleotide]]s of a [[DNA]] or [[RNA]] strand. Currently, all sequencing is performed using the [[chain termination method]], created by [[Frederick Sanger]]. This technique can only be used to identify fairly short sequences at a time (around 300-1000 base pairs on ABI machine), and therefore strategies to have been devised to scale the method up to sequence genes and genome. Two of the mainstream [[chain termination method | chain termination]] strategies are [[chromosome walking]] and [[shotgun sequencing]]. |
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Gilbert in 1977 [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=265521] and is known as the [[chemical modification method]]. However, it is not currently used due to the greater ease of the chain termination method. |
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| ⚫ | In genetics terminology, sequencing is determining the [[nucleotide]]s of a [[DNA]] or [[RNA]] strand. Currently, virtually all sequencing is performed using the [[chain termination method]], created by [[Frederick Sanger]]. This technique can only be used to identify fairly short sequences at a time (around 300-1000 base pairs on ABI machine), and therefore strategies to have been devised to scale the method up to sequence genes and genome. Two of the mainstream [[chain termination method | chain termination]] strategies are [[chromosome walking]] and [[shotgun sequencing]]. Besides chain termination sequencing, A. Maxam and W.Gilbert developed the [[chemical modification method]] in 1977 [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=265521]. However, it is not commonly used due to the greater practicality of the chain termination method. |
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* [[Pyrosequencing]] |
* [[Pyrosequencing]] |
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* [[nanopore sequencing]] |
* [[nanopore sequencing]] |
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* [[GeneEngine]] |
* [[GeneEngine]] |
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==Protein Sequencing== |
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Methods for performing [[protein]] sequencing |
Methods for performing [[protein]] sequencing |
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*[[mass spectrometry]] |
*[[mass spectrometry]] |
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*[[protease digests]] |
*[[protease digests]] |
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==Polysaccharide Sequencing== |
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Though [[polysaccharide]]s are also biopolymers, it is not so common to talk of |
Though [[polysaccharide]]s are also biopolymers, it is not so common to talk of |
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Revision as of 02:16, 18 June 2005
- For the sense of "sequencing" used in electronic music, see the music sequencer article.
In genetics and biochemistry, sequencing means to determine the primary structure (or primary sequence) of an unbranched biopolymer. Sequencing results in a symbolic linear depiction known as a sequence which succinctly summarizes much of the atomic-level structure of the sequenced molecule.
Nucleotide sequencing
In genetics terminology, sequencing is determining the nucleotides of a DNA or RNA strand. Currently, virtually all sequencing is performed using the chain termination method, created by Frederick Sanger. This technique can only be used to identify fairly short sequences at a time (around 300-1000 base pairs on ABI machine), and therefore strategies to have been devised to scale the method up to sequence genes and genome. Two of the mainstream chain termination strategies are chromosome walking and shotgun sequencing. Besides chain termination sequencing, A. Maxam and W.Gilbert developed the chemical modification method in 1977 [1]. However, it is not commonly used due to the greater practicality of the chain termination method.
Other seqeuncing techniques are under development, which may offer many benefits over the conventional methods, include:
Protein Sequencing
Methods for performing protein sequencing include:
Polysaccharide Sequencing
Though polysaccharides are also biopolymers, it is not so common to talk of 'sequencing' a polysaccharide, because a symbolic linear depiction cannot capture their tendency to branch and to bond to one another in different ways.