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Ballard is a neighborhood in Seattle, Washington. Incorporated as an independent city in 1890, it was annexed by Seattle in 1907, but has retained much of its old Scandinavian flavor. Its major landmarks include the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks (usually referred to as the "Ballard Locks" locally), the Nordic Heritage Museum, and Golden Gardens Park. It is bounded by Crown Hill, north of N.W. 85th Street; Phinney Ridge and Fremont, east of 8th Avenue N.W.; Salmon Bay (part of the Lake Washington Ship Canal) to the south; and Shilshole Bay (part of Puget Sound) to the west.

The first homesteader in the area was one Ira Wilcox Utter, who filed his claim in 1852. Thirty-six years later, John Leary, Judge Thomas Burke, and railroader Daniel H. Gilman formed the West Coast Improvement Company to develop Burke's land holdings in the area in anticipation of the coming of the Great Northern Railway, whose tracks would be laid along the Salmon Bay coastline on their way to Interbay and points south. They also had a spur built off the main line of the Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railroad from Fremont. Three miles (5 km) of this line are now operated as the Ballard Terminal Railroad, which runs along Salmon Bay from N.W. 40th Street to the BNSF Railway mainline at N.W. 67th.

William Rankin Ballard, owner of land adjoining Judge Burke's holdings, subsequently joined Burke, Leary, and Gilman, and took over management of the development, then called Gilman Park. Upon incorporation in 1890, the settlement took Ballard's name, and operated as an independent city for 17 years.

By 1900, Ballard's population of 4,568 made it the seventh largest city in Washington, and the town continued to boom, growing to 17,000 by 1907. Growth was quickly overwhelming the city’s ability to provide services, particularly a safe water supply, and Ballard’s citizens were increasingly considering asking Seattle to annex their town. The plan was voted down in 1905, but 15 months later annexation won out, and the town officially became part of Seattle on May 29, 1907. On that day, Ballard citizens showed their mixed feelings about the change by draping their city hall with black crepe and flying the flag at half mast.

The neighborhood's main thoroughfares are Seaview, 32nd, 24th, Leary, 15th, and 8th Avenues N.W. (north- and southbound), and N.W. Leary Way and N.W. 85th, 80th, 65th, and Market Streets (east- and westbound). The Ballard Bridge carries 15th Avenue over Salmon Bay to Interbay, and the Salmon Bay Bridge carries the BNSF Railway tracks over the bay, west of the locks.

Ballard is the traditional center of Seattle's ethnically Scandinavian seafaring community, although in recent years the decline of the fishing industry and gentrification have both made inroads into the actual demographics. For years, Ballard remained a cliché in local humor, especially its reputation for overly cautious, elderly drivers. The Seattle-based comedy show Almost Live! often made reference to Ballard, especially in the recurring "Cops in Ballard" sketch.

Ballard also contains Ballard High School, soon to be the largest in the district.

Registered Historic Places in Ballard

Ballard Avenue N.W. between N.W. Market Street and N.W. Dock Place was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 as the Ballard Avenue Historic District, ID #76001885. Two Ballard buildings outside of the Historic District are also listed in the Register: the old Ballard Carnegie Library on N.W. Market Street (added 1979, ID #79002535) and the old Fire Station No. 18 at the corner of Russell Avenue N.W. and N.W. Market (added 1973, ID #73001876). Also listed are the Ballard Bridge (added 1982, ID #82004231), and the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks and Lake Washington Ship Canal (added 1978, ID #78002751).^[1]

Notes

^ National Register of Historic Places for King County, Washington, page 1 and page 2. Accessed 16 September 2007.

External links

Seattle Historic Tours -- Ballard on official Seattle city site, prepared by HistoryLink, June 2001
Ballard Locks
Ballard High School
Ballard Chamber of Commerce
Ballard District Council
Sustainable Ballard
Groundswell NW
Guide to the City of Ballard Records 1890-1907
Guide to the Ballard Avenue Landmark District Records 1975-1995
Walt Crowley, Seattle Neighborhoods: Ballard -- Thumbnail History, HistoryLink.org Essay 983, March 31, 1999
14th Ave NW Visioning Project
Ballard Designs

[1] National Register of Historic Places for King County, Washington, page 1 and page 2. Accessed 16 September 2007.

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 Ballard Avenue N.W. between N.W. Market Street and N.W. Dock Place was added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1976 as the Ballard Avenue Historic District, ID #76001885. Two Ballard buildings outside of the Historic District are also listed in the Register: the old Ballard Carnegie Library on N.W. Market Street (added 1979, ID #79002535) and the old Fire Station No. 18 at the corner of Russell Avenue N.W. and N.W. Market (added 1973, ID #73001876). Also listed are the Ballard Bridge (added 1982, ID #82004231), and the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks and Lake Washington Ship Canal (added 1978, ID #78002751).<ref>National Register of Historic Places for King County, Washington, [http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/WA/King/state.html page 1] and [http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/WA/King/state2.html page 2]. Accessed 16 September 2007.</ref>
-==A Neighborhood in Transition==
-[[Image:Ballard Ave 07.jpg|thumb|The lower part of Ballard Avenue still includes many light industrial businesses.]]
-[[Image:Ballard Ave 12.jpg|thumb|Architect's office on upper Ballard Avenue, about two blocks south of Market Street.]]
-[[Image:Ballard Library.JPG|thumb|Ballard Library, a block north of Market Street]]
-In the first decade of the 21st century, Ballard emerged as one of the most interesting neighborhoods in Seattle.  Its live music scene expanded, with leading venues like the [[Tractor Tavern]] (founded 1994) and Mr. Spot's Chai House; the Second Saturday artwalk became a popular and established tradition (although off the radar of local critics and curators); and the restaurant, boutique, and cafe scene exploded.  Part of this resurgence of activity was attributable to the rediscovery of in-town neighborhoods that was occurring elsewhere at the same time, part to the growing affluence of Seattle and the region, and part to the attractiveness of Ballard as a community, with its historic district and "the road ends here" geography.  The remodel of the historic Bay Theater-the oldest continuously operating movie house west of the Mississippi-from a failing single-screen theater to a well-appointed triplex catalyzed the gentrification of the downtown district, attracting people to Ballard from outside of the area.  In 2005, a new library building, designed by architectural firm Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, was opened as part of the [[Seattle Public Libraries]]' "Libraries for All" initiative.
-Educationally, Ballard is home to several of the Seattle School District's highest-achieving public schools. Ballard High School, the flagship institution of the community, has undergone a great deal of change since undergoing massive renovation in the late 1990s. Before the renovation, BHS was considered a second-rate school in the district, especially after suffering the gang-related shooting of a female student immediately in front of the school in 1994; the girl who was killed had no gang affiliation.<ref>[http://www.schoolsafety.us/pubfiles/savd.pdf The National Safety Center's Report on School Associated Violent Deaths], undated, accessed [[October 12]], [[2006]]. The incident occurred [[March 23]], [[1994]] and the victim was Melissa ("Missie") Fernandez.</ref> The rejuvenated school is now in demand as students from all over the city seek placement there.
-The retail and artistic activity has been accompanied by a real-estate boom.  As of early 2007, nearly 20 major condominium/retail projects were underway or just completed within a five-block radius of the downtown Ballard core, potentially adding up to 2500 new households.  This growing density is looked at with ambivalence by most of the community, but is inevitable as it had been written into the neighborhood plan created under the administration of Mayor [[Norm Rice]] which aimed to reduce suburban sprawl by targeting certain Seattle areas for high-density development. The influx of new residents will undoubtedly create further traffic congestion in the community; the relative lack of mass transit linking Ballard to other Seattle neighborhoods, and scarcity of parking in central Ballard are issues that have not been resolved.
-Transit and growth remain the two most contentious issues regionwide, with little strong leadership from local politicians.  Exploring many of these challenges on both a community level and civic, is the newly formed nonprofit Sustainable Ballard with the slogan "A Blueprint for EveryTown USA",<ref>[http://www.sustainableballard.org Sustainable Ballard home page], accessed online 25 October 2006.</ref> where neighbors model good foreign policy implemented locally.  This fast growing community-wide effort has created many successful projects, among the latest being the Ballard "Get Carbon Neutral" campaign, working toward Ballard becoming the first carbon neutral community in the nation, a goal mentioned in [[Al Gore]]'s speech at [[New York University|NYU]] Law School on September 18, 2006.<ref>Al Gore, [http://www.nyu.edu/community/gore.html Policy address on solving the global climate crisis], September 18, 2006. Accessed online 25 October 2006.</ref> Ballard, an ideal walking and bicycling community, is eagerly working toward relocalization: addressing challenges (climate crisis and global energy descent) by working toward solutions locally.
 ==Notes==